DEFENSE STRATEGY
Year:2020 | Volume:17 | Issue:68|Papers Count:6

Based on the measurements stated by the Supreme Leader and the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces (His Majesty) and in order to purposefully and clearly move towards the uppermost goals of the country, the Islamic Republic of Iran agenda is to pursue the Islamic-Iranian development model. This paper clarifies the characteristics of the Iranian Islamic model of progress with a focus on the defense sector. This paper is an exploratory one in terms of its purpose and has identified and explained this affair by examining the available documents and analyzing the content of the Supreme Leader's statements. This research is employed an inductive and qualitative approach. Regarding its nature, this research has used the theory of database. According to the proposed theory, self-reliance and self-sufficiency are considered as the conditions of causality, justice-centeredness as the pivotal class, social capital as the intervening factor, morality as the foundation and background of the Iranian Islamic model of progress. The consequence of the strategies of interaction and action will include improving scientific ability and self-reliance, opportunism and foresight, policy-making and planning, continuous improvement, discourse building, trust, improving the ability and competence of managers, is a systematic and comprehensive view.

Military organizations are at the forefront of using new knowledge regarding the nature of their mission. They are also faced with a variety of threats such as high-speed missiles and aircraft, multi-purpose drones, cyber-electronics, bioterrorism, convergent sciences and technologies, computers, biotechnologies, psychological operations, and the media, and to address these intimidations they have great challenges in obtaining knowledge and technologies at the forefront of knowledge. The purpose of this study is to offer a model for knowledge management based on the analysis of individual, group and organization levels (behavioral approach) to generally understand and create new insights in military organizations. This research was a mixed one (quantitative and qualitative) that the statistical population of its quantitative section included employees of one of the military organizations and the sample size was 50 individuals. The sample of the qualitative section included 7 individuals from among experts in the realm of knowledge management. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed by 4 professors of management at the prestigious military universities in this field, and the reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient which was 0. 85. To test the hypotheses, the structural equation model and the PLS software were used and all the hypotheses were confirmed. According to the obtained results, a model with 4 dimensions, 14 components and 53 indicators was presented and it showed that knowledge management processes are affected by hidden variables of individual level, group level and organizational system level as a whole and also components and indicators of group level have the greatest impression on knowledge management processes.

The strategic status of a country in the present century will depend on a blend of economic and military influence. In order to develop technology, standardization has been unavoidable and has created industrial and economic growth for a country. Regarding the outstanding developments of the country's defense sector in terms of innovation and creation of new products and services, the need to focus on standardization of the terms and definitions of organizations, processes, services, defense products and technical technologies as basic characteristics of quality and safety in them has been an inevitable affair and development of defense standardization has always been one of the main concerns of defense in the country. In this research, the opinions of 14 standardization experts were used to design the researcher-made questionnaire with a Likert spectrum and with the help of Cochran's formula, the sample size was calculated and the data was collected from 92 technology and standardization experts of some defense industries. By means of the correlation analysis of variables, the strategic opportunities ensuing from the participation of the country's defense industry in standardization were identified, and using analysis of variance, these factors were graded in order of effectiveness. The results of this study show that facilitating cooperation and coordinating mechanisms, facilitating research and development and influencing the development of governmental laws and policies are the most important opportunities from participation in standardization for the country's defense industry.

Advances in the armed forces' mission from military issues and the battlefield to advisory, cooperative and diplomatic and dialogue issues have paved the way for defense interactions between countries. Nowadays, many countries try to use nonviolent, peaceful and low-cost methods, such as defense diplomacy and negotiation to follow their defense policies, and using the obtained data from defense interactions act in a more rational way in making decisions and formulating their future defense policies. In this research, it was tried to provide a model considering how the soft power of defense diplomacy can be employed in the implementation of future defense policies and decisions. To do this, using field method (interview) the data collected based on the data theory were analyzed qualitatively. The statistical population of this study included 22 professors, experts, researchers and experts in the field of research who had been selected using the method of the chain sampling (snowball). The obtained results showed that the effective employment of defense diplomacy in the implementation of defense policies had positive effects and consequences for the Islamic Republic of Iran at the national and international levels. In addition, it played an effective role in shaping defense policy data, influencing policymakers' future decisions, and facilitating the achievement of defense and military objectives.

The growing energy consumption and adverse effects of using fossil fuels as primary sources of electric energy generation from an economic, environmental, energy density and variety in energy portfolio have led to a general shift towards the use of new energy sources such as renewable, cleaner and more productive energy to be considered. Among them, nuclear energy is taken into account as one of the main sources of clean and efficient energy production. One of the important aims of passive defense is to pursue the realization of the upstream documents, particularly the measures and orders of the Supreme Leader. In the country's upstream documents and plans regarding development of nuclear power plants, the production of 20, 000 megawatts of nuclear power is mentioned as the country's main and essential need. To this end, it is essential to inspect strategies for reaching this level of nuclear energy. The state of affairs in the national and international community after BRJAM agreement has influenced the development of the country's nuclear industry. To this end, at fist environmental surveys including strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities have been conducted. Then, through combining weaknesses and threats, challenges and major obstacles have been extracted and the macro-strategies of passive defense in order to address these challenges and obstacles have been developed using driving forces (strengths and opportunities). In terms of determining and extracting environmental studies and strategies, views of the statistical sample including experts, specialists and authorities in the nuclear industry and passive defense have been used. In this paper, strategies of passive defense regarding the development of nuclear power plants in terms of producing vulnerability for Islamic Republic of Iran in the future has been inspected and determined.

The purpose of this study is to present a method for selection of the most appropriate military technology from among the identified technologies to acquire it through research and development projects. Thus, to accomplish this aim, the research process is designed by merging three topics of evaluation and technology selection, military technology strategies, and research and development projects. The results obtained from this method can be summarized into two types of intermediate and final results. Intermediate results are related to weighting and prioritization of evaluation criteria and selection of military technologies. Based on these results, the criteria for "synchronization with military policies, strategy and guideline", "military deterrence ability", "promotion of national self-confidence and researchers' self-confidence" and also among the grouping regarding the criteria, the group of criteria of "strategy and operational efficiency" "technology effect" and "creativity and innovation" were acknowledged as the most important criteria for technology selection. In the final results, out of the 5 identified technologies, two technologies were eliminated in the monitoring of the initial evaluation stage, and finally the conditioned technologies according to the selected criteria and using "TOPSIS" method were prioritized as B, D and C, respectively.