COMMERCIAL SURVEYS
Year:2020 | Volume:18 | Issue:103|Papers Count:6

In Iranian law, in addition to upstream laws such as "Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Act", joint venture agreements are subject to the generality of contract law, and the provisions of a partnership agreement contained in civil law as well as commercial law. According to the mentioned laws, the important principles of joint venture agreements are: participate in financing, division of losses and profits between partners, Mutual representation of partners from each other (ie joint and several liability) and Fiduciary Relationship of partners. China is one of the few countries that has legislated separately for different types of joint ventures (contractual and Equity joint venture). This contracts are differ in terms of liability, management structure, contractual obligations, participation in capital, participation in profits and stock ratios and return on investment. Of course, the above laws should be studied in relation to the "Law of Companies" and the "Law of Contracts", especially in the field of technology transfer contracts. The main aim of this Paper is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of Iranian law of joint venture in order to give policy implications for improving it.

Export protection includes those programs and policies through which governments seek to play a role in and influence the export process. Theoretical studies and researches in different countries of the world have led to various conclusions about the effectiveness of these programs. A look at the support programs in these countries shows that in most countries, the types of financial support for exports have been in the form of insurance, tax and foreign exchange support. Since awareness of incentive policies implemented in other countries as well as review of incentives and support tools to increase export development in the country is essential, so the present study first identifies support tools and export incentives in some countries such as Turkey, India, Malaysia and China then examines the means of support in the country from the Third Development Plan (2000-2003). Accordingly, the most important reasons for reducing the effectiveness of these tools on export growth have been identified and appropriate suggestions and recommendations to improve these measures have been presented.

The purpose of this research is to assess the effect of matching with import standards of other countries on perceived barriers of export and export performance of Pegah Company. The research is applicable in nature and used a descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of the study consists of all managers and individuals who are active in the 10 export sectors of Pegah Company. The number of statistical population is undetermined and the chosen sample size is 384 by choosing unconfirmed judgments. In the present study, the field method is used to collect the initial data and the five-choice Likert questionnaire is used for gathering data and the library method is used for collecting secondary data. The results of the research show that export commitment has a significantly positive effect on export performance, export experience has a significantly positive effect on export performance, export commitment has a significantly positive effect on perceived export barriers, export experience has a significantly positive effect on perceived export barriers, perceived export barriers Export performance has a significantly positive effect, and there is a significantly positive effect of adaptation on export performance.

This paper aim to answer the question of what factors affect the desire to buy goods online in Iran. To answer the research question, a questionnaire is designed and the necessary information is collected through a questionnaire in the city of Tehran. The sampling method is simple random, and used by experts and specialists in the field to improve the validity of the measuring instrument. In order to analyze the mentioned information, first statistical analyzes of the information are performed and the logit model and AHP model are used. The results of the logit model show that the variables of income, education, frequency of online shopping, objective factors including price, quality and credibility have a positive effect on people's desire to buy online and the variable of age has an adverse effect on consumers' desire to buy online. Also, with the help of AHP model, it is found that the importance of variables from the perspective of consumers to influence their decision to buy online, including objective factor (quality), 2-objective factor (trust in the website), 3-objective factor (price), 4-Behavioral factors and 5-mental factors.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of customer perception and cultural elements of collectivism and individualism on the tendency to purchase cosmetic products. The research method is descriptive-survey and the research population is customers of shopping centers in west of Tehran. 384 of them are selected by available sampling method. To analyze the data, correlation coefficient and structural equation model have been used with software Pvc software. The results showe that the influence of perceived value on the tendency to buy cosmetic products based on the moderating role of religion is positive and significant. The perceived benefit to Halal cosmetic products is positively influenced by the moderating role of religion. Vertical and horizontal collectivism has a positive impact on the tendency to buy cosmetic products relying on the moderating role of religion. Vertical individualism and horizontal individualism also have a positive impact on the tendency to buy cosmetic products on the basis of the moderating role of religion.

In the present study, the relationship between the application of comprehensive quality management on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty with respect to the mediating role of service quality (Case Study of Ray Bank Agricultural Branches) has been investigated. The target population includes all clients of Ray Bank Agricultural Bank branches. According to Krejcie and Morgan table, the sample size is 384 persons and the method is stratified random sampling. This research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of method, descriptive-survey and in terms of type, correlation. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and content validity are used to determine the reliability of the questionnaires. Structural equation modeling with LISREL software is used to analyze the data. The results show that the application of comprehensive quality management has a significant relationship with customer satisfaction and customer loyalty with regard to the mediating role of quality services of Ray Bank Agricultural Branches.