Archives of Rehabilitation (Journal of Rehabilitation)
Year:2014 | Volume:15 | Issue:1|Papers Count:12

Objective: Considering that individuals’ self-esteem is affected by emotional intelligence, few studies have focused on hearing loss population. The purpose of the present research was to determine the efficacy of emotional intelligence training on self-esteem in boy students suffering from profound hearing loss in Tehran province.Materials & Methods: The present research was an randomized clinical trail study with pre-test, post-test design and control group. The statistical population of the research include profound hearing loss students from second and third grade of guidance school aged 13-15 years old (mean age 12/48).40 students were selected by cluster sampling method. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups (experimental and control group), each of which consisted of 20 students. Experimental group received emotional intelligence training in 12 sessions while control group did not. The instruments of present research were Wechsler intelligence nonverbal scale for children (Persian version) and Cooper Smith self-esteem questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using independent T-Test, one way and multivariate analysis of covariance with 16th version of statistical program for social sciences (SPSS).Results: The findings showed that there was significant increase in self-esteem scores mean of experimental group in the post intervention in comparison with control group (P<0.001). Also scores mean of experimental group increased significantly in own self-esteem, social self-esteem, family self-esteem and academic self-esteem (P<0.001).ConclusionThe emotional intelligence training program can improve the self-esteem and their subscales in students suffering from hearing loss. Therefore, planning for providing emotional intelligence training for these students is an important issue.

Objectives: The objective of this research was to determine the organizational learning capability and its barriers and facilitators from the viewpoint of staffs of Tehran rehabilitation cent ers in year 2012.Materials & Methods: This study is a descriptive – analytical research and was conducted with cross-sectional method. Statistical population include staffs of Tehran rehabilitation centers in year 2012.278 staffs were chosen through the simple random sampling. For data collection, self-designed questionnaire of organizational learning, self-designed questionnaire of learning barriers as well as self-designed questionnaire of organizational learning facilitators were used.Results: Results indicated high capability of organizational learning among staffs of rehabilitation center. (SD=41.5 M=2.156). Furthermore, there was a significant and reverse relation between organizational learning barrier and organizational learning capability. (P ≤ 0.01, gama=-0.6). But there was no significant relation between organizational learning capability and organizational learning facilitators (P>0.05, gama=-0.16).Conclusion: The results showed that there was high organizational learning capability in staffs of Tehran rehabilitation centers. Since the study indicated that the most important barrier to organizational learning is daily working pressure of employees and the most important facilitator is recognizing the weak and strong points of employees in learning, therefore it is recommended that in order to enhance organizational efficiency, due attention be paid to these barriers, plan be made in order to remove or decrease learning barriers and organizational learning facilitators of staffs of rehabilitation centers be increased.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the cumulative validity of experimental form in comparison with the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) independently to identify occupational performance problems in the mothers of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP).Materials and Methods: This study is an item refinement for experimental form, performed in two stages: firstly designing experimental form and testing reliability; secondly its item refinement. Participants were 30 mothers of children with CP in first stage and 21 mothers of children with CP in second stage from different occupational therapy clinics in Tehran. The data were analyzed by paired T-test, Spearman correlation and Choronbach, s Alpha coefficient using SPSS18 software.ResultsIn first stage, Spearman correlation coefficients showed that all the subscales had good testretest reliability (r>0.7). There were observed significant difference in household management, quiet recreation, active recreation and socialization subscales of experimental form along COPM form compared with COPM form alone in item refinement stage.Conclusion: It seems that experimental form helps to detect more important occupational performance problems of mothers. Therefore, we recommend the use of experimental form for knowing changes of mothers of children with CP.

Objective: Unstable shoe has been recommended as a safety factor for healthy individuals and as a tool for osteoarthritis patients in order to reduce the pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of unstable shoe on biomechanical variables related to injury during running.Materials & Methods: Twenty five healthy young available males (21±2.27 years) participated in this quasi-experimental study. The subjects were asked to run on the force plate barefoot, with unstable shoe and with control shoe. variables of active and passive joint power, peak anterior-posterior forces, active and passive vertical force, loading rate and impulse of posterior and passive vertical forces were recorded using synchronizing force plate and video camera were registered and were calculated in MATLAB software. A repeated measure of ANOVA was used to test the hypothesis in SPSS software (version 20, p<0.05).Results: Negative power at Ankle joint decreased significantly by 49%, 35% respectively using unstable shoe compared to control shoe and barefoot conditions (P=0.02, P<0.05). Furthermore, unstable shoe decreased the active ankle power significantly compared to barefoot condition by 23% (P=0.01). Loading rate and peak of passive vertical force, impulse and peak of posterior force increased significantly in unstable shoe compared to control shoe (P<0.05).Conclusion: Unstable shoe increased some of running related injuries risk factors such as loading rate and peak of passive vertical force, impulse and peak of posterior force. Furthermore, this shoe could decrease absorption potential shank muscles and ankle active stability compared to the control shoe. However, with increase of ankle active power compared to barefoot and lower anterior force, unstable shoe could improve the ankle joint force generation and propulsion potential.

Objective: This research has been conducted with the aim of examining the performance of slow-learner students in first grade of elementary schools in Wechsler, Laiter and Goodenough Intelligence scales.Materials & Methods: The present study is a comparative research. The statistical population who were selected randomly included all slow-learner students studying in the 1st grade of elementary schools in Isfahan (25 girls, 25 boys). The Wechsler Intelligence Revised Scale for Children-Revised, Leiter international performance scale and the Goodenough Draw-a-man test were used to measure verbal and nonverbal intelligences of students. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 15, using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and independent t-test.Results: The results showed that slow-learner students in Wechsler and Leiter subscales had similar function. A significant correlation was found between the Leiter score with Wechsler (P<0.05) and with Goodenough (P<0.01) scores. In addition, there were no significant differences between the scores of girl and boy students regarding the Wechsler, Leiter and Goodenough intelligence scales (P>0.05).Conclusion: The relationship between Leiter intelligence scale with Wechsler and Goodenough scales confirms the correctness of present assessment. Slow-learner boy and girl students of 1st grade of elementary school had the same performance on three intelligence scales.

Objective: The Behavioral disorders include a wide variety of childhood and adolescence problems and its prevalence varies in different parts of Iran and the world. Knowledge of them is essential to the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of patients. The aim of this survey is to assess behavioral disorders prevalence in high school students in Hamedan province.Materials & Methods: In this descriptive and cross sectional study, 500 boy and girl students in school year 2012-13 were selected from Hamedan high schools by multistep cluster sampling, based on region and gender. Data were gathered by Achenbach experience questionnaire (YSR form) and were analyzed by Friedman and independent T tests.Results: The findings showed that the prevalence of behavioral problems among students in the province is 10 percent and it was higher in girls than boys. Most disorders were withdrawal disorder / anxiety and attention problems and somatization disorder was the least problem.Conclusion: Prevalence of behavior disorders in Hamedan province is similar to other researches carried out, but the prevalence in boys and girls is different from other researches.

Objective: Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered as one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders which leads to joint degeneration and consequently deterioration of function and proprioception. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Pilates exercise on knee OA.Materials & MethodsForty-one male individuals with knee osteoarthritis were randomly categorized into three groups under the therapy with Pilates, conventional exercise therapy, and control. The proprioception, level of performance, and assessment of patients’ pain and disability were examined before intervention and after eight weeks using Biodex system, measuring time of four functional activities, and Lequesne Index. Descriptive statistical, One-Way ANOVA, and Scheffe test were utilized to analyze the data (P<0.05).ResultsThe result of descriptive analysis of demographic data was as follows: (Mean ± SD: Age 52.1 ± 8.9 years, Time of knee OA involvement 23.3 ± 11.2 months). While there was no significant (P>0.05) difference between the experimental groups in improving the functional status and angle reproduction error, they both resulted in more significant (P>0.001) influence than the control. However, significant improvement (P>0.001) in Lequesne index was gained by participants who followed the exercise protocols, but the Pilates technique had more significant effects (P<0.05).ConclusionPilates training can improve functional ability and proprioception in patients with knee OA. Further studies are required to find out the mechanism of these exercises.

Objective: The ankle joint is the most frequently injured anatomical site in athletes. Ankle instability is responsible for 25% of thetime which is lost in sport activities. Clinical efficacy of taping in athletes with ankle instability is still unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of Mulligan ankle taping on dynamic balance in the athletes with and without chronic ankle instability.Materials & Methods32 athletes participated in this study: 16 subjects with chronic ankle instability, 6 women and 10 men (Foot Ankle Disability Index 74.5 ± 8.62% and Foot Ankle Disability Index Sport 63.5 ± 7.86%) and 16 healthy subjects (Foot Ankle Disability Index and Foot Ankle Disability Index Sport 100%). Dynamic balance was assessed with Star Excursion Balance Test in 3 directions (medial, anteromedial and postero-medial) before and after Mulligan ankle taping. SPSS software (version16) and independent and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results: Dynamic balance in healthy group was significantly better than the injured group (P≤0.05). Application of taping caused significant improvement in dynamic balance in both groups (p≤0.05) (except reaching in antero-medial direction in healthy group p>0.05).Conclusion: It seems that Mulligan ankle taping can improve dynamic balance in the athletes with and without chronic ankle instbility.

Objective: Movement is one of the aspects of individual development which accompanies him from birth to death and is an important factor to achieve the goals and meet the needs. Precise assessment of gross and fine motor skills in infancy facilitates the diagnosis and treatment of motor disorders. Hence this study was implemented in order to investigate the motor development in infants of Hamadan.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted through descriptive-analytical procedures, 124 infants were selected using randomized cluster sampling in health care centers of Hamadan.Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS) was the means of gathering the data. The analysis was implemented through SPSS-16.Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the fine and gross motor on gender, type of childbirth, childbirth order, history of father / mother’s smoking. Moreover, there is a positive relationship between age and gross/fine motor development (quotient) (P<0.001).Conclusion: The mean motor age and motor development quotient were of normal range in infants studied.However, motor training programs are recommended in order to facilitate the motor development of the above- mentioned infants.

Objective: This study was a basic investigation of the ability of concurrent speech segregation in hearing impaired children. Concurrent segregation is one of the fundamental components of auditory scene analysis and plays an important role in process of speech perception. In the present study, auditory late potentials of impaired children were studied and were compared to the responses of normal groups.Materials & Methods: Auditory late potentials in response to 12 double vowels were recorded in 10 children with moderate to severe sensory neural hearing loss and 10 normal children who were selected randomly. The age range of all participants was 4-6 years old (4.95 ± 0.72 for the normal group and 5.05 ± 0.79 for the hearing impaired ones). Double vowels (pairs of synthetic vowels) were presented concurrently and binaurally. Fundamental frequency (F0) of these vowels and the size of the difference in F0 between vowels was 100 Hz and 0.5 semitones respectively. The hearing impaired children were selected randomly and blindly.Results: Comparing N1-P2 amplitude showed statistically significant difference in some stimuli between hearing impaired and normal children (P-value<0.05). More careful study of the results, N1-P2 amplitude- which is index of detecting vowel changes and reflecting verbal stimuli in central auditory system in absence of active participants- decreased in hearing impaired children.Conclusion: The present study showed concurrent speech segregation problems in hearing impaired children and provides evidence on problems in detection of speech features in a bo􀆩om-up processing (based on fundamental frequency and its differences) in the mentioned children.