Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2013 | Volume:31 | Issue:231|Papers Count:6

Background: One of the most important complications of immobilization is deep vein thrombosis (DVT), especially in lower extremities, and major surgeries, especially orthopaedic surgery. The aim of this study was comparing the effectiveness of heparin among short-time (10 days) and long-time (20 days) enoxaparine administration to introdue more suitable preventive method.Methods: In a prospective study, 120 patients underwent hip arthroplasty enrolled in three groups; group I recieved 5000 IU heparin three times daily (ter die sumendum or TDS), Group II recieved 40 mg enoxaparine daily for 10 days, and Group III received 40 mg enoxaparine daily for 20 days. After data collection by check list, the ANOVA and c2 tests were used for analysis. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Findings: Incidence of deep vein thrombosis in group III was reduced more than group I after hip replacement surgery. Also, pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) was reduced in group III more than group II. PTE and postoperative death were not significantly different among enoxaparin and heparin groups.Conclusion: Enoxaparin is more effective than standard heparin in reducing pulmonary thromboembolism and deep vein thrombosis.

Background: Pentavalent antimony compounds are the main treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Usually, this drug is injected into the lesion for acute treatment, which is very painful and results in low patient compliance. In this study we sought to prepare a topical form of this drug, which is not available in the market.Methods: In this study glucantime gel mask was prepared by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as the base polymer and glycerin as the plasticizer. The gel mask was optimized, evaluated for physicochemical properties, and examined on 40 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. Patients were randomly divided into control and test groups. All patients received weekly intralesional injection of meglumine antimoniate as routine care. The prepared gel mask was applied twice a day in the test group, and the control group received the placebo gel mask.Findings: PVA was used because its consistency value is better and it causes the rapid release of drug from the base. The optimized formulation showed good physicochemical property.25 males and 15 females participated in the clinical trial with the mean age of 28.2 years for 6 weeks. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, and duration of disease. In the test group, 15 patients achieved complete cure at the end of week 6, 2 moderate cure, and 1 mild cure, and 1 patient did not have an acceptable cure. In the control group, 13 patients achieved complete cure and 5 moderate cure, 2 showed no improvement, and in 1 patient the lesion got worse.Conclusion: The gel mask reduces the weekly meglumine antimoniate requirement. This reduction shows the appropriate penetration of the drug from the gel into the lesion.

Background: Early diagnosis of congenital anomalies and termination at early pregnancy can prevent the birth of these children. The Step-wise sequential test has the most sensitivity in this regard; but because of the religious and legal rules in our country (the abortion must be done before 17 weeks of gestation or 19 weeks of LMP), it is better to use a test that is performed in first trimester and has high sensitivity rate; so the use of invasive procedures become less. We aimed to estimate the diagnosis value of combined test (free beta-hCG, nuchal translucency, and pregnancy-associated protein A) for trisomy 21 and 18 screening.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 380 pregnant women with the age of more than 35 years referred to Beheshti and Alzahra clinics (Isfahan, Iran) at the 9-14 weeks of gestation were enrolled. Combines test analysis was done with Alpha software and the sample population was divided to highand low-risk portions for trisomy 21 and 18. The high risks went on amniocentesis and the other group followed after birth for detecting if there were any signs of syndromes manifestation.Findings: For trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome), the sensitivity of combined test was 100%, and the specificity was 96.4%, with a false positive rate of 3.5%. For trisomy 18, it was 75% for the sensitivity and 100% for the specificity, with a false positive rate of 0%.Conclusion: Regarding to high sensitivity and specificity of the combined test in our population compared to other societies, we can use this test with more confidence. So, diagnosing the maternal anomalies in early first trimester could be done and we could terminate pregnancies with proven trisomy 21 and 18 legally.

Background: Almost all postmenopausal women will experience depression. Also, most women lack the ability to control and reduce depression, the disorder can lead to physical damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 8-weeks of Pilates exercise on depression in postmenopausal women in the age of 55 to 65 years.Methods: In this experimental study, 40 women with depression referred to psychologists in the year 2012, as a target, selected and randomly divided into two equal groups of intervention and control. The intervention group did Pilates exercise program for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week for one hour); the control group did not any exercise. The Beck’s Depression Inventory used to evaluate the before-and after- exercise status of the participants. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA test.Findings: There was a significant difference in the rate of depression in the intervention group compared with baseline and the control group after 8 weeks (P<0.05).Conclusion: The Pilates exercises decreased the depression rate significantly. It seems to be useful as a complementary treatment in postmenopausal women with depression.

Background: In this study, we radiologically evaluated the performance of gelatin nano-bioglass scaffold applied in Dog‘s skull defect.Methods: Four young adult male dogs were chosen; then in the frontal bone of each one, two cavities with 0.5 mm diameter were created. The cavities were divided into 2 groups: control and gelatin scaffold.4 and 8 weeks after surgery radiological assessment of bone formation was done by conebeam computed tomography (CBCT).Findings: Four young adult male dogs were chosen; then in the frontal bone of each one, two cavities with 0.5 mm diameter were created. The cavities were divided into 2 groups: control and gelatin scaffold.4 and 8 weeks after surgery radiological assessment of bone formation was done by CBCT.Conclusion: The results seem that during the time of this study, gel scaffold do not have any significant effect on the rate of bone regeneration compared to controls.