Archives of Rehabilitation (Journal of Rehabilitation)
Year:2014 | Volume:15 | Issue:3|Papers Count:12

Objective: Flat foot is common deformity in children that medial longitudinal arch is decreased, which if not treated in childhood may lead to pain and other problems in adulthood. Insoles and orthopedic shoes usually prescribed for treatment of flat foot in children, but the biomechanical impact of these devices is not yet clear. The purpose of this study is comparison of two conventional orthoses intervention in Iran, including medical shoe and functional foot orthosis on static balance by measurement of displacement of center of pressure and cop sway velocity in children with flexible flat foot.Materials and Methods: This Quasi experimental study were accomplished on 30 children with flat foot and 10 healthy children for achievement of normal data in healthy children. Children stood unilaterally on force plate of Neurocom and in order to measurement of balance, displacement of center of pressure and COP (Center of Pressure) sway velocity were recorded.Results: The results related to displacement of the center of pressure in a flat foot showed with insoles and conventional shoe the amount of displacement of center of pressure significantly were reduced (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between orthopedic shoe and functional foot orthosis, (p=0.12). Results of COP sway velocity showed in barefoot condition COP sway the most and in comparison with orthopedic shoe COP sway velocity were decreased with functional foot orthosis and regular shoe (significant level was 0.05).Conclusion: According to result of this study about static balance in flat foot children, there was no significant different among orthopedic shoe and functional foot orthosis. Due to the reduced displacement of center of pressure with functional foot orthosis and rejection of orthopedic shoe by children it seems that prescription of functional foot orthosis with regular shoe can be properly administered in flat foot children.

Objective inadequate processing of sensory information especially vestibular leads to typical behaviors in attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) children which manifested as inattentive behaviors. in this research we aimed to study the effects of vestibular stimulation on visual attention in 7-12 year old ADHD children, with using iva-plus-cpt (integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test).Materials & Methods: thirty children diagnosed as ADHD (7-12 year old), which were right handed and have had normal iq based on wechsler test participated in this research following their consent and divided randomly in the intervention and control groups. all participants were assessed using iva-plus-cpt, then the intervention group participated in normal occupational therapy activities plus vestibular stimulation while the control group were recruited only in normal occupational therapy activities. intervention continued for 10 sessions, twice a week for 5 weeks. at the end, all participants were evaluated again using iva-plus-cpt. the collected date was analyzed using spss software version 16 and differences in pre and post test were comprised between the two groups using independent t-test.Results: vestibular stimulation leaded to significantly differences in, visual attention, impulse (p<0.05) but visual impulse control did not show significant differences amongst the two groups.Conclusion: vestibular stimulation can affect meaningfully visual attention in ADHD children. so it can be used as a therapeutic technique in treating these children.

Objective: This study is aimed to investigate the role of perceived social support in predicting psychological disorders in people with physical disability and its comparison with normal subjects.Materials & Methods: In this descriptive analytic study, 49 subjects with physical disability were chosen by simple random sampling and 50 subjects were selected among ordinary people by available sampling. Data were gathered with Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Multidimensional Scale for Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and were analyzed by statistical tests of chi-square, T-Test and multivariate regression on SPSS-16.Results: Results showed that there are significant differences between physical disabled subjects and normal subjects with respect to their stress (P<0.05), anxiety, depression and important individuals support (P<0.001). There are also significant correlations between the stress of physical disabled individuals with support of friends and important individuals; between the depression of physical disabled individuals and support of friends, family, important individuals and their total social support; and finally between the anxiety of physical disabled individuals and support of friends, family and important individuals (P<0.05). The results of regression analysis showed that models about the prediction of stress, depression and anxiety based on perceived social support were significant for people with physical disability and normal subjects (P<0.001).Conclusion: These results have amplifications about the prevention of social and psychological dysfunctions and are usable in rehabilitation for people with physical disability.

Objective: One of the most common neurological disorders in pre-school children is neuropsychological disabilities. Disorders in performing perceptual motor movements (activities) are among the signs of this disorder in children. This study aimed to find out the effect of the selected physical activities on perceptual motor abilities in preschool children with neuropsychological disabilities.Materials & Methods: This study was experimental research with pre-test, post -test and control group.The subjects of this study included all 5-6 year-old children of kindergartens and preschool centers of Babol, in 2013. To select the sample, 120 parents of these children filled up Conner neurological - psychological questionnaire and 30 children (via convenience sampling) who received higher score in psychological-neural Conner questionnaire and did not have a proper motor conditions were selected randomly for inclusion in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control group, each with 15 persons. The selected motor program in this research was Spark movement program that includes strengthening activities, sports and games for children. This program was administered on experimental group for 15 sessions (each session 45 minutes and for 35 days). The Oseretsky- Lincoln test was used for assessment of perceptual motor skills in children. The data were analyzed by Multivariate analysis of covariance.Results: The results showed that the selected program was effective for improving perceptual motor skills of children with neuropsychological disabilities (p<0.05); however, only in the velocity motor components no significant difference was observed.Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that sport and physical activities as an essential part of the daily program of these children can lead to the more useful results for these children.

Objective: According to the report of National Association of America School Sports ankle sprain is one of the common injuries among athletes of foutsal, soccer and basketball which according to estimations, it includes 10% up to 30% of all sports injuries and 80% of ankle injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive trainings on basketball players' dynamic balance with ankle sprain.Materials & Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental research in which 30 male basketball players with age range of 22-18 years old were selected randomly and divided into experimental and control group. They had proprioceptive exercises for 5 weeks. Dynamic balance of subjects was measured before and after exercise by BSS (Biodex Stability System). The data were analyzed by independent t-test, paired t-test and k-s. Subjects of this study included male with average age of (19.68±1.35) in experimental group, and male with (19.66±1.23) years in control group.Results: T-test results showed that there was a significant difference in experimental group after the proprioceptive training concerning the dynamic balance score (overall P=0.001, lateral: P=0.001 and anterior-posterior: P=0.001), but dynamic balance scores in the control group was not significant (overall: P=0.550, lateral: P=0.480 and anterior-posterior P=0.840.Conclusion: According to results of this study, we can emphasize on proper and early rehabilitation of athletes with injuries in ankle while focusing on proprioceptive training to prevent disability and re-sprain and also in order to improve the balance parameters.

Objective: The present study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of psychological immunization program on pessimistic attribution style in boy students with dyslexia.Materials & Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study with pretestand post test design and control group,, thirty boy students with dyslexia were selected randomly from Learning Disabilities Centers in Isfahan City. They were assigned to experimental and control groups (15 individuals in each group). Their intelligence quotient and learning ability were measured by Raven Intelligence Progressive Matrices and Learning Test respectively. Then students answered to Children Attributional Style Questionnaire (CASQ) before and after training sessions. Experimental groupparticipated in 10 weekly training sessions (twice a week; each session lasted for minutes) and received psychological immunization program. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, analysis of covariance, Shapiro-Wilk, Leven, and repeated measures through SPSS 18th version.Results: The results of analysis of covariance showed that psychological immunization training program has significantly (P<0.001) decreased the pessimistic attribution style of experimental group in comparison to control group. Repeated measures analysis showed that there was a significant difference between pretest scores with post test and follow-up (P=0.001) and between post test and follow-up (P=0.05).Conclusion: It seems that the psychological immunization intervention can be considered as an educational and rehabilitation program and lead to change in pessimistic beliefs of boy students with dyslexia.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the reliability of performance assessment of self-care skills (PASS) in evaluating self-care skills of adult patients suffering from multiple sclerosis.Materials & Methods: The present study is an analytic-descriptive study in which 30 adults suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) underwent reliability evaluation of PASS in Tehran city with an interval of two weeks. Participants were selected using stratified sample selection method. ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient) was utilized to investigate the repeatability of PASS.Results: ICC for reliability of the test in ADL was 96%, 96%, and 94% for independence, safety, and outcome respectively (P<0.001). The values for IADL were 96% for independence, 98% for safety, and 95% for outcome (P<0.001). Correlation coefficient for mobility was 99% for all 3 aspects of independence, safety, and outcome (P<0.001). The coefficient for self-care was 97%, 98% and 95% for the 3 aspects of independence, safety, and outcome respectively (P<0.001).Conclusion: These results were indicative of very high reliability of PASS in all 3 aspects of independence, safety, and outcome for adult patients with MS. It can be used as an appropriate tool for research as well as clinical purposes.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease which causes structural and functional changes in foot joints and finally results in alteration of plantar pressures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of insole with medial longitudinal arch support and metatarsal pad on plantar pressure distribution in females with rheumatoid arthritis.Materials & Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study in which 15 volunteer females with rheumatoid arthritis were recruited using no-probability simple sampling method. Plantar pressures were assessed using Pedar-X system in four anatomical foot regions in two conditions of walking with and without foot orthosis. Average maximum pressures (Kilopascal) were calculated in each region and were statistically analyzed by pair-test using SPSS version 19.Results: Foot orthosis with medial longitudinal arch support and metatarsal pad significantly reduced plantar pressure in heel (P<0.015), metatarsal heads (P<0.03) and significantly increased pressure in mid-foot area (P<0.00). However, no significant differences in average maximum pressure were observed between two assessed conditions in the toe area.Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed that the orthosis with medial longitudinal arch support and metatarsal pad increases pressure on mid-foot area and decreases pressure in heel and metatarsal heads by correcting the pressure pattern on heal and metatarsal heads. Therefore, this orthosis is recommended to be used as a treatment intervention in this pathology in order to re-distribute the foot pressures more normally.