Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2020 | Volume:26 | Issue:6|Papers Count:18

Introduction: Obesity is prevalent in the Middle East and its resulted handicaps are the main nutritional and health issues. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between insecurity with body mass index in Urmia. Methods: In this study, 453 female students were selected by multi-stage sampling. Anthropometric indices including height, weight and waist circumference were measured using standard methods and calibrated instruments. Food insecurity was determined using a Radiometer/ Cornell questionnaire. Results: Regarding food security, there was no significant difference between obese and normal weight subjects. Food security (P = 0. 04) were directly related to underweight. In the multiple logistic regression model food insecurity had inverse association with it (OR = 0. 642, 85% CI (0. 48 – 0. 68), P = 0. 033). Conclusion: The results of this study show that food security was associated with an increased risk of underweight.

Introduction: In living systems, biological damage occurs due to irradiation at three levels including molecular, cellular, and organic levels. Ionizing radiation modifies the molecular structure of the cell and ultimately disrupts its function. Brachytherapy by the Gamma Iridium-192 source is one of the most widely used radiotherapy methods in cervical and prostate cancer. For this reason, in the research, we investigated the damage to the DNA molecule by photons and secondary electrons of the source at different distances, and then we obtained the dose rates in the defined dimensions of DNA. Methods: The MCDS code is a software to simulate DNA damage after exposure to ionizing radiation. In this work, using the MCNPX code, we calculated the flux and photon dose and secondary electrons from iradium-192 Brachytherapy, in approximate dimensions of DNA in a water phantom. Then, using the electron flux obtained, through the MCDS code, we investigated the efficiency of DNA breaks at different distances from the source. Results & Conclusions: The simulations indicated that DNA damage is different at various distances from the source and it depends on the number of secondary electrons reaching that region as well as its energy. With increasing the distance from the source, the values of the probability distribution function of DNA single-strand and two-strand breaks diminish. It was also observed that these values had peaks at distances of 0. 04 and 2. 5 cm from the source, where the maximum probability of single-strand break at those distances was 8. 06% and 3. 9%, respectively, and the maximum probability of the two-strand break at those distances was 0. 54% and 0. 11%, respectively. It is notable that the dose reaching the DNA at these distances was 27. 202 and 0. 005 𝑚 𝐺 𝑦 ℎ , respectively.

Introduction: Rosemary leaf extract, as a medicinal plant, can stimulate stem cells proliferation. Human adipose stem cells (HASCs) are readily available and less harmful accessibility with high therapeutic application. Methods: In this study, fat tissue was isolated from Caesarean women at Damgan Hospital. After mechanical and enzymatic digestion, extracted cells were cultured in α – MEM containing 10% FBS. Stemness of HASCs was confirmed by flow cytometry and their differentiation potential. The survival rate, proliferation and neurotrophins genes expression of cells treated with 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 μ g/ml concentrations of Rosemary extract containing 40% of carnosic acid for 24 and 48h were evaluated using hoemocytometry, MTT and PCR assays. Results: Cultured HASCs showed spindle and fibroblastic shapes under microscopic study. They expressed positive response to CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and negative response to CD34 and CD45markers and differentiated into adipocytes and osteocytes. The proliferation rate and survival of cells treated with Rosemary at a concentration of 50 μ g/ml for 48 h were increased significantly as compared to cultured cells in medium without Rosemary, containing serum. Conclusion: Rosemary extract could be used as a serum supplement to prepare more suitable cells for transplantation.

Introduction: Anxiety is a kind of natural feeling experienced in threatening situations and can affect the physiology of the nervous system. One of the ways to cope and treatment of staff anxiety can be the use of brewed medicinal plants. The aim of this study is the effectiveness of Melissa officinalis and Lavandula angustifolia in Anxiety of Sabzevar” s Oil Company Employees. Methods: 45 individuals (6 females and 39 males aged 30-45 years) with high anxiety were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 persons. The first 15 person Lemon balm (5 drops of concentrated extract made by Zardband Pharmaceutical Company) and the second 15 person Lavender(5 drops of concentrated extract made by Zardband Pharmaceutical Company) orally administered. There were 15 subjects in the control group who did not take any medication. The experimental group received 5 drops of the extract of these two medicinal plants twice daily for 5 days. All three experimental groups (Lemon balm and lavender) and control were evaluated in two stages of pre-test and post-test by Beck Anxiety Test to determine anxiety level. Results: The findings of the present study showed that both lemon and lavender herbs reduce staff anxiety (p <0. 05). Also, the medicinal effect of lavender was more effective in reducing anxiety than lemon balm (p <0. 001). Conclusion: Two herbs of lemon and lavender, in addition to their medicinal properties, can be effective in reducing anxiety.

Nowadays, quality of life is largely associated with social capital and its components such as groups and networks, trust and solidarity, collective action and social cohesion, the present research was conducted to investigate the Relationship of social capital and quality of life in the Iranian population. The following databases were searched in both English and Persian languages: PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, SID, Iran medex, Magiran, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EBSCO and Scopus. Search terms included: social capital, quality of life, Iran. Articles were included if the published between 2010 and 2017. An investigation of 209 articles initially led to the selection of 20 articles which met the inclusion criteria. The sample size ranged from 140 to 20, 670. In rural communities, cooperation, integration and social participation had the highest impact on the quality of life. Among university students, social relations showed to significant and positive relation with quality of life. Among the elderly, integration and unity showed to be strongly correlated whereas social trust showed a weak correlation with the quality of life. Social capital is a good predictor of the quality of life in different social classes. Paving the way for the growth of group work in voluntary forums, expansion of interpersonal relations, establishment of public and private organizations, more participation of people and expanding the culture of trust among people can promote the quality of life and social capital.

Introduction: Oppositional Defiant Disorder a common and debilitating disorder in children is associated with high levels of attention problems and communication difficulties, The complex nature of this disorder requires the investigation and application of new therapies, including mindfulness. The present study was conducted with the aim of studying the effect of cognitive-mindedness-based therapy on executive function and reducing symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in children was conducted. Methods: The research method is a semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population consisted of all male students withOppositional Defiant disorder aged 11-15 year-old in Gorgan city in 1396, Out of which 30 of them were selected using available sampling method and then randomly assigned to two groups (15 people) and control group (15). The research tool includes the Child Health Inventory(CSI-4) Parent Formand Neuropsychological Questionnaire. The experimental group was trained in 8 sessions of 90 minutes in group. The data were analyzed after the completion of the sessions using single-variable and multi-variable covariance analysis. Results: The results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on in reducing symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in students. Also, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in Improvementthe executive function and the subscales of decision making, organization and dispossession of students with oppositional defiant disorder. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is effective on Improvement the executive function and reducing the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder.

Introduction: In recent years exposure to traumatic events has been described as one of the most effective and determinant factors in people's attitude (especially young adults) towards high-risk behaviors. Because high-risk behaviors are among the high-risk behaviors that can cause irreparable damage to both the individual and the community, studying the determinants and related variables is important. The purpose of this study was investigating the relationship between sexual risk behaviors related to HIV and exposure to traumatic events in people with substance use. Methods: This study was cross-sectional /correlational that was conducted on 200 substance users. These people admitted to addiction treatment and recovery centers in Shiraz that were selected by convenient sampling. The data collection tool was HIV Risky Behavior Scale (HRBS) and Life Events Checklist (LEC). Data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression. Results: The results showed that all dimensions of exposure to traumatic events have a significant positive relationship with risky sexual behavior (p<0/01). Among other subscales of exposure to traumatic events Injuries and rape/violation were predictors of risky sexual behavior. Conclusion: Exposure to traumatic events predicts risky sexual behavior in substance users. Exposure to potentially traumatic events lead to more vulnerable to risky sexual behavior and this result will be useful in designing interventions to reduce risky sexual behavior.

Introduction: Although studies have examined the relationship between depression and self-efficacy with decision making, but the role of these factors has not been considered in choosing the type of decision making style. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role of depression and self-efficacy in predicting the decision making styles among adolescents. Methods: This research was a type of correlation. The statistical population of the study consisted of every high schools students in Lorestan province, Iran. 300 adolescents [155 boys, 145 girls] were selected through multiple cluster sampling method. The data were collected through Scott and Bruce decision making styles questionnaire (DMSQ), Kovacs and Beck children's depression inventory (CDI) and Muris self-efficacy questionnaire-children (SEQ-S). The obtained data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results: The results of regression analysis indicated that the components of the depression and self-efficacy significantly predicted 32. 5%, 29. 9%, 3. 5%, 17. 2% and 9. 5% of the variance of rational, intuitive, dependent, avoidance and spontaneous, respectively (p <0. 001). Conclusion: This study emphasized on the importance of depression and self-efficacy in predicting decision-making styles. Therefore, paying attention to the factors of depression and self-efficacy in treatment and preventive programs of adolescents can be a good way to support them in confronting their life choices.

Introduction: Universities research laboratories play an important role in promoting higher education. Factors such as the presence of various types of flammable chemicals, and a variety of laboratory activities have turned the issue of fire safety into one of the main safety challenges in the lab. Fire prevention is important to protect the safety of people in laboratories and adjacent units. This study was conducted to evaluate the risk of fire at the University of Medical Sciences Laboratories. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, risk assessment method of FRAME was used. The data was collected using a checklist and the data from the checklist was entered into the FRAME computational program. After calculating the fire risk of the building and the contents, individuals and activities, then the labs were ranked according to the level of risk. In addition to determining the efficiency of existing facilities and protection for high risk labs and lacking adequate protection system was proposed a suitable fire system. Results: In according to the level of risk are gained, the effectiveness of existing protective measures provides only adequate protection for 35% of activities and 37% of buildings. However, considering the calculated risk for individuals, no adequate protection for individuals is provided in any laboratory. Fire safety training is mandatory for employees. Conclusion: Considering the high risk of fire risk for individuals in all laboratories and the importance of the safety of individuals, it is recommended that appropriate management measures be taken to reduce safety risks to safety priorities.

Introduction: Work alienation is related with negative consequences on the employees and the organization’ s efficiency. Considering the role of nurses in the healthcare system main purpose of this study was to study the relationship between perceptions of job characteristics and organizational support with job alienation among nurses Working in hospitals affiliated with the Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study was Analytical descriptive (Cross-sectional) in 2018. The population were 181 Nurses in hospitals in Sabzevar who were selected by cluster sampling. We used three instruments in this study, Job Characteristics (Hackman & Oldham), Organizational support (Eisenberger et al) and Jab Alienation (Boeree). Information analyzed by Descriptive and inferential statistics includes linear regression and variance analysis by SPSS 21. Results: Mean and standard deviations scores Job Characteristics were 60/73 ± 1/61, Motivational Potential Score 9/2 ± 4/25, Organizational support 61 ± 8/52, Job alienation 96/88 ± 1/73. Also based on the results of regression analysis, there is a relationship between perception of Job characteristics and organizational support with Job alienation (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The results showed that there is a meaningful and reverse relationship between Job Characteristics and Organizational support with Jab Alienation, The variables of job characteristics show a greater variation of the job alienation. Therefore, it is suggested a qualitative study to explain the various characteristics of the nursing profession in order to provide ways to enrich the components of the job characteristics.

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases is the most influential and many restrictions on patients' experiences can create. This study aimed to compare the effect of patient-centered quality of life in patients with type2diabetes were Family-centered. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial of 75 type II diabetic patients who referred to Qaen Diabetes Clinic in order to investigate the effect of family-centered education on the quality of life of diabetic patients. training of family-centered empowerment modelbased groups. The instrument of this study was standard quality of life questionnaire) SF-36(. This research was done pre and posttest. data analysis using SPSS22statistical software and statistical tests were performed t test and Kruskal. Results: Between Dimensions (general health, physical functioning, social functioning, emotional problems, vitality, physical problems) as well as the total score quality of life in all patients there was a significant difference between before and after the intervention. (P=0/000) as well as in quality of life scores between the three groups of family-centered (P=0/000), the axis (P=0/000), controls (P=0/000), there is a significant difference before and after the intervention. Conclusion: family-oriented education as well as individual-oriented education can be effectively the quality of life of diabetes patients from this should improve to maintain and improve the quality of life for the diabetics patients from family members as a member of the team will be used as treatment.

Introduction: Depression is of paramount importance to people with chronic internal diseases. One of these diseases is type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression in diabetic patients. Methods: This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was performed on 384 diabetic patients. These subjects were selected randomly from among all type 2 diabetic patients referring to the diabetes clinic in the winter of 2016. Data was collected using questionnaire containing general information and 21 questions for depression diagnosis. A score above 16 is indicative of depression symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed by SSPS software )version 9( with non-parametric Chi-square index. Results: The results of the prevalence of depression among 108 male and 276 female diabetic patients showed that 25 Percent of men and 75 Percent of women were depressed. The results of examining the variables of gender, age, family size, marital status, educational level, occupation, income, and duration of disease diagnosis in depression showed that depression in men and women significantly depends on the aforementioned factors. With the values of (p=0/02, p=0/001, p= 0/006, p=0/001, p=0/001, p=0/001, p=0/001), respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of depression and the age of the patients (p=0/4). Conclusion: Depression is very common in diabetic patients, so psychiatric counseling is recommended to treat depression in diabetics.

Introduction: Gender dysphoric disorder is a complex clinical condition that these kinds of psychological disorders, major problems and consequences of traumatic patients, their families and society. In order to better understand the gender dysphoric disorder, the main goal of The purpose of this study was to determine the difference social anxiety, suicidal ideation and social support between people with transsexual has done gender reassignment and has not do gender reassignment. Methods: This is a causal-comparative study. The statistical population included all members of the transsexual has done gender reassignment and has not do gender reassignment Association for the Support of Iranian Nursing Patients in the first six months of 2018 in Tehran. (N = 249). 60 subjects (30 transsexuals have changed gender and 30 has not changed gender) were selected in an accessible method and completed the Conner social anxiety Inventory, Beck Suicidal Thoughts, and Sherburne & Stewart Social Support. Data were analyzed by multivariate of variance analysis using SPSS version 24 at the level of 0. 05. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between people with transsexual has done gender reassignment and has not do gender reassignment in terms of social anxiety, suicidal thoughts and social support (p≤ 0. 01). In this way, transsexual has done gender reassignment gained higher scores in social support and transsexual has not do gender reassignment have higher scores in social anxiety and suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that transsexual has done gender reassignment group are more likely to seek social support, but, social anxiety and cognitive anxiety are higher in transsexual has not do gender reassignment group.

Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome is a collection of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms. This syndrome reduces the quality of life. Quality of life is a major measure in medical and health care. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Nigella sativa seeds capsules on the quality of life of students with premenstrual syndrome. Methods: Double blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 84 students with symptoms of premenstrual syndrome residing in girls' dormitories in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 1396. The subjects were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 1500 mg of Nigella sativa seeds Capsule daily from 7 days before the onset of menstrual bleeding to the first 3 days of menstrual bleeding for 2 cycles, and the placebo group received similar capsules containing the same ratio of lactose and starch in the same conditions. Quality of life with SF-12 questionnaire and severity of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome with COPE questionnaire were compared to the end of the second month of interventiontwo with before intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 and Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, Independent T-test and paired T-test. The significance level was considered as p<0. 05. Results: In this study, improving the quality of life of students with premenstrual syndrome in all aspects, especially in physical function, physical pain and mental health, at the end of the second month, the consumption of Nigella sativa seeds Capsule in the intervention group was significantly higher than the placebo group (p<0/001). Conclusion: The Nigella sativa seeds Capsule is effective in improving the quality of life of students with premenstrual syndrome.

Introduction: Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma genitalium are the most important opportunistic pathogens in the female reproductive system and the causative agent of the pelvic infection, non-gonococcal urethritis, abortion and infertility. The aim of this study was to the survey of contamination with genital mycoplasma among infertile women with bacterial vaginalis by PCR method in Kerman. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the endo cervical swab sample from 60 women with vaginal infection (vaginitis and cervicitis) referred to the diagnostic laboratories of infertility treatment centers in Kerman in 2013 was prepared. The specimens were transferred to the laboratory in the transport medium and the DNA extracted from the specimens was analyzed as a template for amplification of the 16S rRNA encoding gene in the PCR reaction. Data were analyzed by SPSS V. 21 software. Results: Among 60 samples, 38% (23 sample) of the samples had mycoplasma contamination and Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma genitalium bacteria were found in 8 sample (13. 32%) and 7 sample (11. 6%) of patients, respectively. Conclusion: Considering the potential effects of mycoplasmas on the complications of infection in maternal pregnancies and infant mortality, Therefore, the need for rapid diagnosis of this infection is felt more than ever. From the two microbial agents studied in this study, the possibility of infertility caused by infection with Ureaplasma urealyticum increased significantly, but more studies are needed.

Introduction: The industrial development and population growth resulted in releasing the emerging contaminants into the natural water resources. Therefore, in this study the adsorption potential of NH4Clinduced activated carbon (NAC) was investigated to remove antibiotic sulfanilamide from the contaminated water. Methods: The effect of operational conditions including solution pH, NAC concentration, sulfanilamide initial concentration and contact time on the adsorption performance was studied. Results: NAC and SAC had specific surface area of 1029 and 1024 m2/g, and mean pore volume of 2. 64 and 2. 23 nm, respectively. With increasing the NAC concentration to 1 g/L, sulfanilamide adsorption efficiency increased to 84. 4% within 40 min. Then the adsorption slightly increased with the increase in the contact time to 120 min and reached to its maximum level of 99. 2%. The maximum adsorption percentage of sulfanilamide onto SAC under similar conditions reached to 49. 2%. The kinetics analysis showed that experimental adsorption data for both NAC and SAC were best fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption capacity of sulfanilamide onto NAC and SAC, calculated by the Langmuir model, was 238. 1 and 87. 7 mg/g, respectively. Conclusion: Generally, the findings of the present study showed that NAC was an efficient adsorbent with high removal efficiency for eliminating the antibiotics from the contaminated water streams.

Introduction: In the present century, critical thinking has been considered as one of the most important educational goals that should be addressed by teachers, teachers and learners in the learning process. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between academic engagement, goal orientation and its components with critical thinking in medical students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The population of this study included all medical students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in 2018 was 520 people. A total of 221 people were selected based on Cochran formula and systematic random sampling. The required data were collected using standard questionnaires of critical thinking, academic engagement and goal orientation. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and regression analysis with using SPSS20. Results: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between academic engagement, mastery-approach goals and performance-approach goals with critical thinking (p <0. 001), but the mastery-avoidance goals and performance-avoidance goals had a negative and significant relationship with critical thinking (p <0. 001). Also, academic engagement, orientation of orientation skills, orientation of orientation, orbit avoidance skills, and avoidance circuit orientation were able to explain the changes in students' critical thinking (p <0. 001). Conclusion: According to findings can be concluded that, academic engagement and goal orientation were plays a role in students' critical thinking.

Introduction: Responsiveness is one of the main goals of the health system, which reflects the patient's experience of providing services that they receive during the care period. Awareness of the importance of different aspects of patient responsiveness can help to better resources allocation and develop appropriate strategies for management. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the most important aspectsns of responsiveness from the point of view of referring to Sabzevar health centers. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on persons referred to 10 health centers in Sabzevar city in 2017. six centers were selected Cluster Random Sampling and 40 persons were randomly questioned from each center. Data were collected using the World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical indices in SPSS21 software. Results: In general, all of the different dimensions of responsiveness were very important except dimension of independence from the point of view of referring to Sabzevar health centers. The most important dimension was the right to choose (98. 3%) and the low important dimension was the independence (72. 9%). Although there was no significant relationship between the importance of general responsiveness and demographic variables, there was a significant relationship between gender and respect for dignity (p=0. 05). Conclusion: Given the results of the study and the nature of the public health centers, attention to the priorities of the recipients of servicese specially Autonomy in the field of responsiveness can be a good guide for allocating more resources and increasing the satisfaction of the recipients of the service.