Iranian Journal of Pediatric Nursing
Year:2021 | Volume:7 | Issue:4|Papers Count:10

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has become a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries among children and adolescents and health and psychological consequences can be extended. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of obesity and its relationship with physical activity levels in boy's children 13-15 years old. Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, 439 boys among 2122 students were randomly selected. Height, weight, age, triceps, and calf skinfold thickness were measured in students. To determine the level of physical activity, (IPAQ = International Physical Activity Questionnaire) was used. Results: Our findings showed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity were 10. 8% and 15. 8% respectively. The negative significant correlations between weight categories (thin, normal, overweight, and obese) and physical activity levels, (r=-0. 289 or p=0. 001), between BMI and physical activity levels (r=-0. 367; P=0. 001), and between body fat and physical activity levels (r=-0. 349; P=0. 002) were observed. Conclusions: According to these findings, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Sahneh city students is a concerning matter.

Introduction: Hospitalization of the infant in the intensive care unit and the early separation of the baby from the mother cause critical conditions for the baby's mother. The continued presence of mothers on the bed of these babies has disturbed mothers to meet their basic physical and health needs. Since health-promoting lifestyle education is essential for maternal health, this study aimed to "investigate the effect of education on the health-promoting lifestyle of mothers in preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit". Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental study with sampling available in two groups of tests (39 people) and control (39 people) in 1997. The research community included mothers with premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Imam Ali (AS) Amol Educational Center of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Data collection tools included a demographic information form and a Walker Health Promotion Lifestyle Questionnaire (1995). After obtaining informed consent, the demographic information form and health promotion lifestyle questionnaire were completed by the mothers. The Health Promoting Lifestyle training program was implemented in 6 sessions for the test group. Data were collected in two stages before intervention and 3 months after intervention in two groups of test and control. Results: The findings showed that the lifestyle that enhanced maternal health and its dimensions increased significantly in the experimental group 3 months after the intervention (p <0/001). There was no significant difference between lifestyle scores and all dimensions between the two groups before the intervention. Three months after the intervention, the lifestyle scores that improved maternal health and its dimensions in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group (p <0/05). Conclusions: The mean score of Health Promotion Lifestyle in the intervention group has increased compared to the control group, therefore, it is suggested that the educational program for health promotion be used as an effective way to improve the lifestyle of the mothers of premature infants.

Introduction: Children's cancer is a special bio-psychological status that challenges the percieved social support and coping strategies of mothers with different demographic characteristics and affects their psychological adaptation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the direct and indirect role of demographic characteristics (age and education level), with the mediating role of perceived social support and coping strategies, on adaptation. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population consisted of all mothers of children with cancer who referred to the clinics of pediatric specialists in Mashhad. The sample size was 220 people who were selected by the targeted sampling method. Data were gathered using a psychosocial adaptation questionnaire, Lazarus and Folkman coping, multi-dimensional perceived social support, and demographic characteristics. Results: According to the results of this study, the increase in education directly reduced the maladaptation (P <0. 01) and indirectly through increased perceived social support, increased problemsolving strategies, and decreased emotional strategy reduced maladaptation. Increasing age directly reduced emotional strategies, but had no effect on problem-oriented strategies. Also, increasing age did not have direct and indirect effects through coping strategies on maternal adaptation. Conclusions: According to the findings, it can be said that increasing education, both directly and indirectly, through the mediation of perceived social support and coping strategies, increases adaptation. In addition, this increase in age decreased emotional strategies, but there was no direct and indirect relationship between age and maternal adaptation.

Introduction: Being premature puts the infant at risk for neonatal complications and also provides the basis for other problems in adulthood. Parents need adequate training and time to acquire and learn information to acquire childcare skills. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to determine the effect of discharge planning on the readmission of premature infants hospitalized in Abadan University of Medical Sciences hospitals. Methods: 56 mothers of preterm infants referred to the hospitals of Abadan University of Medical Sciences were divided into two groups of intervention and control using random sampling. After describing the sample rights and obtaining their consent, the data were collected using questionnaires (demographic characteristics of mother and infant). The discharge plan was administered to the mothers of the experimental group (during two sessions, on the second day of admission and on the day of discharge, individually with practical training and face-to-face and booklet). Mothers in the control group received routine care in the ward. One month after discharge, neonatal readmission was followed up by telephone contact with parents. Results: There was no significant difference between demographic characteristics of mothers and neonates in the control and intervention groups based on the studied variables (p <0. 05). The discharge plan reduced the readmission rate of premature infants in the intervention group (p = 0. 05). Conclusions: Implementation of a discharge plan can reduce the readmission rate of premature infants by increasing the quality of neonatal care. Therefore, it is recommended that neonatal units, especially premature neonates with acute care and planned discharge training, be admitted from admission to hospital leave and afterward at home. Hospitals should also consider implementing and implementing a discharge plan training program.

Introduction: ln literature review, cognitive problems such as poor working memory is considered as one of the main reading problems among dyslexic children. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of Reading Assistant Package training on working memory of dyslexic children. Methods: The present study was a single-subject research design of multiple baseline type with a follow-up period. The statistical population included all male and female children of the third grade of elementary school who were referred to Sarvabad Learning Disorders Center due to the reading problems in the academic year of 2019-2020. Six qualified children (three boys and three girls) were selected volunteerily and entered the study gradually in fixed intervals. The therapeutic sessions were performed individually for all subjects. Research tools included Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, fourth edition, (Wechsler 2003), the reading and dyslexia test (NEMA) (Kormi-Nouri and Moradi 2005) and "Corsi" working memory test with PEBL software (Corsi 1972). Results: The results of the improvement percentage of working memory scores in the intervention stage in boys (42. 40) and girls (50. 31) and in the follow-up stage in boys (74. 05) and girls (74. 05) showed a positive effect of the intervention. Visual analyses and the results of inter-positional and intra-positional analysis showed a significant difference between baseline and intervention stage for all subjects (PND = 100). The persistence of the effect of Reading Assistant Package on the working memory of the subjects in the follow-up stage was confirmed. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, the Reading Assistant Package training affects the improvement of the dyslexic childrens’ working memory. Therefore, the reading assistant package is recommended as a complementary tool for dyslexia treatment.

Introduction: Adolescence is a period of awareness and searches for reinforcement of beliefs, which is the most sensitive period in the development of spiritual beliefs. Spiritual behaviors as an important component of mental health play an important role in shaping their personality and identity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the spiritual experiences of adolescents. Methods: This qualitative study was carried out a content analysis approach on 14 adolescents aged 14-20 Gorgan city in 2019 using the purposive sampling method. Data was collected through semistructured interviews from March 2019 to May 2019. The interviews were transcribed immediately after the recording. Data were analyzed simultaneously with qualitative guided content analysis. Results: From the data analysis, 252 initial codes were extracted in the context of adolescent spiritual experiences. These codes are then analyzed in the following categories (self Control, Appeal from God, Proximity to God, performing religious practice, and personal activities) were used. Conclusions: Self-Spiritual experiences or Spiritual self-care practices included subclasses of doing religious beliefs, personal activities, self-control, God-given help, and divine closeness in adolescents cause closeness and Intimacy with God, enduring hardships, difficulties, and promoting mental health. In addition to the above, adolescents mentioned that doing spiritual activities hinders their bias toward high-risk behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary for school authorities and teachers to understand the spiritual needs of adolescents and to provide the necessary conditions for adolescent spiritual activities.

Introduction: Parents are a factor in the quality of child care and treatment in psychiatric wards, and mother-child conflicts have a significant impact on the prognosis of treatment. Methods: In a randomized controlled clinical trial, 64 mother-child couples referred to the child psychiatric wards of Noor Hospital in Isfahan in 2020 participated. The intervention group participated in eight 90-minute sessions of group discussion of parent-child conflicts; No intervention was performed in the control group. The Parent-child conflict was measured before and one month after the intervention with the standard parent-child conflict scale of Strauss. Results: The score of mothers' conflicts before training was 39. 00 ± 9. 33 in the intervention group and 38. 15 ± 6. 38 in the control group, which was not significantly different (p <0. 05). One month later, the mean scores of the intervention group were 31. 09 ± 5. 58 and the control group was 40. 34 ± 6. 46 which had a significant difference (p <0. 001). The score of children's conflicts before training was 46. 15 ± 8. 59 in the intervention group and 46. 60± 6. 18 in the control group, which was not significantly different (p <0. 05). One month later, the mean scores of the intervention group were 39. 15. 8. 79 and the control group was 45. 34 ± 4. 92, which was significantly different (p <0. 05). Conclusions: Group discussion was effective on mother-child conflicts admitted to child psychiatric wards. Therefore, this method and content of the training can be effective in controlling conflicts and it is recommended to be considered in the patient education program.

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Children with this disorder put a lot of stress on their parents. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between family function and the care burden of parents of children with ADHD. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the population included Families with a child with ADHD who referred to a specialized child psychiatric clinic. 30 families were selected by the available sampling method and were researched. Data collection tools included Family Function Assessment (FAD) and Zarit care burden Questionnaires. Results: Among the children studied, 21 were boys (70%) and 9 were girls (30%). 93. 3% (28 children) experienced severe ADHD. 80. 1% of families (24 families) had an unhealthy function. Also, 47. 2% (14 families) experienced severe care burdens. There was a significant relationship between overall family function and the amount of care burden (P = 0. 0001). Conclusions: Due to the relationship between family function and care burden, factors affecting family function should be identified. Better family function in controlling ADHD, will reduce the severity of behavioral symptoms and reduce the care burden of the family.

Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome is a common disorder in pediatrics that is associated with glomerular disorders. Children with nephrotic syndrome experience frequent hospitalizations which affects the quality of life of the patient and family. This study conducted to investigate the effectiveness of self-care education on the quality of life in children with nephrotic syndrome. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed in the pediatric ward of Ali Ebn Abitalib Hospital in Zahedan in 2018. 96 school-age children with Nephrotic Syndrome were selected by convenience sampling and as simply random with lottery method divided into two groups: intervention (n = 48), and control (n = 48) groups. In the intervention group, self-care education was held for 4 sessions (30-45 min) for 4 days. Eight weeks after training, quality of life assessed. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Peds QL 4. 0) used. T-test and SPSS v. 21 were used for data analysis. Results: The mean of quality of life in the intervention group after the intervention (56. 02± 192. 28) was higher than before the intervention (51. 73± 164. 70) (P <0. 05). The mean of quality of life after the intervention was significantly different between the two groups intervention and control groups (P <0. 05). Conclusions: The results suggest that self-care education effected on quality of life, therefore we propose that nurses can use self-care education as a cost-effective and acceptable method for children with nephrotic syndrome.