Journal of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences
Year:2020 | Volume:7 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Executive function is considered as the capacity of the human brain including the capacity for organization, cognitive flexibility, planning, problem solving, and so on. Long-term use of opiates such as heroin and methadone is associated with a wide range of executive functions deficits. The purpose of this study was to compare cognitive-executive function and emotional symptoms of people whit methadone maintenance treatment and normal people. Materials and method: This study is a causal comparative study. The study sample consisted of two groups of 40 individuals of under methadone maintenance treatment and normal people who were selected by purposeful sampling. Research tools were: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Tower of London Test (TOL) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42). Data were analyzed by SPSS-22 and independent t-test. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between methadone-treated individuals and normal people in cognitive flexibility (t=-2. 48) and planning (t=-4. 96) (p<0. 001). The results of DASS-42 also showed that methadone-treated individuals experience more depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms than normal people (p <0. 05). Conclusion: Methadone-treated individuals perform poorer than normal people in terms of executive function, and experience more emotional symptoms. Therefore, these poor performances in the treatment of these individuals should be considered.

Introduction: Neuropathy is the most common neurological complication of diabetes which affects the central nervous systems, especially the brain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training After Transplantation of stem cells on rate of TNF-α and NF-κ B in cerebral Cortex of STZ-induced Diabetic Rats. Materials and Methods: : In this experimental study, 48 male wistar rats, 9 weeks old, weighing 220-240 g were randomly divided into six equal groups: control, sham, diabetes, diabetes + exercise, diabetes + stem cells, diabetes + exercise + stem cells. The exercise groups, practiced treadmill resistance training for 6 weeks. In the stem cell receiver group, 1/5*10 6 number of stem cells were injected into diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. All statistical analyzes were performed by SPSS 22 software. Results: Data showed that the TNF-α (p>0. 01) and NF-κ B (p<0. 001) levels was significant difference between the six groups. It was observed that in the exercise + stem cells group, TNF-α level was significantly lower than that of the diabetes group (p=0. 05). There was a statistically significant decrease in NF-κ B level in exercise and exercise + stem cells groups compared to the diabetes group (p<0. 001). Conclusion: Injection of adipose-derived stem cells along with exercise training can be a protective and therapeutic strategy to reduce cortical inflammatory markers and the effects of diabetes on the central nervous system.

Introduction: Mental disorders are one of the main causes of disability and increase the use of health care services. Due to the increasing number of psychiatric disorders in Iran, the present study aimed to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and their relations to demographic variables in clients attending Jiroft’ s comprehensive health services centers in 2017. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study is a cross-sectional survey. Clients attending Jiroft’ s comprehensive health services centers in 2017, formed the statistical society of the study. Convenience sampling method was employed to select 280 of these clients who were asked to answer the demographic questionnaire and SCL-90-R. The data was then analyzed using SPSS software, Chi-Square Test, and T Test. Results: According to the Global Severity Index (GSI), 39. 2 % of the clients had psychiatric disorders. The categories of SCL-90-R revealed that somatization disorders (13. 1), phobia (12. 7), paranoid ideation (12. 7), interpersonal sensitivity (11. 6), anxiety (7. 5), depression (6. 0), obsessive-compulsive disorder (5. 6), hostility (5. 2) and psychoticism (3. 0) were highly prevalent. Mental health proved to be significantly correlated with some demographic variables. The results of Chi-square test also showed a significant correlation between mental health and the income level (p<0. 01), mental health and suicidal ideation (p<0. 01), mental health and marital status (p<0. 05), and mental health and occupational status (p<0. 01). Conclusion: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in clients referring to urban comprehensive health services centers is remarkably higher than the reported statistics in the public population and hence, requires more attention and priority to mental health issues in this area.

Introduction: Metabolic disorders induced by inactivity and malnutrition cause many problems in the heart tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks aerobic exercise on some selected inflammatory markers in cardiac tissue of male Wistar rats with two types of normal and cholesterol-rich diet. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats randomly divided into four groups of normal-control, normal-exercise, cholesterol-rich, cholesterol-The exercises were divided. The training groups performed 12 weeks (5 days a week) of endurance training and the control groups were kept in a cage for 12 weeks with no exercise. Prior to the beginning of the training period, the cholesterolrich diet group rats were fed this diet for three months to induce hyperlipidemia and dietary intervention was administered until the end of the training period. 48 hours after the last training session, they were killed after nocturnal fasting and then their blood and tissue samples were collected and measured. Results: Between groups analyses showed significant differences between different groups MCP-1 (p<0. 001), IL-6 (p<0. 001), TNF-α (P≤ 0. 05) and CK (p<0. 001), LDH (p<0. 001). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, moderate intensity aerobic exercise may improve cardiac function and inflammatory markers in individuals with normal and high cholesterol diet or even prevent cardiac tissue injury.

Introduction: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is an acute febrile and hemorrhagic viraldisease that has been reported more among Ranchers and slaughterhouse workers. The aim of present study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of butchers in Rafsanjan city about CrimeanCongo hemorrhagic fever in 2019. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted on all butchers in Rafsanjan by census method in 2019. Data collection tool included a questionnaire of knowledge, attitude and practice. Data were analyzed using, Spearman, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests at a level of less than 0. 05 bySPSS software (version 16). Results: Of the 150 participants in the present study with Mean age38. 34± 12. 23, 55 persons (%36. 7) obtained their information about CCHF through veterinary staff, and 15persons (%10) reported that they had no information about CCHF. In current study, the Overall score of knowledge of butchers was 67. 27, attitude score was 94. 3, and performance score was 83. 68 out of 100. The results of this study showed that the attitude and performance of the butchers were favorable, but the knowledge of the butchers in Rafsanjan city about the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever was at moderate level Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed the inadequately of the knowledge of the butchersof Rafsanjan city about Crimean-Congo fever disease, hence, for enhancing their level of knowledge it is suggested that training sessions should be held continuously regarding Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic feverfor butchers.

Introduction: Since silver nanoparticles have harmful effects on the body and in addition to extensive applications in technology, the present study aimed to evaluate the anxiety and tissue of hippocampus of rats treated with silver nanoparticles were performed Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-200 gr (5-6 months) in 4 groups of 10 rats including: Healthy control, Royal jelly receiving, silver nanoparticle and royal jelly, silver nanoparticle receiving was performed. The rats were gavage silver nanoparticles and royal jelly at doses of 30 and 100 mg/kg for 28 days, respectively. After a 24-hour break, anxiety behavior was assessed using plus-maze behavioral test. Hippocampus tissue was collected for histological studies. Results: The results of anxiety test showed Royal jelly significantly increased the number of entry and presence percentage of open arm compared to other groups (p<0. 01) Also, administration of silver nanoparticles significantly decreased the number of entry and presence in the open arm compared to other groups (p<0. 05). Results of hippocampus tissue changes showed that Royal gel reduces the density of picnotic neurons in the royal jelly group and silver nanoparticles compared to the silver nanoparticle group. The difference between the control and experimental groups was not significant (p>0. 05). Conclusion: according to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that Royal jelly can reduce anxiety in rat due to its antioxidant properties.

Introduction: Metformin (MET) as an oral antidiabetic drug has pleiotropic effects such as antioxidative and neuroprotective properties. In the current study we aimed to investigate the probable effects of Pretreatment MET therapy in global ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 male Wistar rats (200-220 g) were used. Animals were randomly divided into four groups of ten: sham group, ischemic group, ischemic + metformin group and metformin group. MET was administered orally at doses of 100 for 14 days then the rats underwent global ischemia-reperfusion and the treatment continued for 7 days. Depressive-like behavior was assessed by forced swimming test. Cognitive function was evaluated by Y-maze continuous alternation task and Morris water maze. The brains were assessed for the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Results: global ischemia-reperfusion caused depression and declined the cognitive function (p<0. 001( as well as BDNF (p<0. 001( level and SOD (p<0. 01 ( activity. Pretreatment with MET reduced the depressivelike behavior (p<0. 05( and attenuated the cognitive impairments (p<0. 01 ( in ischemic rats. Moreover, MET increased the BDNF (p<0. 001( level in the brains of ischemic animals Conclusion: Our results recommended that chronic pretreatment MET therapy could improve behavioral disorders following global ischemia-reperfusion and could be used as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of brain ischemic conditions.

Introduction: workplace incivility in the nursing profession violates workplace norms and causes negative consequences such as dissatisfaction, conflict, burnout and leaving the workplace. In this regard, efforts must be made to encourage respectful conduct by recognizing the factors that affect it. The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the relationship between disrespectful behavior in the workplace with professional self-efficacy and psychological ability in nurses working in hospitals in Birjand in 2019. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 170 nurses working in Birjand hospitals that had research conditions were randomly selected in a multi-stage method and were completed in a self-report manner after obtaining their cooperation and satisfaction, Pisanti standard professional self-efficacy questionnaire, Guidroz workplace incivility questionnaire and Spritzer mental empowerment questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression at the level of p<0. 05. Results: The results showed that there is a significant, inverse relationship between professional selfefficacy (p=0. 001), psychological ability (p=0. 005) and workplace incivility in general. The results of multivariate regression analysis also showed that professional self-efficacy predicts 49% of workplace incivility. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that increasing self-efficacy in nurses can reduce the incidence of disrespectful behavior in the workplace. Therefore, nursing managers and professors, by teaching selfefficacy and self-empowerment methods, can cultivate an efficient and resistant force against workplace incivility, in order to improve the quality of care.