Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
Year:2001 | Volume:6 | Issue:23|Papers Count:9

Now a days, the world experience different levels of regional economic intergration in defferent regions. In the region surrounding Iran, also, there exist two regional economic arrangements called ECO & GCC, which can be considered as Irans paterntial natural trade partners. At first, there seems to be clear deefferences among the member statis of the two arrangements, including, inter alia, incongruous economic structures, uneven development, Valying political systems, and ethnic 8 cultrural diversity. In the following article hower, wh have examined the feasibility of establishing an initial effective core for economic integration in the region. To this end, as all of the two arrangements are not efficient economic actors, we have to seek countries enjoying the minimum international macro-economic capabilities necessary to constitute the intial core. The following article consists of seven parts as follows: introduction, IR theoretical life rature on economic integration, international maro-economic variables & the regional core, selection of countries, the methodlolgy of country ranking, ranking results for feasibiling assessment, and conclusion. Finally, according to the present research results, in terms of economic capabilities & trade relations, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, and UAE are the most eligible countries to constitute the initial core for a regional economic intergration.

The enhancement of productive capabilities and potentials in any economy requires payin special attention to industrial sector and the expansion of investment in that sector. The wast technological changes which haveoccurred in recent decades have given rics to the diversity of demands and choice among consumers and by adding new dimension to industrial activities have expanded the scope ant the extent of these endeavors. These factors together with limited financial resources available for investment and the heterogeneity of different areas with different geographical characteristics within the regions have made the adoption of regional planning inevitable. To accomplish the task and in order to embark upon regional planning the identification of the special properties of the regions within the country is a prerequisite for efficient and optimum utilization of limited resources. It also helps the purpose of formulation regional plans in line and commensurate with special needs and requirements of each region. In this paper in an effort to determine the capabilities and potentials of industrial sector in Isfahan province, the different industrial activities of the province have been ranked according to their comparatives of the province have been ranked according to their comparative advantage and their asslliated degree. For this purpose by drawing upon relevant indexes and data for the period 1374-1378 (1995-1999) and using factor analysis and taxonomy approach the different industrial activities of the province have been ranked in terms of double - digit SITC, Rev 3, codes. The results demonstrate that in the period under investigation, the highest affiliated degree accrue to th3e major stell industry production, Coke production, Oil refineries, Chemical and mineral productions. Furthermore the industries of comparative advantage are determined and introduced.

The enhancement of productive capabilities and potentials in any economy requires payin special attention to industrial sector and the expansion of investment in that sector. The wast technological changes which haveoccurred in recent decades have given rics to the diversity of demands and choice among consumers and by adding new dimension to industrial activities have expanded the scope ant the extent of these endeavors. These factors together with limited financial resources available for investment and the heterogeneity of different areas with different geographical characteristics within the regions have made the adoption of regional planning inevitable. To accomplish the task and in order to embark upon regional planning the identification of the special properties of the regions within the country is a prerequisite for efficient and optimum utilization of limited resources. It also helps the purpose of formulation regional plans in line and commensurate with special needs and requirements of each region. In this paper in an effort to determine the capabilities and potentials of industrial sector in Isfahan province, the different industrial activities of the province have been ranked according to their comparatives of the province have been ranked according to their comparative advantage and their asslliated degree. For this purpose by drawing upon relevant indexes and data for the period 1374-1378 (1995-1999) and using factor analysis and taxonomy approach the different industrial activities of the province have been ranked in terms of double - digit SITC, Rev 3, codes. The results demonstrate that in the period under investigation, the highest affiliated degree accrue to th3e major stell industry production, Coke production, Oil refineries, Chemical and mineral productions. Furthermore the industries of comparative advantage are determined and introduced.

This paper addresses measuring the comparative advantage of fast moving auto pats during a five-year period based on Domestic Resource Cost method (on the basisi of industrial accounts method). Due to taking advantage of yp-to-date, shadow prices etc, using this new approach for evaluating the DRC in the above-mentioned products is more dfficient than previous methods. So the present paper firstly addresses measuring the indices of DRC and then - after introducing the methodology of the new approach to DRC - addresses meansuring the comparative advantage of several selected companies producing fast-moving auto parts and analyses it.

Inflation has always been viewed as one of the most important economic indictors. Although there is widely defferent opinions among economists as to the impacts of inflation on economy, but they all agree that the advese affects of high and hyperinflation should be controlled and curtailed. The classical economists believe that the driving force behind inflation is of monetary nature and the phenomenon is mainly due to the expansion of liquidly. They also believe that the driving force behind inflation is of monetary nature and the phenomenon is mainly due to the expansion of liquidly. They also believe that in the Long run money is neutral.Among the classical economists those monetarists who believe in rational expectation argue that rational expectation leads to the neuterality of money in the long run. Furthermore these economists go further and state that even in the short run, that portion of money which its growth could be predicted, would be neutral.The main purpose of this article is testing the latter school of thought in Iranian economy. In this respect the maximum likelihood methode of Johansson. S, and k. Juselius has been employed. The results demonstrate that the growth of money and inflation are co-integrated and a one percent increase in money growth leads to 0.9 percent increase in inflationFurthermore for combining short and long run relationship, the error correction model has been used, The result is to the effect that 18 percent of disequilibria between real and equilibrium rate of inflation is removed or adjusted in each period. The results also show that there is casualty relationship between growth of money and inflation.Finally and based on the results obtained, it is recommended than in the process of decision makin, the authorities should take into account the role of rational expectation and strengthening the independence of Central Bank. Furthermore it is recommended than the financial deficit of government be financed from other sources and not from the expansion of liquidity of monetization of deficits

Grapes are one of the most important horticulture products. The different verities of this product is to the extent that its production is possible in different regions and different climates. As far as the Sistan & Balutchestan province is concerned grapes production constitutes one of the most important horticulture products of the province. As regards the marketing the produt is distributed among 12 markets for sale. These markets are composed of the province itsel, the market of adjacect provinces and Tehran. As to the market of grapesin the province itself one could Divide it into two sub markets of Sistan & Balutchestan. The results obtained from mathematical models and Shepherd and Fatrell definitions, demonstrate thant the efficiency in Sistan market is 31 percent higher than the Balutchestan market. In comparison with other regions within the country, the marketing of the grapes produced in Sistan & Balutchestan province faces more obstacles and difficulties. The negative role played by intermediaries is one of these problems. Other Factors which impediment the efficient the dfficient marketing of the products are: wholesale pricing system, which dosent properly take into account the production costs, undesirable retail pricing system, Which by Charging the costs of decayed products to consumers acts to the detriment of consumers interests. Furthermore, the indfficiencies in packing and transportation and lack of proper processing industries and storage facilities lead to the sharp decrease of the price of grapes during the harvest season which in turn acts as a disincentive factor for its production. The paper by indentifying these and other impediments in the way of marketing of grapes in the province concludes with recommendations to improve its market share in the markets concerned

The message of economic globalisation expands transactions of goods between countries and makes it inevitable to constitute appropriate foundations for the world trade expansion. This requires suitable customs to handle this immense trade volume. An effective and efficient customs, not only help the government to implement national and international measures, but also can generate a stable stream of income. On the other hand, it brings a vivid flow of in-out of goods that would also assist economic decision makers. One of the defined systems aiming at fulfilling this objective is Automated Systems for Customs and Management (ASYCUDA). Since 1996, Iran customs has launched ASYCUDA, the system recommended by the United Nations to facilitate trade. The present paper is derived from a research project titled "The efficiency of ASYCUDA System in Irans customs in the Eyes Staff and Forwarders". The method employed in this study was elevating description. The highlights of the study results are as follows: From the view of forwarders ASYCUDA system does not have any effect on the expedition and easiness of their tasks. Both staff and forwarders see no effects of the system on custom services quality or sliding the fallacies down. Staffs view the system as having no effects on their skills. Forwarders see it as ineffective in bringing costs down.