Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2005 | Volume:9 | Issue:1|Papers Count:16

Introduction: Factors that affect the progress of labor have been studied extensively in an effort to improve labor progress. One variable that has been studied minimally, is the effect of adequate maternal hydration. This study aimed to determine the effect of increased intravenous fluid on the course of labor in nulliparous women in Bandar Abbas Dr. Shariati hospital in 2003.Methods: In this clinical trial study, the researcher infused three doses of intravenous fluids (60-120 and 240 cc/hr) in labor to compare the length of three stages of labor, Apgar scores of newborns, and the kind of delivery in three randomly selected groups. The number of the samples was 35 persons in each group (totally 105 persons) and they received randomly I.V fluids 60 or 120 and 240 cc/hr. The ordered fluids in the three groups were ringer solution.Information was gathered by methods of observation and completing the questionnaires. Results: The result of this study indicated that the average of first stage, of labor length time in fluid receiver group (240 cc/hr) was 78 minutes less than group of 60 cc/hr. From the view point of statistics, this difference was significant (p=0.009) and first stage length time in receiver group of 240 cc/hr was 53 minutes less than group of 120 cc/hr and this difference was not significant (p > 0.05) but the length time of second and third stage of labor among three groups has no significant difference. Furthermore, Apgar scores and type of delivery in three groups were similar.Conclusion: It can be concluded that dose of 240 cc/hr during labor is more desirable and has better effects than current dose in order to reduce the time of first stage of delivery and had better effects than current dose in order to reduce the time of first stage of delivery.

Introduction: Knowledge management helps us to share, learn and regenerate the new knowledge. Knowledge is the most important asset and greatest competitive advantage of many organizations today. Simultaneously, it can be observed that many organizations realize it is highly problematic and complicated to collect, store, retrieve, find, disseminate and reuse knowledge in modern fast changing organization. A subject now receiving a lot of attention is the utilization of knowledge.The study is description of factors explaining why researchers succeed in climbing up the echelons of the ladder of knowledge utilization.Methods: Using the internet resources, Google, Blackwell, Pub Med, Science Direct, WHO, and library resources of the Tabriz paramedical school, this study was carried out.Results: Knowledge utilization is a field of research concerned with factors explaining the utilization of scientific and technical knowledge, this field is expanding rapidly as universities and researchers are under pressure to increase the utilization of research results. In this paper, each stage the knowledge utilization scale is considered separately and compared to the previous stage in order to find factors explaining that researchers are able to climb up in the ladder of knowledge utilization from the echelon of no transmission to the echelon of transmission, then from the stage of transmission to that of cognition, from cognition to reference, from reference to effort, from effort to influence, and finally, from influence to application.Conclusion: The results suggest that the crucial stage of knowledge utilization is the stage of transmission. Nearly 30% of the scholars fail to climb the echelon of transmission and scholars differ on most of the explanatory variables when attempting to reach the echelon of transmission. The result of this study suggest that a scholar who attempts to provide research results to users will have to make significant investment in acquiring skills, expertise, and know-how purpose.

Introduction: Acute diarrhea is one of the most prevalent diseases of childhood and the second leading cause of death in under five children in developing countries. Appropriate practices and awareness of mothers not only has an important role in home management of acute watery diarrhea but also is cost consuming. This study is aimed at determination of awareness and practices of mothers of under five children regarding home management Of acute watery diarrhea.Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, a total of 300 mothers of under five children of Bandar Abbas city who referred to outpatient clinic of children hospital were randomly selected in 2002. The results were analyzed using Hest and Chi-Square test and p<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Only 31.33% of mothers had good awareness. Mothers with higher degree of education had higher awareness (p=0.000). Mothers who had one or two children and younger mothers (less than 35) had higher awareness than others with four or more children and older ones (35 or more) (p=0.04 and p=0.000, respectively). 74.3% of mothers were practice in preparation and use of ORS but 6.7% of them could not tell the correct method of its preparation, reservation and use.Conclusion: Health education about home management of acute watery diarrhea to mothers is recommended.

Introduction: Alopecia has been established as the most bothersome aspect of preoperative chemotherapy. Some patients even refrain from cytotoxic treatment.This is an experimental study evaluating the efficiency of scalp cooling system preventing chemotherapy induced alopecia in cancer patients in an oncology clinic in Shiraz, Iran.Methods: A total number of 63 (male / female, 23/40) patients participated in the study and (mean age=35Y) (16-59) were treated every 3 weeks for six weeks with an Ivregimen of chemotherapy drug. 31 patients accepting the scalp-cooling system were compared for, alopecia with those who refused the scalp cooling system consisting of 32 patients similarly treated but without being offered a scalp cooling system. Hair loss in the patients was evaluated by nurses using World Health Organization (WHO) criteria at each cycle of chemotherapy.Results: In this study, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant at cycles 2-6 (p< 0.05). Tolerance was generally good. In the study group in the 2nd cycle, 77.4 % of the patients belonged to 1st and 2nd grade of alopecia. No 4th grade was observed in the group. However, in the control group in the same cycle, 61.3% of the patients were in the 3rd and 4th grade of alopecia. Also, in the 6th cycle 40% of the study group and 68.8% of the control group showed the 4thgrade of alopecia.Conclusion: In the long-run, the patient is spared the tedious search for and expense of a wig or other forms of head coverings. Ultimately damage to hair follicle cells is minimized, hair loss is prevented or significantly reduced and the patient's self image is maintained. Therefore, diminishing the pernicious effects the penguin cold cap therapy has proven highly successful. But it is important to remind the patients that it is not successful in all cases and this depends on the individual characteristics, liver function, and drug regimen.

Introduction: Surveying the growth and development of children is an important parameter in their health assessment. Since the growth affecting agents vary in countries, it is not sensible considering a unique growth chart for all. In this research, we have studied the growth chart of children from birth to month 24 in Bandar Abbas with regard to the standard growth curve.Methods: In this descriptive study, we have selected 1000 children in 5 health center of Bandar Abbas by means of simple randomized sampling. All data about children (height & weight) and their parents' characteristics such as education and job were gathered and analyzed by means of Hest and ANOVA.Results: Contrary to the height curve, the weight curve of children was below the standard level. A significant relationship has been observed between weight curve and parent's education and father's job, but the mother's job does not have a significant effect on children growth chart.Conclusion: Weight curve of children is below the standard curve and the gap between them becomes wider in 6-18 month and parents' education and father's job have significant effects. So, as the complementary feeding and teeth budding by its concurrent co-events which all occur on 6 month old, an excellent health diplomacy must be taken.

Introduction: Family planning programs in Islamic Republic of Iran are faced with limited resources. So evaluation of family planning programs, in order to determine how much we have reached our targets, is extremely important. The easiest way to evaluate the results of these activities is using the couple-year of protection method.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted to determine the couple- year of protection (CYP) of two methods of contraception of condom and vasectomy.Two hundred condom users and 200 women whose husbands have undergone vasectomy were selected by simple random sampling from the therapeutic and health centers in Jahrom. The condom users and those resorting to vasectomy were asked about the mean coital frequency per month and the age of using permanent contraceptive method respectively, and then CYP was calculated.Results: CYP was 0.01 for condom, 14 for vasectomy in this study. Mean live - children number was 2.68±1.32 for vasectomy. CYP of vasectomy was more than Wishek coefficient.Conclusion: Regarding the importance of age of using these methods in providing protection, this method must be done in younger age. Also, CYP of condom was more than Wishek coefficient (0.01).

Introduction; Swimming pools are one of the important recreational places that due to direct relationship to different groups of people, can be a good carrier for bacterial, fungal and parasite diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate hygiene condition of the pools.Material and methods: In this descriptive study, all of active swimming pools of Bandar Abbas (based on Salvato recommendation) were selected for sampling.The number of microbial and fungal samples was 84 and 165 respectively. The volume of samples was 100, 250 and 1000 cc and sampling period was two weekly and sampling was random. Free residual chlorine and turbidity rates were tested respectively by DPD method and Lovivond turbid meter, the range of later instrument was 0-1000 NTU. Attention to hygienic and safety subjects by swimmers and operators was surveyed by questionnaire and results were analyzed by statistical indexes such as central indexes and Pearson correlation coefficient (P<0.05 = significant).Results: Chlorination of pools water in 47.3% of cases was suitable, 17.5% was unsuitable and 35.2% was zero. Variation rate of pH was 6.8-7.8 and turbidity in all of samples was less than 1 NTU and variation rate of turbidity in two cases was 1.4-9.4 NTU. 18% of total samples were polluted by Coli form bacteria.Relationship between chlorination rate and Coli form pollution was significant (r=0625 and P<0.05).The most important funguses separated from water were Aspergillus niger 44.11%, Yeast sp 35.8% Candida 33.09%, aspergillus sp 32.63%, Fusarium 27.29%, Cladspoum sp 25.79% and mucor 21.09% (no significance relationship to chlorination).Attention to safety subjects by operators was 80% and attention to hygienic subjects by swimmers was 60%.Conclusion: Attention to water disinfection, turbidity and pH control is effective in microbial pollution reduction but it is not a unique way in prevention of fungal pollution. Health habits such as body washing with soap before use of pool, correct using of entrance chlorine basin and basic sanitation of pools can reduce fungal pollution.

Introduction: Hashish and canabinoides compounds are not only the most illegally abused substances in the world but also have the most geographically extensive territory, Because of high proportion of young population in Iran, its neighborhood with Afghanistan and Pakistan, canabinoide abuse would be one of the prominent problems of Iran in the future. So this primary study was performed to determine the epidemiology of canabinoide compounds in Kerman, Methods: In this descriptive study, Urine samples of 700 males, referred to a clinical lab in Kerman city in 1382 were collected to determine canabinoid metabolites. Assessment analysis was a monophasic immunoassay rapid technique RSA (Rapid Situation Assessment). The study was completely blind and only age and residence place (rural, urban) were defined. All stages were confirmed and supervised by ethic committee.Results: The prevalence of canabinoid use was 0.6 percent. All four positive cases were urban, with ages 31, 36, 40 and 67. More than 90 percent of those referred were urban with mean age of 46.8±16 while the mean age of rural cases was 54.3±17 years.Conclusion: Considering the age range and possibility underlying disease in the study population, the prevalence of canabinoid use was more than expected, but the urinalysis as method for assessing the prevalence requires wide sample size in which the age distribution should match with study population. In addition, the entrance criteria should not include sick cases.

Introduction: Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) or bacterial vaginosis is one of the most microorganism agents of vaginitis. Malodorous vaginal discharge is the most common symptom of this vaginitis. GV can be found in vagina of asymptomatic women. Importance of this organism is for its complications during pregnancy and non pregnancy and after gynecologic operations. The purpose of this study is detection of the prevalence of GV infection in married, healthy women in health centers of Shiraz city and relation between this infection and symptoms in affected women.Methods: In this prospective study, 182 women who referred to health centers around Shiraz city for routine work-up, were selected randomly and samples from vaginal discharge were sent for direct smear gram staining and culture under standard condition and vaginal PH detection. Data analysis was made with SPSS software.Results: Laboratory methods could detect GV in 15.4% of women. The relation between symptoms and approved GV infection was not significant.Conclusion: Despite approved GV in 15.4% of women in this study, there was not a relation between infected women and their symptoms. Asymptomatic women can be an important source of complications during pregnancy, non pregnancy and after gynecologic operation.

Introduction: Educational evaluation is a continuous and regular process to describe, guide and ensure the quality of educational activities. The objective of this research is to survey the opinion of faculty of Kerman University of Medical Sciences about educational evaluation of lecturers.Methods: This study was undertaken by a questionnaire using reliable internal and external sources. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire was examined by test-retest and Delphy validity. The method of sampling was numeration. 113 questioners were collected. The Data was analyzed by SPSS software and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test was used.Results: The results indicated that in case of doing evaluation, the majority of lecturers (95.6 %) believed that an awareness of evaluations results was very effective in improving the teaching methods. In suitability of question category (attention to transfer, the concept and making students understand) was chosen as the best question to evaluate the lecturers by the students (95.6 %). The lowest score was allocated to giving some exams during the semester. In the Methods of lecturer evaluation category, multi-evaluation received the highest score (86.7%).Conclusion: Lecturers' evaluations were influenced by several factors such as: number of students, the time of completion of questionnaires, faculty grade, rank, so multi-evaluation with suitable performance and secret feedback to the lecturers is recommended. It is better to use the evaluation results to encourage the faculty and to give more accreditation to the results in annual promotion and selecting the best master.

Introduction: To compare the axial length of globe in patients with diabetic retinopathy with that in normal population and to evaluate its role in the progression of diabetic retinopathy.Methods: 150 patients with diabetic retinopathy in both eyes were compared with 150 age and sex matched non diabetic patients, referred to Motahari retina clinic of Shiraz, during fall 2000. The axial lengths of eye in both groups were measured using (ECHO-SCAN US-800 NIDEK) instrument.Results: The axial length of the eye in patients with diabetic retinopathy (both non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy) was less than that in non-diabetic patients.After omitting data of highly myopic patients (those with axial length >26 mm), axial length in patients non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy less than that in diabetics, but the difference wasn't significant between patients with proliferative retinopathy and non diabetic patients.Conclusion: The axial was lower in diabetic retinopathy patients (both nonproliferative and proliferative) than the control group. High myopia showed protective effect on the severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Introduction: Carpometocarpal and metacarpophalangeal dislocations, each are among rare dislocations in hand and wrist, and their simultaneous occurrence in the same hand is extremely rare and as case reports.Case report: Herein we report a patient in whom, simultaneous fracture/dislocation of these joints had occurred in two of the fingers of his right hand. Aside from reporting our case, a review of literature will be performed.Conclusion: This form of injury is extremely rare, most often involving the fifth ray, the reported cases have been managed in different ways and being so rare, no single treatment protocol can be suggested.