CULTURE OF COMMUNICATION
Year:2011 | Volume:1 | Issue:2|Papers Count:10

This research addresses one of the members of "mass communication" family, i.e. novel.The subject of this research is "the Content Analysis of Nonverbal Communication of selected Characters in the Novels of Simin Daneshvar (Savushun, Wandering Camel Rider, and Wander Island) before and after the Islamic Revolution of Iran". This research is conducted based on the analysis of the content and its application in novel in order to identify the nonverbal communicative categories (including body gestures, behaviors, etc.) of the characters of the abovementioned novels. and attempts to meet the following four objectives:1- Identify the nonverbal communications and narration method of each novel.2- Identify the nonverbal communications and creation of characters of the narrative.3- Identify the nonverbal communications within the period, during which the novel is narrated.4- Identify the nonverbal communications and lifestyle of the characters of each novel.Three novels have been used from the works of Simin Daneshvar. The nonverbal communications of the main chapters of these novels, which were consistent with the objectives of the research and the questions and the variables of the hypotheses, were studied. Those main characters, which were non-typical by preserving their special individuality assigned to them by the author and played a significant role in the novels, were selected and studied.-In all three novels, nonverbal communications of the characters were observed, which presented the most attractive and prominent types of nonverbal communications in the path of time before and after the Islamic Revolution (anti-imperialism novels).-Proper use of nonverbal communicative categories helps the creation of characters and settings of novels and assists the readers of novel to understand the work better.-The time of writing the novels, subject of novels and writing style affected the processing of nonverbal communication categories.

The issue of Advertising in Iran from the view of addressees has always been considered as a social preoccupation. Social researchers view it mainly with a critical attitude but researchers of communication and social sciences have not paid sufficient attention to advertisements from the perspective of pathological theoretical and applied researches. The few existing studies, which form the main body of researches round business commercials in Iran, are mainly in the area of economics and marketing with an aim of promoting, knowing the market and the effects of Advertising on the sale of commodities.Today, business advertisements as a multilayer phenomenon irrespective from economic impacts can have deep cultural, social and psychological effects on the society. Unfortunately, there are only a few studies, which study or assess commercials from this standpoint.Based on issues resulting from a pathological study of commercials researches, this paper attempt to review the past and existing situation of commercials in Iran and to put forth the most important challenges ahead of advertisement industry by using the present researches and studies conducted by academic and research centers. Furthermore, efforts are made to present certain approaches and proposals based on the secondary analysis of mentioned researches. Many important national developmental researches, plans and documents have been noticed in developing this paper.

This study focuses on the factors that affecting the communicative differences between men and women in Tehran in Their interpersonal relations.The study research methods was survey and measurements tools was a questionnaire After filling questionnaires, descriptive table and inferential tables via SPSS software was obtained and analyzed. The study included statistical community of people of Tehran. According to statistics the population was 7705036 people. Survey said that 75% of our daily times spend in contact with others. That's why everyone's quality of life depends on the quality of communication he has with others. Undoubtedly the relationship between the two sides who exchange messages has differences. Perceptual and speech differences are obvious more than before between men and women and these differences make great changes their relationship..One can say the differences between individual processes disrupt and related parties leaves in lots of problem bewildered. And the question is why are men and women communicate differently? The review showed that that the competitiveness, feel and support language of women was less than men’s feeling in make a communication.They are more frank and they say about their mode more explicit. They associated with self-centered than others are women in make a communication with others and most of the time they prefer to be silent and also resistant against changes. Themselves recognition is in a very low level and their view, but very curious than others. Men made them less involve in problems and say their wishes without margins and made no introduce for a communication. The self confident of men is more than women and in contrast women are more social than men and have a lot of independence-seeking instead and are more friendly in communication. Women are more duty oriented than men and their beliefs has a strong effect on their relationship. Women asking question in the use of short question and also women are more confidant than men and deep look at issues. They are cautious about relationship with others. Women are thinking a lot and have a stabilize character. Also women have more tender mental mode.With this interpretation can realize that the differences between men and women in relationship in their personal relationship.

In term of communication studies, we may shed light on obscure parts of the poetic and literal texts of the Persian literature which plays pivotal key role as a source of shaping folk’s quotidian communicating styles, when comes to body language, gestures, symbols and furthermore, being able to understand a nation’s cultural structure and believes.In this paper, among the heroic part’s tales of the greatest Iranian identity document: ”SHAHNAMEH”: “the story of” SIAVASH” picked to be considered according to its innately visual, performable capabilities from communication point of view.Hence, tow major category of verbal and non-verbal communication with the subcategories like communication with: environment, tools, society, god, interpersonal and so on, reviewed and depicted that practically used symbols belonged to the nonverbal communication category the most.

To depict the image of the enemy, news media uses closed and heavy rhetorical texts as a type of discursive war drum. Texts with a very high ideological density, continuously use metaphors that stand as central concepts to form dreadful mythical images of the enemy; Hitler of our time.By examining persuasive texts, article also studies rhetorical strategies through pin pointing the differences that such closed texts have compared to open texts. Exactly in that respect, metaphors are studied as the central concept of modern media mythologies of the enemy. Finally, after close examination of myth as a strange media phenomenon in our modern time, article defines and categorizes different faces of the enemy as depicted by media in recent history.

Media literacy is considered as a key thought in communication scope by which individuals can conserve themselves against the media diverse effects. Media literacy can empower audiences to increase their understanding, analyzing and critics skills. Therefore the audiences, equipped with this technique, can control the invasion of media messages more effectively.In this regard, this research based article tries to investigate level of media literacy among Tabriz citizens. The article is based on the Survey method in which an author-made questionnaire were used. The statistical population involved 1150000 individuals older than 15 years in Tabriz, 384 persons were selected by multi-stage cluster method based on Cokaran formula according to age and gender.The research findings showed that the goals are the same in using media in different media literacy levels, Tabriz citizens using television more than the other media, capability of the Tabriz citizens in identification of the effect of the distortion, stereotyping, propaganda and violence in the media, having intermediate critical view, recognition of the moral, socio- cultural consequences were in middle and low level.

In the new era coated with the emergence of new media, we, specially our children are under the bombardment of media. It seems that the best possible way for survival in this network of information throughout our ingrained cultural environment, avoiding to be passive, enjoyment of critical thinking and increasing skills and abilities toward these waves. And this can be done only through media literacy development. Media literacy will provide, not only for adults but also for our children, communication skills necessarily for facing logically with the media. It will also provide the precise and analytical view to the written media, audio-visual The aim of this article is to explain and Evaluation of media literacy among M.A. social communication students in Islamic Azad University, central Branch 1388. From the aim point of view, this study is applicable one and in the method's point of view, it is a correlation one. The population of this study and the sample has been the same.The results showed that the students have an average understanding of media literacy. So they can process and select the messages. Therefore it can be noted that the population of this study have been reached to an average primary goal of media literacy that enable the audiences with high awareness.

According to the significant role of the press in cultural and political development of a society and importance of a normative press system to guide the course and containing of magazines, this research is going to study consideration of idealistic criterions of journalism in the magazines Keyhan, Ham Shahri, and E’temad Melli and the role of responders’ political attitude in choosing normative system and evaluation of considering favorite criterions by those magazines.Desirable scales were derived after review of normative theories and record of similar studies. The study was done by survey method and with questionnaire among 280 Tehran journalists selected through non-randomized conveniently sampling.The survey shows there is no meaningful statistical relationship between political tendency and idealistic normative system of the responders. People of the specimen mostly advocate liberal press system and choose Hamshahri magazine more than 2 other ones regarding observation of desirable press standards.