STRATEGIC STUDIES OF PUBLIC POLICY (STRATEGIC STUDIES OF GLOBALIZATION JOURNAL)
Year:2021 | Volume:10 | Issue:37|Papers Count:17

The Islamic Republic of Iran’ s Broadcasting (IRIB) is the main and most official mass media in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Thus, it has a special position, and it is necessary to monitor the proper and transcendent measures of this institution. According to the constitution, an external oversight mechanism has been established for it, focusing on the Broadcasting Supervisory Council (BSC) of the IRIB. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the perfor-mance of the BSC. This research aimed to discover issues and disadvantages related to the performance of the BSC. For this purpose, we conducted a thematic analysis of 13 interviews with the relevant experts. Eventually, 5 integrated codes representing the issues and risks of the council have been formulated. These codes included the following: council legal problems; structural and financial weakness of the council; supervisory issues; weakness of council members, as well as legal problems and complexity in IRIB.

Globalization has altered numerous aspects of social life. There exists growing importance of the teaching profession in the accumulation of capital forms in today’ s competitive world; thus, government policies to empower teachers in the context of globalization are crucial. However, studies revealed that many countries were unsuccessful in formulating and implementing efficient and effective teacher education policies. The present research aimed to examine the requirements of teacher education policy in the age of globalization. We mainly addressed the requirements for the teacher education policy agenda to interact wisely with globalization. The current study attempted to provide a comprehensive and holistic conceptual model concerning the requirements of teacher education policy in the age of globalization. Accordingly, we described the nature of globalization and analyzed its effects on the teaching profession. Based on the obtained findings, it is necessary for decision-makers in the field of teacher training to plan and implement strategies per the implications of international policy. They should also consider establishing centralized policies on the agenda, including taking advantage of the opportunities and benefits of globalization; the management threats and challenges of globalization; modernizing the teacher education system based on international development, and the professional and world-level empowerment of teaching students.

Employee productivity is a function of the performance of managers in the organization and human resource management activities in particular. A set of coordinated human resource management activities can enhance employee attitudes and behaviors. It seems critical and logical to pay attention to the strategic growth that lays the foundation for human resource development. The exact processes of human capital management strategies remain undiscovered. Furthermore, the manpower evaluation procedure is among the complex and highly essential processes in organizations. Thus, strategies must be identified to improve the level of productivity by strategic, key, and operational jobs to periodically monitor, attract, and hire human capital. Accordingly, the present study employed a descriptive method. Moreover, based on the strategies of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee as a mission-oriented organization in the deprived and oppressed of the country, we aimed at identifying effective criteria in the productivity of human capital in 6 specialized dimensions. These aspects included the following: management, decision making, communication indicators, abilities, as well as other skills related to business. By exploring the related research, we provided a theoretical framework for research. Furthermore, criteria were weighted from a fuzzy approach and a survey of experts in this study.

Net neutrality has recently attracted the attention of media policymakers. They need to understand the positive and negative effects of this concept on the public interest. Such an understanding enables them to determine how and when they should present a policy intervention in this issue. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze net neutrality concerning public interest. The qualitative research approach and content analysis were adopted in this research. The study participants consisted of 10 media policymakers, lawyers, and media industry experts. Moreover, in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted in this study. Due to the Corona-virus pandemic and the need for social distancing, researchers have used Online chat software to conduct the necessary inter-views. The data analysis data are based on the conceptual framework (fairness, the pluralism of views, & agenda setting), in 3 main themes (network neutrality & fairness in the media industry, network neutrality, & the pluralism of views in the media industry & agenda-setting by media). Finally, the relationship between these main themes and the theme of network neutrality and public interest was explained.

A current social problem in multicultural and multi-ethnic societies is social integration. Multiculturalism societies have managed this issue in different manners, i. e., reflected in their ethnic policies. This paper attempted to attain a theoretical model and optimal policy by examining ethnic policies. Accordingly, we aimed to develop an analytical model for this purpose. As per this model, ethnic policies are the product of the relationship between state, nation, and ethnicity. The ethnic policy is determined by the weight, na-ture, and type of interactions between the elements of this model. The present study data indicated that the type of government and governance, the degree of weakness and power of the state, and the state’ s view of the nation and ethnicity significantly impacted the patterns and models of ethnic policies in various societies. Thus, in the framework of the triangle of state, nation, and ethnicity, the citizenship model has been suggested as the preferred model of ethnic policies.

The present study attempted to derive a qualitative and grounded theory approach to theparadigmatic model of the concept of ethnic violence based on subjective perceptionsand actors’ interpretations and definitions of this concept. We employed a grounded theory method using Strauss and Corbin paradigm model. The necessary qualitative data inthis study were collected using an in-depth interview technique. The research subjectswere 26 ethnic elites of West Azerbaijan Province, Iran, from Turkish and Kurdish ethnicities. They were selected based on qualitative/ sampling methods and theoretical saturation criterion. A continuous comparison approach was used for data analysis in the stagesof open coding, axial selection, and selection. The required data were collected in the formof 121 concepts and 13 central categories in the interviews with the Kurdish and Azeri Turkelites. The obtained results indicated ethnic and religious divisions, ethnic nationalism, the weakness of intercultural communication, media violence representation, and ethnicpower relations. Non-compliance with civil rights, the non-establishment of civil society, and discrimination were the major causes of ethnic violence. The consequences were impaired inter-ethnic cooperation and national identity; insecurity; threatened sustainablenational security; forced migration of residents, and economic underdevelopment in WestAzerbaijan Province. Underlying conditions, such as ethnic susceptibility were related toheterogeneous populations. Social tolerance, as well as equitable distribution of wealth, power, dignity, and social policymaking were identified as strategies for this issue. Ultimately, the phenomenon of ethnic (political & social violence) emerged.

Promoting a health policy system is among the essential aspects of public policy in different countries. Given the enormous costs of public health policies in the development planning of different countries, the degree of socio-political responsibility of governments and individuals, as ordinary citizens, vary in different countries. The degree to which governments are responsible for promoting public health is directly related to the structure and system of the governance of countries and their political orientations. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to explore the impact of the role and orientation of governance structures in Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Sweden, & Norway) on the public health policy system. We mainly investigated the presence/absence of a com-mon ideological-political orientation in public health policies in the Nordic countries. The present study emphasized that each of the 4 Nordic countries fosters different political approaches to this issue; some of them are commonalities and in some cases there exist differences. Each of these countries has a range of strategies, regarding the context of the government and its policy structure and governance. This research, based on the descriptive-library analysis method, explained these strategies. Eventually, based on the output and results of research and experiences of Nordic countries, some policy recommendations were proposed. Such suggestions help to improve the public health and care policy system in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Research on faculty promotion supported that data on the concept of promotion in Iranian higher education are scarce. Therefore, this critical study aimed to reveal the meaning of promoting faculty members as part of the semantic network of the Iranian higher education system. There has been limited substantive and analytical research respecting the meaning and concept of promotion policies in embedded policy texts. Therefore, the essence of the meaning of promotion of faculty members in Iranian higher education was analyzed in this research. The policy texts related to promotion were implemented to collect the required data. The related findings signified that faculty promotion policies in Iran, influenced by the discourses of higher education, have dominated the faculty-oriented work environment. In other words, promoting the concept in terms of measurable economic value presents academic production. However, their professionalism is on the verge of disappearing.

Iran’ s petroleum industry is facing challenges, including the maturity of hydrocarbon fields, the growing population of the nation that demands additional revenues from petroleum exports, and international economic sanctions that have limited access to technology sources. Restrictions from international technology providers have led the managers of the industry enterprises to attempt to develop their required technologies inside the country. The Ministry of Petroleum has supervised this; as a result, technology planning systems have been developed and implemented since 2009. In this research, an overview of the Iranian petroleum industry was provided from a technology planning perspective. The focus has been on the events and the behavior of the system after implementing the new technology planning system; it coincides with the period of the intensification of international sanctions against Iran. The present study data and a comparison between the features of the technology planning systems before and after 2009 were collected. Accordingly, the new approach has promoted the planning system from several aspects. However, it lacks attention to two key elements of a planning system, i. e., integration and alignment between different levels of planning. As a result of recognizing the necessity of an evolutionary model at the industry level to address these two factors and by reviewing experiences from several countries, a general model was proposed. The proposed model addresses the issues of integration and alignment in technology planning systems with special attention paid to key factors.

For years, the price of energy carriers has been kept low by the government due to the existence of oil resources to increase the welfare and satisfaction of individuals in society. However, evidence shows that energy subsidies have not only failed to bring prosperity to the Iranian people but have also had many negative consequences for the country’ s economy. The suppression of energy prices and the collapse of relative prices have not only led to the high energy consumption of households, but also to the formation of industries that are lagging behind the world’ s latest technology and with minimal productivity, their only advantage is cheap energy. Unequal distribution of subsidies and thus increasing the welfare gap, fuel smuggling, environmental pollution, traffic, negative impact on the government budget, etc. are the negative consequences of pervasive energy price subsidies. All this shows that it is not possible to continue the status quo and it is necessary to reform the system of energy subsidies. The proposal for the current plan to reform the subsidy system is to provide an exchangeable energy quota to all individuals in the form of a virtual currency based on the costs of a fair energy basket The advantage of this plan is the formation of real energy prices and the existence of a decentralized redistribution system of revenues from rising energy prices in society.

City life depends on the capital created or imported into the city; however, the important issue is where that capital is accumulated. This is because capital accumulation is the center of the development engine. In our country, the existence of sovereignty, centralized planning, lifestyle changes, the transformation of society into a consumer society, and dependence on oil revenues created a rentier atmosphere in which capital is accumulated in urban land. The present study addressed the relationship between macroeconomic variables and the physical development of cities. Quantitative and correlational research data were collected from the statistical records and the reports of the central bank. To calculate the annual construction area of cities, data from the satellite images of interest from 2001 to 2014 were assessed. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis of multiple variables. This research explored large, middle, and small cities. Moreover, we examined two groups of changes, including independent variables (characteristics related to oil revenues, macroeconomic variables related to cost) and dependent variables (urban area). The present research data indicated that the physical development of cities was correlated with characteristics related to oil revenues, especially with the annual price of heavy oil. Furthermore, the variables related to oil revenues presented a high coefficient with the physical development of cities. Therefore, the theory of the political economy of the rentier government was confirmed. Thus, the development of cities depended on oil revenues rather than local production.

An important tool in stimulating the demand for innovation is to take advantage of the capacity of public procurement. Due to the difficulties of financing the public sector, a significant part of the government procurement of developing countries, especially Iran, is established from the sources of finance. As a tool, the policy of innovation and stimulation of domestic demand will be difficult. The present study aimed to examine the requirements for applying these financial aids as pro-innovation public procurement policies. To investigate this issue, a multi-case research method was considered on the agenda; we aimed to design a single structure from several thematic perspectives and set the necessary requirements in a multidimensional manner in a certain period. Accordingly, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers of the projects related to the mentioned projects. Moreover, the analysis of the qualitative content of the data and the pattern of requirements concerning the research topic was developed based on the main categories. To select these cases, from the database of approvals of the Economic Council respecting export credit facilities from 2011 to 2017, 5 large projects were selected of the 5 ministries with the highest demand. According to the studies, the proposed model was presented in 6 axes; it focuses on the participation of its capable domestic contractor as an intermediary between domestic employers and foreign lenders, and supporting support systems.

The main purpose of this research was to study the factors affecting the efficiency of monitoring and evaluating financial performance in the public sector in performance-based budgeting. The practical purpose of this research was to provide appropriate suggestions and solutions to financial performance in the public sector in performance-based bud-geting. This study used a mixed qualitative-quantitative research strategy. Initially, using the meta-combined qualitative analysis method, the indicators were extracted from previous. Subsequently, out of 82 articles, 42 were finally used to examine the effective characteristics in the efficiency of monitoring and evaluating financial performance in the public sector in the above-mentioned budgeting. Then, by categorizing the indicators and performing the fuzzy Delphi technique, the content of the design was analyzed; the main indicators were identified and screened. Next, employing several methods, the criteria were prioritized and the weight of the criteria (13) and the effective variables were determined prioratively. Additionally, the research data analysis was performed in the qualitative phase by MaxQDA; the quantitative analysis was conducted using MATLAB.

This article, examines public transportation policy in Tehran, presenting appropriate policy package. Based on available data, policy makers values private transportation than public. So, according cost-benefit analysis, people choose private car more often. To amend this situation, a change in policy makers attitudes is necessary as well as a coordinated, integrated policy package for transportation. Because changing some factors while keeping others fixed even may deteriorate present condition.

In the international system, deterrence and its defensive deterrence instances are considered among the major issues of national security. Therefore, to achieve stability and security, governments have to design and develop various defensive systems, missiles, aircraft, warships, and other advanced military equipment. This paper, by a descriptive-analytical method and using library resources, reviewing reputable scientific sites related to the S-300PMU-2 family missile system, aimed to explore the effects of the S-300PMU-2 air defense system on the defensive deterrence of the Islamic Republic of Iran. We also investigated the extent to which it provides defensive coverage for Iran. Accordingly, the researcher persuaded various goals in dimensions determining the concept of deterrence based on air defense system, security, geographical scope, and fighters in the scope of the system. The obtained findings revealed that the missile system presented a relatively high level of defense of the country at domestic and regional levels. It also was able to fight fourth-generation fighters and ballistic missiles. The general results of the research indicated that the defensive system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, despite the evolutionary process, requires to be upgraded. The S-300PMU-2 air defense system, as one of the most essential links in the evolution of the current air defense model of the country, can repel the threats of the country at the regional level. It can also upgrade the country’ s defense system to the continental and global levels; however, there is a need to use new weapons in the future.

This study aimed to identify and categorize the mechanisms of the Prevention and Combating Administrative Corruption in Iran based on published research from 1991 to 2017. Using meta-synthesis method, the findings of these studies, which indicated the mechanisms of preventing and Combating Administrative Corruption, were formulated in the form of data production. Next, the mechanisms presented in these research studies were coded by open and axial coding systems. The concepts of research, as mechanisms of preventing and combating corruption, were categorized based on 8 indicators of good governance theory and 2 indicators of national integrity system. These categories include participation, transparency, rule of law, accountability, public agreement, justice and equality, accountability, effectiveness and efficiency, media, and monitoring. Besides, they consist of 203 mechanisms for preventing and Combating Administrative Corruption.

The general concept of global health diplomacy, including the description and explanation of methods aimed at increasing the coordination of countries to improve global health, first emerged in 1851 at the first European Health Conference. In recent years, health diplomacy, as an international mechanism of governments in the face of global health threats, has become one of the main priorities of societies concerning foreign policy. Furthermore, it is included in the category of informal diplomacy. In other words, health diplomacy has become increasingly essential during the Covid-19 pandemic as art and method of international relations. Besides, it is considered a transnational mechanism for controlling global health harms; it has facilitated trials of countries, including developing countries. Given Iran’ s strategic position and vital need to develop health diplomacy in the global arena, further attention from policymakers and political activists in the field of international relations is required to develop an effective model to achieve the utmost existing capacities and potentials in this respect.