Payavard Salamat
Year:2020 | Volume:13 | Issue:5|Papers Count:8

Background and Aim: Given the increasing variety of biological drugs in the world and the significant role of these drugs in patients' quality of life, as well as the high risk of drug productions, biopharmaceutical companies need to revise their business model. The purpose of this study is to review the elements and components of biopharmaceutical companies. Materials and Methods: This is a comprehensive review and is based on the existing studies by searching valid databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, SID, Iran doc and Google Scholar from 2000 to 2019. All the searches were performed based on keywords such as “ Components of Business Model” , and “ Business Model of Biopharmaceutical Companies” . The initial search yielded 820 articles. After screening, 23 articles were selected for final study. Results: The overall elements of business model in biopharmaceutical companies are identical to other companies, but the components of the business model of these kinds of companies are various based on their performance, and the most important components include the value proposition, key resources, success factors, revenue stream and cost structure. Conclusion: Introducing the components of business model in this study can be adjusted based on the elements of business model and the characteristics of each biopharmaceutical company.

Background and Aim: Timely diagnosis and treatment of abnormal thyroid function can reduce the mortality associated with this disease. However, lack of timely diagnosis will have irreversible complications for the patient. Using data mining techniques, the aim of this study is to determine the status of the thyroid gland in terms of normality, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: Using supervised and unsupervised methods after data preprocessing, predictive modeling was performed to classify thyroid disease. This is an analytical study and its dataset contains 215 independent records based on 5 continuous features retrieved from the UCI machine learning data reference. Results: In supervised method, multilayer perception(MLP), learning vector quantization(LVQ), and fuzzy neural network(FNN) were used; and in unsupervised method, fuzzy clustering was employed. Besides, these precision figures(0. 055, 0. 274, 0. 012 and 1. 031) were obtained by root mean square error(RMSE) method, respectively. Conclusion: Reducing the diagnosis error of thyroid disease was one of the goals of researchers. Using data mining techniques can help reduce this error. In this study, thyroid disease was diagnosed by different pattern recognition methods. The results show that the fuzzy neural network(FNN) has the least error rate and the highest accuracy.

Background and Aim: A Library is a safe place to research and study for some students, but it creates anxiety for others. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the library anxiety among Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences(KUMS) residents in using information sources and electronic services based on five factors of Bostick scale. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional survey. The sample size was 197 persons who were selected using simple random sampling. 169 persons answered the questionnaire. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0. 809. The questionnaire consisted of 41 questions on a five-point Likert scale. The library anxiety questions were designed and localized based on the five factors of the Bostick scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation and analytical statistics by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS software. Results: The mean score of library anxiety was 78. 32 of 90 scale, the mean score of familiarity and usage was 32. 08 of 42 scale and 29. 54 of 51 scale respectively. Mechanical and emotional factors had the highest mean of library anxiety factors. Mean library anxiety was not significantly different between male and female residents(p>0. 05). There was a significant relationship between residents' library anxiety and their skills in using information resources and e-services. Conclusion: The results indicate a level of library anxiety among the assistants. Accepting this fact can be a positive step in solving the problems associated with the use of information and electronic resources.

Background and Aim: In today's complex work environment, organizations need a strong link between strategy and effective strategy execution. The purpose of this research was to integrate Balanced Scorecard model with Kaizen management to meet this need and increase innovation efficiency in organization and create sustainable competitive advantage. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive study in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection, and was performed in three stages. Two researcher-made questionnaires(validity and reliability of 0. 852) were used to perform this applied research in Shahroud hospitals. The first was to identify factors using the Delphi method by 16 experts and second was to confirm the indices, which were completed randomly by 829 hospital beneficiaries and analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis. Structural-interpretive model was used to determine the effect of indicators on each other. In order to determine the cause and effect relationships between the goals and the two models, Quality Function Deployment matrix was used by an expert opinion. Results: This study showed that in order to achieve the goals of learning development perspective in BSC model, one needs to use "mura" in Kaizen model. Also, to achieve internal process goals, the muri dimension must be used, to achieve the financial perspective objectives of the "deletion"(muda), and for the customer perspective goals, the"mura" dimension must be applied. Conclusion: Integration of BSC and Kaizen models can provide a suitable framework for continuous improvement of performance, because it had a successful Performance in Shahroud hospitals, this research has shown that it seeks continuous improvement and increased productivity in the hospital.

Background and Aim: Nowadays, the application of Information and Communication Technology is becoming increasingly prevalent in our daily lives, and especially in organizations. One of these phenomena is employees' use of the organization's Internet for personal purposes during work hours, which is referred to as cyberloafing. One of the important organizational variables that can strongly be influenced by this technology is the level of entrepreneurship in the organization. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the relationship between cyberloafing and organizational entrepreneurship(OE) in Babolsar Healthcare and Treatment Network(HTN). Materials and Methods: The present research is an applied study. The statistical population of the study includes all employees of Babolsar HTN. Using simple random sampling, 165 employees were selected as sample. In this study, standard questionnaires were used to measure cyberloafing and OE. Finally, the data were analyzed by using SPSS and LISREL softwares. Results: The findings of this study showed that there was a significant and inverse relationship between OE and cyberloafing(P<0/001). There was also a significant inverse correlation between organizational entrepreneurship and cyberloafing in structural equation modeling test. On the other hand, the values of the fit indices were RMSEA=0. 022, NFI=0. 96, GFI=0. 97 and χ 2/df=1. 07, that all indicate the suitability of the model. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that cyberloafing phenomenon in Babolsar HTN had an adverse effect on OE. Based on these results, it is suggested that HTN managers teach their employees how to use cyperloafing effectively.

Background and Aim: Pelvic floor disorders are a common disease which, with varying degrees of severity, disrupts daily life and also decreases the quality of life of the individual. This disease can be cured by lifestyle modifications and self-care education; on the other hand, smartphones have become a good platform for health services and therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study was to identify information and educational components for the self-care application of women with pelvic floor disorders. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed in Yas hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. According to Morgan table, 30 gynecologists who were randomly selected were included in the study. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire which its validity and reliability were confirmed(α =0. 85) and its content was provided by reviewing the scientific sources. Results: The results of the analyzes showed that from the experts’ point of view the interventional section including reminders, daily activities diaries and targeting with an average score of 4. 14 has been of great importance. Since then, the applied and self-care section with an average score of 4. 364 is ranked second in priority. Conclusion: According to a survey by experts who play a major role in the management of the disease, the essential components of this application were identified in three main sections which consists of: electronic records, the interventional section and the practical and self-care and their subsections.

Background and Aim: Due to the presence of ionizing radiation sources in the environment and their potential to enter the food chain, the natural radiation in the rice product of Mahmoud Abad residents of this area should be evaluated. Materials and Methods: Using standard sampling methods, the number of sampling points and locations (about 10 points) was determined. After recording the geographical location of the sites, 2 kg of soil and 2 kg of rice were removed and 20 samples were coded. 950 g of soil and rice were milled and transferred to standard Marinelli dishes with 50 mesh. The samples were completely sealed and after about one month, they were visualized with ultra-pure germanium detectors( HPGe). Subsequently, specific radionuclide radiosensitivity in soil and rice soil samples, radionuclide transfer factors from soil to rice, annual effective dose and risk of cancer due to rice consumption were measured. Results: Effective total dose of nuclei studied in #value, lifetime cancer risk of 238U from #value to 0. 00019, 226Ra from #value to 0. 00008, 235U #value, 232Th from #value to 0. 00027, 40K From 0. 00014 to 0. 00082 and finally it was zero for cesium. Conclusion: There is no harmful effect on the people of the region regarding the radionuclides of rice.

Background and Aim: Transmission of pathogenic bacteria from animals to humans is possible directly or through the consumption of meat and milk or their products. The aim of this study was to identify and diagnose Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli(E. coli) by molecular method in cows' milk in Boroujerd city. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 150 milk samples were sampled from dairy farms in Boroujerd and its suburbs in four months from the beginning of November 2016 until the end of February 2017. After enrichment, culturing and biochemical tests on EMB agar and IMVIC differential tests, and doing linear culture on Sorbitol McConkey Agar medium to identify negative sorbitol isolates and confirm them by serological testing and eaeA gene identification, milk samples were analyzed by PCR test. Results: Out of 31 isolates of Escherichia coli species, 6 were isolated as negative sorbitol(19. 4%). Of these six isolates, five(16. 1%) were identified as negative beta-galactosidase(MUG-) on chrome agar medium. In serological test, all 5 isolates were confirmed by O157: H7 antiserum antibody; besides, in molecular analysis, they had eaeA gene. Conclusion: The outbreak of 16. 1% of enterohemorrhagic E. coli in milk can be of great importance as one of the factors causing diarrhea in the community. Therefore, the outbreaks of consumption of this foodstuff in areas of the country that traditionally still put raw milk in food basket can provide valuable results for the prevention of diarrheal diseases.