Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
Year:2019 | Volume:26 | Issue:3|Papers Count:10

Background: Adapting controlled release technologies to the delivery of DNA has the great potential to overcome extracellular barriers that limit gene delivery. This study investigates the effect of different mass ratio of PLA: PEG in the various tri block poly (lactic acid)-poly (ethylene glycol)-Poly (lactic acid) copolymer (PLA-PEG-PLA) on the properties of the resulting nanoparticles. Methods: The various tri block PLA-PEG-PLA copolymers were prepared via ring-opening polymerization by poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), lactic acid and stannous octoate as raw material and catalyst, respectively. DNA or siRNA-FAM was incorporated into the tree block PLA-PEG-PLA copolymer using double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Properties of these nanoparticles, such as morphology and particles size of nanoparticles, DNA release kinetics, in vitro cytotoxicity and siRNA-FAM transfer efficiency were evaluated. Results: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that PLA-PEG-PLA/DNA nanoparticles have spherical morphology with smooth surface. Dynamic light scattering results showed the particle size of PLA– PEG-PLA copolymers increased with an increase in the mass ratio of PLA in PLA-PEG-PLA copolymers. The release profile of the PLA-PEG-PLA/DNA nanoparticles measured using nanodrop and the results showed that, decrease in mass ratio of PLA, increased the release profile of DNA from PLA-PEG-PLA/DNA nanoparticles. Moreover the percentage of siRNA-FAM transfer to MCF-7 cells by various PLA-PEG-PLA copolymers, measuring using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Conclusion: These results showed that there is same relation between the mass ratio of PLA and percentage of siRNA-FAM delivery into the MCF-7 cells.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the major causes of illness and mortality among women. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have important role in tumor development and progression. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a lncRNA that deregulates in several cancers, however, its value in the diagnosis of breast cancer is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the MALAT1 expression levels in breast tumor tissue, its association with tumor clinical featuresand its diagnostic value as a biomarker in breast cancer. Methods: In this study, the expression level of MALAT1 was measured in 31 breast tumor tissues and 31 adjacent normal tissues by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The MALAT1 expression alteration between the tumor and normal tissues and its association with clinical characteristics were analyzed with t-test and one-way ANOVA, respectively. The MALAT1 role as a biomarker was investigated by ROC curve. Results: MALAT1 expression level in tumor tissues to adjacent normal tissues showed a significant decrement of 2. 87 times (fold change= 0. 348, p<0. 001). Also, there was a positive and significant correlation between MALAT1 expression and patientchr('39')s age and tumor invasive features (p <0. 05). The ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve was significant and equal to 0. 773. The sensitivity and specificity of MALAT1 as biomarker were 71. 43 and 91. 67, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the MALAT1 has a significant reduction in breast cancer and can act as a biomarker in diagnosing patients from healthy individuals.

Background: Marital satisfaction is one of the most important factors in the stability of the family. In the recent years, by changing the pattern of marriage we can see the increase of marriages in which the women are older than men. The aim of this study is assessing the marital satisfaction in older woman-younger man marriages. Methods: In this descriptive study, 52 couples from Najaf-Abad, Isfahan, Iran were considered. Data were collected using the Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-squaare and t test. Results: The results showed that, there was no significant difference in marital satisfaction based on the personality issues, communication, conflict resolution, financial management, leisure activities, sexual relationship, children and marriage, family and friends, religious orientation and total marriage satisfaction. Conclusion: Based on the results, older-woman younger-man marriage is not a significant factor on the marital satisfaction. So, there is no prohibition of marriage for the couples which have the same characteristics (woman is 2. 5 yrs older than man). However, due to the culture of the Iranian community, the couples must act knowingly to perform such marriages.

Background: Chromosomal aberrations can be one of the causes of fertility problems, including infertility or frequent abortions. Identification of chromosomal aberrations by clinical diagnostic techniques has been primarily performed through standard karyotyping. In this screening, the prevalence of these disorders were checking in individuals with fertility problems from west population of Iran. Methods: A prospective cytogenetic study was conducted on 200 cases (124 women (28. 1± 5) and 76(30. 7± 5) men with fertility problems and age average 30. 81± 5 for chromosomal abnormalities using routine karyotyping. Results: Types of chromosomal anomalies were observed in 62(31%) individuals (35 and 27 patients with RPL and infertility, respectively). Among the chromosomal aberrations, the prevalence of translocations, deletions, inversions, duplications and insertions were 40. 32% (25), 22. 6% (14), 17. 74% (11), 9. 7% (6) and 9. 7% (6), respectively. The most abnormal disorder was belonging to chromosomal displacement or translocation (40. 32%). Conclusion: The high prevalence of chromosomal abnormality (31%) in population studied was shown genetic counseling should be providing to the family members to explain the recurrence risk as well as the need for prenatal diagnosis in subsequent pregnancies and management of patients by collected data bank.

One of the main problems in many diseases is pain which has soc ial, psychological and physical symptoms on patients. Due to the side effects of analgesic drugs, new effective compounds to reduce pain are needed. Ionic channels, acetylcholine and gamma aminobutyric acid receptors and molecules such as nitric oxide are involved in pain paths. Animal venoms contain small molecules with various pharmaceutical and analgesic properties. Anti-pain peptides isolated from the scorpions, snakes, spiders and cone snails may block channels and molecules involved in pain pathways. This article reviewed animal venoms and their use in pain treatment learning of nursing students as well as accepting responsibility professionals in medical sciences.

Background: Life style is composed of a chain of active parameters in all dimensions of human life and one of the most important health criteria moderated when life style has been changed. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the lifestyle of patients with hypertension who referred to heart clinics. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study 67 patients with hypertension who referred to heart clinics affiliated to Islamic Azad university of Mashhad were selected based on random convenience sampling. Primary data gathering tool was health promoting Lifestyle profile. BP ≥ 90/140 was considered as hypertensive. The data were analyzed throught SPSS software v. 22. Results: In this research various aspects of the lifestyle of patients, including nutrition, health responsibility, physical activity, spiritual growth, interpersonal communication and control of stress were evaluated. Average scores on different aspects of lifestyle patients were undesirable. Score of health responsibility in women was significantly greater than men (p> 0. 05). Results indicated significant relationship between age and total score of health behaviors (p> 0. 05). Conclusion: Undesirable physical activity, stress, low levels of health responsibility are among the factors influencing the incidence of hypertension. Implementing ongoing intervention programs by official bodies to change individual behaviors and lifestyle seems to be required.

Background: High blood pressure is a threat to the health of individuals, especially women. In order to overcome this threat, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on blood pressure and Nitric oxide and Apelin levels in women with pre-hypertension. Methods: For this purpose, 24 women with pre-hypertension aged from 30 to 45 years old were randomly divided into two groups of exercise and control. The training group performed three resistance training sessions per week for eight weeks. One day before and 48 hours after the last session of the training, blood sampling was taken from the subjects. The changes of Apelin and Nitric oxide levels were measured by Elisa method. Paired t-test and independent t-test were used for within and between groups comparisons, respectively (p<0. 05). Results: The results showed that Apelin and Nitric oxide levels increased significantly (p <0. 001) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly (p <0. 001) in the training group. However, no significant changes were observed in the control group. Conclusion: Performing an eight-week moderate-intensity resistance training program can reduce the levels of blood pressure, apelin, and Nitric oxide in women with pre-hypertension.

Background: Psychological well-being is considered as one of the important factors in the development of personal and social development in research literature, and is influenced by various factors such as the personality characteristics and mindfulness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological well-being students and personality characteristics considering the mediating role of mindfulness in the form of a causal model. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational research. Statistical population of this research is the Mohaghegh Ardebil University students, among whom 440 were selected by multistage cluster sampling. For data collection, questionnaire of Ryff’ s psychological well-being scale (1989), Neochr('39')s personality questionnaires (1985) and Braun and Ryanchr('39')s mindfulness (2003) were used. Data were analyzed through SPSS v. 24 and Amose v. 20 using Pearson correlation and path analysis. Results: The results showed that the indirect path coefficients among the extroversion personality characteristics (p =011, β = 0. 31), conscientiousness (p =047, β = 0. 22), openness (p =028, β = 0. 11) and neuroticism (p =000, β =-0. 19), with psychological well-being are significant. The proposed model also had a good fit (GFI= 0. 92, AGFI= 0. 91, CFI = 0. 94, RMSEA = 0. 07, X2/df = 2/61) and the results supported the mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between the personality traits and psychological well-being of the students. Conclusion: The findings indicated that the personality traits are directly related with the intermediary of the mindfulness with psychological well-being. Therefore, in order to increase psychological well-being in students, intervention in the personality traits and mindfulness can be important.

Background: Acute gastroenteritis is the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Rotavirus is the most common viral cause of acute diarrhea in pediatric patients. The aims of this study were to evaluating the prevalence of Rotavirus in acute gastroenteritis in Isfahan among children under 3 years regarding their age, gender and seasonal distribution of Rotavirus; and to provide useful epidemiological and clinical data. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on fecal specimens and clinical data collected from 75 children under 3 years of age with acute diarrhea at the central pediatric hospital of Imam Hussein, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences between February 2016 and January 2017. All samples tested for rotavirus by ELISA method. Results: Of the 75 stool samples 33. 3% specimens were positive for Rotavirus. 32% cases were detected in 1-2 years old category (p<0. 05). About 40% were females and 60%, males (p>0. 05). Infection by rotavirus has a major peak in winter (February month) so that 60% were positive in the winter (p<0. 05). After clinical analysis it was shown that all of the signs were belonged to gastrointestinal infection group (p<0. 05). These major manifestations are diarrhea (100%), vomiting (93%), fever (82%), abdominal pain (79%) and dehydration (65%). Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of this study showed that rotavirus was the important pathogen in childhood diarrhea in Isfahan, Iran. The common clinical symptoms were fever, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and dehydration. Controlling the desiease is essencial for the financial burden of children healthcare.

Upper genital tract infection causes inflammation in multiple organs such as endometrium, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and pelvic peritoneum. This type of disease is caused due to infection with cervical pathogens, such as Neisseria gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, bacterial vaginosis pathogens, and respiratory pathogens. The pathogens which involve the respiratory system and cervix are streptococci type A and enteric pathogens. The primary goal of this study is reviewing reasons for having cervicitis and upper genital tract infection by discussing the appropriate treatments. Pelvic Inflammatory disease is one of the major topics of this field which needs a review since it engenders multiple disorders such as chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. Moreover, even by performing a treatment, there is a good chance of seeing sequela and scar in the fallopian tube in such patients. It should be noted that although recent progress in detecting/treatment of the infection during the early stages, infertility caused by PID is a major concern for health system. Additionally, subclinical PID remains poorly controlled, which needs more attention. In developing country Prevention programs, such as chlamydia screening or vaccination, should be developed to mitigate the infection problems.