PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
Year:2018 | Volume:14 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:13

The purpose of the present study was to assessment of the effectiveness of mental immunization training on alexithymia, self-determination and life orientation of adolescents with hearing impairment. The present research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and control. The participants were 28 male adolescents with hearing impairment from Tehran District high school using an available method. Participants were divided into experimental and control groups, each group consisting of 14 adolescents. Experimental group received psychological immunization program in 10 sessions for 50 minutes while control group was kept in waiting-list. The instruments of present research were Toronto alexithymia scale, Deci & Ryan basic need satisfaction questionnaire and Scheier & Carver life orientation test (1994). Multivariate analysis of covariance was used for analyzing the data. The results of MANCOVA showed that mental immunization training had significant effect on the alexithymia, self-determination and life orientation of adolescents with hearing impairment. Therefore, mental immunization training can reduce the alexithymia and improve the self-determination and life orientation of adolescents with hearing impairment.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between illness perception, stigma and cognitive fusion with quality of life in women with Multiple sclerosis (MS). This research was a descriptive-correlational study. For this purpose, 163 women 30-60 years old with at least 5 years of diagnosis and having motor or motor-sphincter disabilities who referred to Association for the Protection of the Rights of Disabled Persons volunteered to participate in the study. The tools were Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness, Scale of Cognitive Fusion and Quality of Life Questionnaire-brief. Results indicated a significant negative relationship between illness perception, stigma and cognitive fusion with quality of life. According to the results of regression, variables of illness perception, stigma and cognitive fusion respectively predict quality of life. Thus identifying the underlying and causing factors in maintaining and improving the health status and improving the quality of life in this group of chronic patients seems necessary.

Transdiagnostic treatment is one of the new therapies that the effect of it on many psychological variables has been established. The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of Transdiagnostic Treatment on Rumination and Cognitive Avoidance in patients with Type 2 Diabetes. The research method was experimental (pretest, posttest with control group). In this research, 32 patients with type 2 diabetes in age range 40 to 50 year randomly assigned in experimental (8 males and 8 females) and control (8 males and 8 females) groups. The Ruminative Responses scale and Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire were used for collecting the data. Trans diagnostic Treatment was trained for experimental group in 12 one-hour sessions. Data were analyzed with Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results indicated that the Transdiagnostic treatment has been effective on decreasing the Rumination and decreasing thought suppression, avoidance of threatening stimuli and transformation of images into thought cognitive (three factor of Cognitive Avoidance) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes. According to results, Transdiagnostic treatment was suggested for decreasing psychological problems of patients with Type 2 Diabetes spatially Rumination and Cognitive Avoidance.

The aim of the present study was to predict subjective well-being based on cognitive emotion regulation strategies, defensive styles, honesty and psychological needs. In terms of objective, it is a fundamental research, and data collection, it is a correlation research. For this purpose, 289 students were selected using random sampling from students of the Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamadan in the academic year 2015-2016. The participants were asked to complete Subjective Well-Being Scales, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Honesty Scale, Defensive Styles Questionnaire and the Psychological Needs Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the analysis of variance and stepwise regression. The results showed that there were positive and significant relationships between the variables of honesty, positive reappraisal strategy, relationship, autonomy, and defensive style with mental well-being, and the non-developed styles of defense had a negative but non-significant relationship with mental well-being. These variables (honesty, positive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and mature defensive style were able to predict 15% of the total variance of Subjective Well-Being. The subjective well-being has positive effects on physical and psychological health of people. Thus, the findings of this study have practical implications in the clinical areas.

Given to the mediating role of psychological factors in the occurrence and exacerbation of migraine, this study aimed at explaining the mediating role of irrational beliefs in the relationship between personality dimensions and social support perception in patients with migraine. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all patients who were presented with a headache complaint at the Khatam hospital in Zahedan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran in the spring season of 2017. A total of 200 patients with migraine who were selected with the method of availability sampling and then completed the Ahvaz Migraine Questionnaire, the Wax’ s Social Support Questionnaire, the Jones’ s Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire as well as the NEO-Five Factor Inventory, Short Form. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Path Analysis, the results indicated that there was a significant relationship between all five dimensions of personality with irrational beliefs as well as social support perception The general indexes of the proposed pattern test indicated the optimal fit of the model. These findings indicate that irrational beliefs play a significant mediator role in the relationship between personality dimensions and social support perception, which in turn reducing irrational beliefs and increasing social support perception of the patients could have a significant effect on the reduction of migraine attacks.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on rumination, problem-solving styles, and cognitive emotion regulation persons with depression. The research method was pre-test and post-test with control group. From among 70 volunteer students of Payam Noor University of Dehdasht, according to the criteria for entering the research, 20 female students whose depression scores were in the depression test of Beck of 15 and over, were selected and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. Both groups filled out the Beck Depression Inventory, and Rumination Response scale and Cassidy and Long Problem-Solving Style Inventory and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire in the pretest and posttest stages. The experimental group received 8 training sessions of mindfulness whereas the control group received no treatment. Results of analysis of the co-variance indicated that the experimental group scored lower on depression, rumination, inefficient problem-solving styles and cognitive emotion regulation. Furthermore, the experimental group scored higher on efficient problem solving styles, compatible cognitive emotion regulation as compared with the control group. In conclusion, result showed that mindfulness training can help with the reduction of depression, rumination, and improve problem-solving styles and cognitive emotion regulation.

By considering the crucial role of women in family and society, detecting the effective factors on women addiction as a predicament, is so important. The goal of present study was to assess the stressor life events, resiliency and alexithymia as predictors of substance misuse in women of Tehran city. The statistical society of the study was all addicted and non-addicted women of Tehran city. For that 51 addicted and 51 non-addicted women were picked through convenience sampling and Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale, Resilience Scale of Connor and Davidson and Alexithymia Inventory were administered to them. Analyzing the data via discriminant analysis showed that discriminate function can significantly differ between two groups of addict and non-addict women. Also it was found that stressful life events, resilience and externally oriented thinking style were the best predictors for addiction in women. The findings clarified the importance of these factors in distinguishing addict and non-addict women, hence these factors can be used in prevention and treatment of addiction in women.

The aim of this study was to predict psychological well-being based on coping strategies and alexithymia. The research method was correlational survey. The statistical population was all female high school students in Sabzevar city in the academic year of 2015-2016. 330 students were selected by multi-stage random sampling method. The research instruments were Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), Ryff Scale of Psychological Well-Being (RSPWB) and the Lazarus and Folkman Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The findings showed that there was a significant positive relationship between problem-based strategies and psychological well-being and a significant negative correlation between emotion-based strategies and alexithymia with psychological well-being. The results of regression analysis indicated prediction of psychological well-being based on coping strategies and alexithymia. Considering the results of the research, teaching compatible problem-based strategies and identifying and well-timed treatment of emotional deficits in order to improve the psychological well-being of students is recommended.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive and cognitive-behavioral therapies on psychological well-being of perfectionist students. This was quasi-experimental study with pre/ post-test design and control group. The statistical population consisted of girls students with perfectionist in 2017 of Rasht city. The sample consisted of 69 perfectionist students that assigned in 3 groups (2 experimental groups and 1 control groups). The instruments were used Stober, s Clinical Perfectionisim Scale and Short Form of Reff, s Psychological well being Questionnaire. The positive therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy were applied to the experimental groups in 10 weekly sessions of 90 minutes each, whereas control groups have on intervention. The results of ANCOVA showed positive therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy can increse psychological well being. The results of ANOVA showed positive therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy can decrese clinical perfectionism in students. There were no significant differenc between psychological well-being and clinical perfectionism in the positive therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy. The findings indicated that positive therapy as new therapeutic area to the extent of psychology, is effective as much as cognitive-behavioral therapy, and can be used as an alternative treatment.

The present research aimed at examining the effectiveness of group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on negative automatic thoughts, aggression and dysfunctional attitudes of aggressive students. The research method was semi-experimental, pretest-posttest design with control group. With using of Hollon & Kendall`s automatic thoughts, Wissman, Beck`s dysfunctional attitudes and Ahwaze aggression questionnaires, 30 aggressive students with above negative automatic thoughts, aggression and dysfunctional attitudes were randomly selected and were randomly assigned to experimental and control group(15 persons in each group). The experiment group receive 8 sessions of MBCT techniques on Segal & et al instruction package and the control group did not receive any training. After MBCT training, negative automatic thoughts, aggression and dysfunctional attitudes of the control and experimental group people were measured again. The finding were analysed with using multivariate covariance analysis(Man Cova). Calculated amounts for negative automatic, aggression and dysfunction attitudes variables showed significant differences in both two groups. Generally, present research findings indicate that MBCT method can be as an effective intervention in decreasing the negative automatic thoughts, aggression rate and dysfunction attitudes of aggressive students.