مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین
سال:1383 | دوره:8 | شماره:1 (پیاپی 30) |تعداد مقالات:23

Background: Evaluation is one of the important aspects of teaching activity; and makes it possible to detect the positive and negative aspects of teaching. So evaluation is very important for improvement of quality of higher education in university. Objective: Determining the knowledge and practice of faculty members about validity and reliability of exams. Methods: In this study; 100 faculty members in Ahvaz medical university were selected randomly. Data were gathered via a questionnaire which included 22 questions about validity and reliability. 70 questionnaires returned after 2 months. We used descriptive statistical method for analyzing data. Findings: 80% of subjects knew about content validity; 42.8% about surface validity; 25% about construct validity and 41.5% about possession validity. 41.5% of subjects had knowledge about test-retest; 35.7% about parallel; 42.9% about halves split and 24.2% about kouder-Richardson reliability index. In assessment of practice 45.7% of subjects were using content validity; and 20% test-retest; for validity and reliability of exams . But about other techniques of determining validity and reliability, subjects seemed to fail using them correctly. Conclusion: Knowledge of faculty members about validity and reliability of exams is low ; and using of various kinds of validity and reliability in exams is very low too.

Background: Educational interventions, such as school HIV/AIDS educations, are the best defenses against the spread of HIV/AIDS. On the other hand, knowing the information sources which students have got their previous information on HIV/AIDS, and also sources which they prefer to get their information through them is essential in planning effective educational programs regarding HIV/AIDS. Objective: Therefore, this descriptive-analytic study was designed and conducted in order to assess the information sources of the students of male public schools of educational region No.3 of Tehran regarding HIV/AIDS. Methods: Using the sampling formula, a sample of 220 students were estimated, but in action 246 students were studied. The samples were selected using Random Stratified Sampling Method. Using SPSSFW software the data were analyzed statistically, and for this reason descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used. Findings: The results implied that 85% of the students had got information on HIV/AIDS through various sources and channels. Regarding the favorite (preferred) sources and channels, 75.6% and 72.6% of the students said that they prefer to get their later information on HIV/AIDS respectively through TV and newspapers or magazines. Conclusion: This implies that TV and newspapers or magazines are favorite and acceptable media for the studied students. Hence, if the needed education for students are presented through these channels, and preferably through TV, might have high effectiveness.

Background: Survey on the factors influencing the students academic achievement, who are the most intelligent people is important. Objective: This study was performed in order to determine the relationship between academic achievement and personality of students. Methods: This is an analytic study. Subjects consisted of 304 full time undergraduate nursing students (total students) at Fatemeh (P.B.U.H) college in second semester of 1999-2000 (academic year). The subjects were assessed by a demographic questionnaire, Eysencks personality Inventory and total average of grades as academic achievement. Data analysed using the t-test, analysis of varivance and pearson correlation. Findings: Mean score in introversion was 12.41 and in neuroticism 12.10. 25.5% of students were successful in studying and 25% were unsuccessful and others were moderate. There was a significant negative correlation between academic achievement with neuroticism (-0.1171, P=0.045). Conclusion: According to the findings, student’s mental condition had effects on their academic achievement. The follow up of student’s mental health and personality and activation of mental consultation centers for them is necessary.

Background: Clinical teaching is a great part of nursing education. It shapes skills and in this process nursing students can be prepared to take care of patients independently. Objective: To study clinical teaching problems in junior nursing students. Methods: From 70 junior nursing students of Shiraz nursing faculty only 50 of them answered questionnaire which was designed for this purpose. Findings: The most important problems in nursing clinical teaching field were: undefined students’ duty in ward 96% , society and patients unfamiliarity to nursing job, 92% discrepancy between theoretical teaching and clinical work 90%, performing the primary care by students 84%, ignoring of nursing process in care 82% and lack of required facilities for students 80%. Conclusion: Undefined objectives and students’ duty in ward were the most important clinical teaching problems.

Background: With regard to changes in the needs of the society, medical education should be a developing process. One of the main factors that can promote education from a static to a dynamic and effective state is evaluation. Objective: The purpose of the present survey is to determine the rate of success of medical students passing their clerkship in Birjand university of medical sciences from their own views of attaining educational goals of ENT department. Methods: The study is a descriptive and has been performed on 50 medical students in Birjand university of medical sciences . Having validity as well as reliability of the questionnaires , we used them to collect the data. Findings: Participants were 37 men (74%) and 13 women ( 26%). T-test demonstrated a significant statistical difference between male and female students in practical management of cases in ENT ward (P<0.05) . Better practical performance was evident when the student took practical approach in addition to looking and listening. Also , if students used various methods of teaching and learning , they would better manage cases. Conclusion: Providing required facilities for giving instructions on clinical skills such as educational clinical workshops , clinical skills workshops and clinical skill center, educational films and bedside practice under supervision of professors, will promote the fulfilment of educational goals.

Background: Graduate theses and dissertations are important sources of academic research and must be written and organized correctly. Objective: To evaluate graduate theses in Qazvin dental school with respect to quantity and quality from 1996 to 2001. Methods: A total of 136 theses were submitted to the study and a checklist consisting of 4 different parts was completed for each case. Parameters related to structure and content were analyzed separately and compared between two period of time.(1996-97 and 2000-2001) Findings: 83.1% of theses were based on research works, most of which were designed as crosssectional and experimental studies. Of the structural parameters, sections related to variables, hypotheses and questions were absent in most of the theses. The way of writing and using references were incorrect in the majority of cases. The overall quality of theses has been improved or remained unchanged between 1996-97 and 2000-2001 academic years. The mean score of theses was 19.05 ranging from 16.5 to 20. Theses ranked as excellent showed a decline between the two periods of time. Theses with six members in defense sessions increased from 10% in 1996-97 to 68.2 % in 2000-2001. Conclusion: The overall quality of Qazvin dental students’ theses seems adequate in most cases. However, improvement in some aspects is still necessary

Background: Several factors may influence teaching-learning process. One of them is individual learning style. Objective: Determining the learning style ( based on the Kolb experiential learning theory) among nursing students of Qazvin university of medical sciences in relation to educational progress marks. Methods: This cross-sectional study has been carried out in Qazvin during 2000 – 2001 (academic year). A questionnaire ( including demographic questions and Kolb learning style inventory) was used to gather the data. 195 persons participated in the study by completing the questionnaires data were analyzed by descriptive and chi-square statistical tests. Findings: Results indicated that most of the students were as assimilator (53.8 %) and the others were converger (28.9 %), diverger (11.2 %), and accomodator (6.1 %). No significant relation was seen between learning styles and academic marks. Conclusion: Nursing students have different learning styles and teachers must consider it and use different teaching methods. It seems that the learners are very flexible in different learning tasks. .

Background: Owing to high amounts of information produced in organizations and the necessity to prompt accessibility to information for managerial decision making in other side, the information management specialty has been proposed as a new science in management. Objective: This study was performed to assess the definitions, process and components of information management in exiting resources and also an aualysis of modern concepts specially in the field of health care industry. Methods: This systematic review study based on existing resources on internet from 1997 to 2003. Findings: The information management is a modern science. The information management systems developed a great deal during 1980s. In 1994 international network of information management in Europe was accessible on-line. The true introduction time for the term of Information Management refer to 1995. Conclusion: The information management is a process which consist of four basic parts: information production , organization and storage of information, information dissemination and information utilization. These four parts together will satisfy the aims of information management in an organization.

Background: Basic sciences are the most important examinations of medical students, which can assess their abilities in passing the general medicine. Objective: This research has described some important factors, which are related to the exams. Methods: This analytic study was done in 2001 on 206 medical students who participated in the exam, from August 1999 to February 2000. For the analysis, the total mean and the scores of 10 courses of the basic sciences together with the final score and some demographic factors were collected. To analyze the data, Chi-square and unpaired t-test where used together with relative risks (RR). Findings: The failed students were 41 (20%). RR of failing for students with non-regional quota system, high age, married, period of more than 5 semesters and the mean of less than total mean in the basic sciences, were 3.5, 2.9, 2.1, 3.4, 12.7 respectively. The RR for students with weak score in physiology 2, microbiology and parasitology were 10.8, 6.0, 5.5 respectively. All the RRs are significant as well. Conclusion: The variables of age, marital status, quota system, mean and period of basic sciences together with the score of microbiology, parasitology and physiology II are the most effective factors in the result of the exams.

Background:Medical education quality improvement needs continuous evaluation. Objective:To determine the viewpoints of clinical students about the quality of clinical education. Methods:Through a descriptive-analytic study, a questionnaire consisting of 3 parts and 31 questions was used for data gathering . Findings:Students responded to the questions about scientific mastery, educational administraion, medical communication and consultation. Results indicated that clinical students evaluated scientific mastery, and educational administration as a ((well)), and medical communication and counsultation domins as ((moderate)). The highest mean scores in scientific mastery belongs to “the subjects of course mastery”; in educational administation , it goes to “choose of patient according to the clerkships objectives”; and in medical communication and consultation “ giving feedback to the students” got the highest mean score. Conculsion: Active and efficient presence of clinical teachers could improve the quailty of clinical education. Workshops aiming at changing the teachers attitudes, orienting the inovative educational methods and evaluation, are premise for promoting the quality of clinical education.

Background: Nowadays, prisons are one of the certain centers of HIV in all over the world. In fact, prisoners are not only susceptible to exposure of HIV infection, but also they are a reservoir for beginning and development of HIV in the society. Objective: This study has been aimed to evaluate the effect of health education program on the AIDS preventive behaviors of prisoners aged under 25 years old (Ghezalhesar prison-Tehran). Methods: In this quasi-experimental research 50 male addicted prisoners were selected. A questionnaire was developed in four sections: demographic factors, knowledge, attitude and practice and it was used after taking reliability and validity. The level of KAP toward AIDS was evaluated first by using a questionnaire (pretest). The educational needs were recognized, and then the educational plan was designed. Educational methods in this study was lecturing, group discussion, face to face, answer question, poster, leaflet, pamphlet and video film. After 2 month performing educational program, KAP was determined again (posttest) and then was compared with pretest information. Collected data were analyzed by parametric and non- parametric statistical tests. Findings: The results of the study show that 22% of prisoners in prison had drugs Injections, 8% of them had sexual intercourse, 38% of them had one razor shared and 6% of them had tattooed. Also 82% of prisoners were witness in using syringe for drugs and 48% were witness for sexual intercourse of other prisoners. Analysis of the data, before and after the educational program showed that there is significant difference between knowledge, attitude and practice. Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that health education program has caused an increase in KAP.