IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY CLINICAL SCIENCES
Year:2020 | Volume:13 | Issue:2|Papers Count:12

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is an acute and contagious viral disease in domestic and wild ruminants, which causes significant economic losses. In this study, from a total of 56 sheep and goats suspected to the natural outbreak of PPR isolated from different regions of Fars province, 16 (13 goats and 3 sheeps) swap samples were taken from for detection of PPRV antigen using immunocapture ELISA test. Also, 6 cases were necropsied and tissue samples organs were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histopathological examination. Clinically, severe fever, anorexia, nasal and eye mucopurulent discharges, erosive-ulcerative stomatitis and diarrhea were observed. At necropsy, erosive-ulcerative lesions covered with white to gray pseudomembranes in the oral cavity, hyperemia, and consolidation of anteroventral and cardiac lobes of lungs, erosive lesions in intestines and mesenteric and mediastinal lymphadenopathies were seen. Histopathological examination revealed erosive-ulcerative stomatitis associated with hydropic degeneration, syncytial cell formation and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic/ intranuclear inclusion bodies, interstitial pneumonia associated with giant syncytial cell formation and presence of eosinophilic intracytoplasmic and nuclear inclusion bodies within alveolar and bronchiolar epitheliums that were indicated as definitive diagnosis of PPR. Immunocapture ELISA test showed 15 (93%) of 16 cases were positive for PPRV antigen. Rapid diagnosis and implementation of control and prevention programs are emphasized in order to prevent significant economic losses to the small ruminant industry.

Oocyte quality is one of the most important factors in embryo production through in vitro fertilization (IVF). Developmental competence of an oocyte is highly depended on the follicular microenvironment. In this study, the effect of 2 hormonal superstimulation regimes (2 doses and 6 doses of FSH) on developmental competence of oocytes, obtained by ovum pick up (OPU) procedure, was evaluated in cattle species. A total of 120 Holstein heifers with an average age of 11 months were divided into 2 groups of 60 animals. The animals in each group received either 2 or 6 equal doses of FSH (each dose= 50 mg) at 12h interval. The FSH treatment was started 2 days after dominant follicle ablation. The ablation of dominant follicle (s) was done 6 days after synchronized estrous. After OPU, 48 h after the end of FSH therapy, the aspirated oocytes were evaluated morphologically and considered for in vitro maturation, IVF, and subsequent embryo culture. In days 3 and 7, cleavage and blastocyst rates were evaluated. The mean numbers of aspirated follicles were 6. 07± 0. 3 and 14. 9± 0. 9, and retrieved oocytes were 3. 93 ± 0. 5 and 7. 27 ± 0. 6, in treated animal with 2 and 6 doses of FSH, respectively, which was significantly different between two groups (P=0. 0001). The difference in proportion of grade A oocytes in 2 (66. 97± 3. 57) and 6 (73. 48± 3. 01) doses of FSH groups was insignificant (P>0. 05). The rate of cleavage in animals treated with 2 and 6 doses of FSH was 65. 67 ± 3. 65 and 74. 27 ± 5. 38, respectively, which was not significant between two groups (P>0. 05). Blastocyst rate in the 6 dose FSH group (50. 32± 3. 57) was significantly higher than that of 2 dose FSH group (38. 02 ± 3. 18) (P=0. 011). The results of this study demonstrated that 6 doses FSH in compare to 2 doses FSH prior to OPU resulted in more aspirable follicles with higher developmental competence oocytes.

Darreh-shori horse is recognized as one of the best races for free horse-riding and long-distance races. The trimming procedure has an important influence on the conformation of the hoof. This is visible on both radiographic projections, especially on the LM view, in the region of the toe. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hoof trimming on radiographic measurements of hoof balance in hind hooves of Dareh-Shori horse. Ten clinically healthy Dareh-Shori horses with the mean age 7. 05± 3. 6 years and the mean height of 146. 5± 9. 4 cm were included in this study. Lateromedial radiograph were made to get the following measurements before and after trimming respectively: D. W. L (8. 68± 1. 21, 8± 1. 15cm), SL (13. 18± 1. 2, 12. 96± 1. 45cm), P3 to Toe (1. 71± 1. 15, 1. 44± 0. 5cm), S. T (1. 36± 0. 99, 1± 0. 53cm), D. I. J. H (4. 07± 0. 91, 3. 96± 0. 5 cm), Hoof axis (S) angle (52. 65± 3. 73, 54. 05± 3. 57), third phalanx axis (T) angle (51± 3, 52. 50± 2. 96), P2 axis (U) angle (47. 2± 4. 09, 48. 45± 3. 66), H (T ̵ S) angle (-1. 6± 1. 72,-1. 55± 2. 01), R (T ̵ U) angle (3. 70± 3. 19, 4. 40± 2. 37). The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference among DWL before and after trimming. There was no significant difference in other parameters before and after trimming.

Bone injuries caused by accidents, tumors, osteomyelitis, loosening devices, fixed or corrective osteotomy surgical interventions are needed to surgical interventions because spontaneous recovery occurs only in small and limited damage. Autografting technique is still as a golden standard technique but there are some limitations like harvested area complications. There are many osteoinduction agents such as platelet-derived growth factor, vascular growth factors and growth factor that cause cell differentiation, proliferation of cells and fibroblasts deposition. This study was conducted on 4 groups (20 Rabbits, each group=5) of rabbits. The control group the defected area was left empty and in autograft group autologous bone was implanted in the defected area. In xenogenic PRP group, bovine PRP 1 ml was injected in the defected area. Finally, in allogenic PRP group, rabbit PRP 1 ml was injected in the defected area. X-rays were taken on 14th, 28th, 42nd and 56th postoperative days. After 8 weeks Post-Operation bone samples were taken from healed area for for histopathological evaluation. Results showed that the use of PRP has been efficient in rabbit bone defect healing and the use of bovine PRP is more representative.

This study was conducted to investigate the different doses of eCG on reproductive performance activities in Lake and Torki Ghashghaei ewes in spring season. In this study 75 Lake Ghashghaei ewes and Torki Ghashghaei ewes (3 to 4 years old) with the mean weight of 55± 1. 8 and 58± 2. 2 kgs were chosen respectively and divided into 5 treatment groups. The estrus cycle of the ewes were synchronized with progesterone sponges during a 14 days period. In each race one day before removing the sponges 300, 400, 500 and 600 eCG IU were injected intramuscularly to group 2 to 5 respectively and group one was assumed as control. The results showed that all of Lake Ghashghaei ewes in group three and four and Torki Ghashghaei ewes in group three, four and five showed estrus signs, after 48 h of removing sponges. There were not any significant differences (P>0. 05) among different treatment groups in the percentage of pregnant ewes. In both races the groups which received eCG had more percentage of twining rate compared with control and the number of ewes with twin lambs increased after increasing the dose of eCG. In conclusion the results showed that in Lake and Torki Ghashghaei 400 and 500 eCG IU had the most effect on pregnancy and twining rate in spring season respectively.

This study was conducted to investigate protective effects of ethanolic extract of Punica granatum peel against Oxidative stress following cadmium poisoning in Japanese quail in a completely randomized design with 4 with 3 replicates (10 birds in each replicate). The treatments were: 1. basal diet, 2. Basal diet + 50ppm cadmium (through drinking water), 3. Basal diet + ethanolic extract pomegranate peel 0. 2%+50 ppm Cadmium (through drinking water), and 4. Basal diet + ethanolic extract pomegranate peel 0. 2%+50 ppm Cadmium (through drinking water). At the end of the experiment, the level of cadmium in the muscles, Serum biochemical and growth factors weekly and intestinal morphology were measured by ICP-OES, auto-analyzer and by histology, respecity. The accumulation of cadmium in the muscles of the various groups showed a significant reduction (P<0. 05) in the group receiving the ethanolic extract pomegranate peel 0. 2%. There was no significant difference in AST, glucose, cholesterol, total protein between different treatments (P>0. 05). Serum ALT levels were significantly lower in the group receiving 0. 1% alcoholic extract of pomegranate peel compared to the cadmium group (P<0. 05). Serum urea levels in the recipient groups of ethanolic extract was significantly lower than cadmium group (P <0. 05). There were no significant differences (P>0. 05) in growth factors (P>0. 05) among different groups. In groups receiving extract, a significant increase in height and width of villous was observed (P<0. 05). Punica granatum peel extract an additive in quail diet can reduce cadmium accumulation, protect against side effects of cadmium, and improve the performance of Japanese quail.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, which is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism. According to antioxidant properties effects of asafoetida, this study was done to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of asafetida resin on the status of sex hormones in PCOS rat model. In the present experimental study, 30 adult female rats were divided into 5 groups, negative control, who did not receive any treatment, positive control (PCOS) who received only estradiol valerate and three experimental groups, which first PCOS was induced in them. Then were treated with 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg BW of extract of asafetida resin. PCOS was induced by estradiol Valerate injection at the estrous cycle. The data suggests that extract of resin asafotida increased serum concentration of FSH and decreased LH and Testosterone in treatment groups. There were significant differences reported on FSH at 75 mg/kg, LH at 50 and 75 mg/kg, and Testosterone at 25, 50 and 75 doses in comparison with PCOS groups (p˂ 0. 001). Due to the decreasing effect of asafetida resin extract on LH and testosterone levels and increasing in FSH level in PCOS rat, it seemed that the asafetida had a therapeutic effect on patient with PCOS.

For evaluation and comparing effect of thyme, cinnamon and mixing of thyme plus cinnamon on growth indices, and lipid profile and abdominal fat, 180 broiler chicks divided into 3 groups by 3 replicates. All chickens reared under same condition and received 0. 5 percent thyme, cinnamon and thyme plus cinnamon on diet, continuously. Control chickens received no supplement on diet. The growth indices were recorded at end of each week. On 42 days old, chickens were slaughtered. The serum samples were prepared and abdominal fats were weighted. The abdominal fat to weight gain as percent were determined. The serum samples were prepared for assaying of triglycerid, total cholestrol, LDL, HDL and VLDL. Results showed that chickens received 0. 5 percent thyme and thyme plus cinnamon have higher weight gain and lower feed intake and feed conversion rate (FCR) significantly compared with control group and chickens received cinnamon. Furthermore, administration of 0. 5 percent thyme and thyme plus cinnamon can reduce abdominal fat percentage, triglycerid, total cholestrol, LDL and VLDL, and increase HDL, significantly. According to the results of this study, continuous consumpsion of 0. 5 percent of thyme and thyme plus cinnamon can improve growth indices and fat percentage in broiler chikens.

The ascites is a kind of metabolic disorder which occurs in broiler chickens and is controlled by different factors including genetics, environment and the management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lime powder in diet on the adverse effects of high salt consumption in broiler chickens. In this study, 90 one-day-old broiler chicks were kept in identical and controlled conditions for 6 days. On the 7th day of age, 80 chicks were selected and divided randomly into 4 groups with two replicates and 10 chicks in each replicate. Then, for the induction of experimental ascites, a volume of 0. 12 percent of sodium obtained from edible salt was added to the drinking water of 3 groups of chicks (groups 2, 3 and 4) and the other group (group 1) was considered as the negative control. The lime powder was added with concentrations of 1 and 2 percent to the diet of groups 3 and 4 from the 14th day of age. On the 21 day of age, 2 chicks were selected from each replicate and necropsied in order to evaluate the factors related to ascites syndrome. The amount of sodium was then increased to 0. 18 percent in the drinking water of group 2, 3 and 4. On 30 th days of age, 4 chicks were randomly selected from each replicate and necropsied to determine the ventricular weights, amount of hematocrit and the skin edema. The results showed that on day 30, the weight of right ventricle (RV) in treatment groups (groups 3 and 4) was significantly lower than the positive control group (group 2) (P=0. 004). The occurrence of histopathological lesions in the skin tissues of the lemon treated groups were lower than that of the positive control group. According to the results of this study the use of lime powder in the diet is effective in the recovery of ascites syndrome and decrease the skin edema in broiler chickens.

The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of Origanum vulgare and Salvia officinalis extracts on the lipid profile of broiler chickens with ascites syndrome. For this purpose, a total of 216day-old broiler chickens (Ross308) in a completely randomized design were divided in to six groups, each group contain 360 chicken (with 3 replicates and 12 chickens in each replicate). Experimental treatments consisted of: Group1 (control) received base ration. Group 2 received base ration plus 0. 1% Origanum vulgare extract, Group 3 received base ration plus 0. 2% Origanum vulgare extract, Group 4 received base ration plus 0. 05% vitamin C, Group 5 received base ration plus 0. 2% Salvia officinalis extract, Group 6 received base ration plus 0. 2% Salvia officinalis extract. At the end of experiment, blood samples were taken of all broilers and cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL were measured. The results of present study showed that cholesterol level in group that received 0. 1% Origanum vulgare extract was significantly decreased compared to the control group(P<0. 05). Also, we observed that HDL level in 0. 1% Origanum vulgare group was significantly higher than other groups. But no significant difference between experimental groups were observed (P>0. 05). No significant changes were observed in LDL level in the control and experimental groups (P>0. 05) Interestingly, TG level were significantly demonstrated to be higher in the all experimental groups compare to the control group. However, no significant difference was observed between the different experimental groups (P>0. 05). In general, the results of this study showed that the use of Origanum vulgare extract improved lipid profiles (decreasing in the levels of LDL, and increasing HDL level in group that received Origanum vulgare 0. 1%).

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of dietary protein on production and some blood parameters in Japanese quail. This experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 4 replicates and 16 adult Japanese quail in each replicate for 42 days. Treatments consisted of 5 dietary protein levels include the 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 percent, which were set in the basal diet of corn and soybeans meal. After 2 weeks of the experimental diets consumption, egg production rate, egg weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were measured and recorded weekly for 6 weeks. Every 2 weeks, 5 eggs were randomly selected from each replicate, and quality characteristics of eggs were evaluated. At the end of experiment, 2 birds from each replicate were selected randomly and blood collection was done for evaluation the blood parameters. The results showed that dietary protein levels had a significant effect on some productive and blood characteristics of Japanese quails including shell strength, albumen weight, albumen diameter, yolk weight, yolk height, as well as blood values of triglycerides and LDL (P<0. 05). The highest positive impact of dietary protein levels on egg shell strength, albumin weight and albumin diameter was observed in 22% of dietary protein (P<0. 05). The most egg yolk weight and yolk height were recorded in 24% of dietary protein. In conclusion, the use of 22 and 24% of protein in Japanese quail diet, is advisable because of higher productive performance.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation apple vinegar on parameters and performance of broilers. A total of 200 one-day old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were divided randomly to five groups with four replicates and 10 birds in each. All groups were fed with diets based on soy bean meal, corn and wheat. The treatments were including basal diet plus: 1-0% Vinegar (negative control), 2-0. 01 % Avilamycin (positive control) 3-0. 4% Vinegar 4-0. 8% Vinegar 5-1. 2% Vinegar. The amount of feed intake, body weight gain and feed efficiency were recorded and calculated weekly. At d 21 and d 42, two birds from each replicate were selected randomly for taking blood samples from wing vein. After the separation of serum of blood samples, the amount of Cho, Trig, HDL, LDL, Calcium and Phosphorous were measured. The result data showed that, Vinegar supplementation of feed decreased serum Cho, Trig, and LDL and increased HDL (P<0. 05). While there was no significant effect of apple crude Vinegar on Ca 2+ and P.