Armaghane Danesh
Year:2015 | Volume:20 | Issue:8 (103)|Papers Count:11

Background & aim: Osteoarthritis is a common disease and painful arthritis of unknown etiology. The disease is associated with age and more in middle age and older. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and secreta in healing of induced OA in guinea pig.Methods: BM-MSCs were extracted from guinea pig bone and cultured. OA was induced by cutting the anterior cruciate ligament in 15 guinea pigs. Then, 106 BM-MSCs at 3rd passage were administered to 5 animals, secreta was injected to 5 other and 5 were kept as the control group as untreated. After three months, the healing processes were evaluated by testing of histopathology and radiological parameters. The data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and and P<0.05 was considered as significant difference.Results: The radiological assessment showed a significant reduction of OA in stem cells and secreta groups in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). Also OA histological feature in stem cells and secreta groups was better than control group. However, the matrix distribution of articular cartilage and collagen types 1 and 2 in secreta group were significantly better than other groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results showed that the use of BM-MSCs and their secreta in treatment of OA was associated with reduction of radiological and histological index of OA.

Background & aim: Hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus. Different antigens produced in larval stage of this parasite that recombinant vaccine base these antigens created significant immunity in infected animals. One of the important antigens is p14-3-3 that its recombinant antigen created considerable immunity in mouse models. In the present study, according to the high immunity of antigen epitopes region, the coding sequence of T-cell epitopes of P14-3-3 was cloned into pEGFP-N1vector in order to produce an effective DNA vaccine model to stimulate high level of Th1 immune response.Methods: In the current study, bioinformatics tools were used for the prediction of linear T-Cell epitopes of Echinococcus granulosus P14-3-3 antigen. The nucleotide coding sequence of these epitopes was synthesized by PCR. The ampliqon was digested with XhoI restriction enzyme and cloned into pEGFP–N1 vector which had been purificated by modified by the Sambrook method with CaCl2 and PEG6000.Positive colony was selected by direct colony PCR and confirmed by the sequencing. The evaluation of its expression in Eukaryotic cells was done by transformed of CHO cell line with electroporation.Results: Linear T-cell epitopes of Echinococcus granulosus P14-3-3 after prediction, synthesis and amplification were successfully cloned into pEGFP-N1 vector that purificated by new method with maximum vector and minimum RNA concentration. The expression of new construct in CHO cell line as a eukaryotic cells achievement by fluorescent microscope will be used as a DNA vaccine model for the evaluation of immuno response in mouse models.Conclusion: Successfully cloning of the linear T-cell epitppes coding sequence of Echinococcus granulosus P14-3-3 antigen into pEGFP-N1 verified by sequencing and fluorscent microscope images demonstrated the expression of recombinant protein in CHO cell line.

Background & aim: Poisoning with carbon tetrachloride produces free radicals in the body tissues including testicleses. Medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine for its treatment. In the present study, the protective effect of Avicennia marina leaves extract on spermatogenesis in male rats induced with carbon tetrachloride was investigated.Methods: In the present experimental study, 42 male rats were divided into six groups including control group (receiving saline normal), sham ( receiving olive oil), group induced CCl4 (receiving 2ml/kg carbon tetrachloride with 1:1 with olive oil, single dose, i.p), and treated groups 1, 2, and 3 (receiving 2 ml/kg carbon tetrachloride with 1:1 with olive oil, single dose and the extract with daily dosages of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg, i.p). Two hours after injecting carbon tetrachloride, the extract was injected peritoneally for 4 days. Then, the testes weight, sperm count, sperm count and motility was assessed. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test.Results: This study revealed that the number and mobility of the sperms in the group induced by CCl4 showed a significant reduction (P<0.001) .The study also showed that carbon tetrachloride causes necrosis of the testistubuls (P<0.001) .The GSI index in treated groups compared to carbon tetrachloride receiving group increased significantly (P<0.001).Conclusions: Avicennia marina leaves extract contains anti-oxidants and has a protective effect against carbon tetrachloride toxic effects.

Background & aim: Because of its ubiquitous nature, ability to survive in moist environments, and innate resistance to many antibiotics and antiseptics, P. aeruginosa is a common pathogen in hospitals. The goals of this study were detection of Psudomonas aeruginosa harboring blaCTX gene causing infections in hospitals and determination of their susceptibility to antibiotics and ESBL production.Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, clinical samples from hospitalized patients were collected and culture was done on apropriate media. Final identification was performed using biochemical tests and API 20NE system. According to the protocol CLSI 2014 disc diffusion, combination disk, modified hodge test (MHT) and E-test were used for antibiotic susceptibility, ESBL production, carbapenemas production, and MIC values of imipenem respectively. The blaCTX gene was detected in the isolates by PCR molecular method.Results: In the current study, 45 isolates of Pseudomonas aeroginosa were obtained from hospitalized patients, consisting of 19 males (42.2%) and 26 females (57.8%). As observed, 57.8% (26 strains) of isolates were recovered from sputum. The most effective antibiotics against isolates were amikacin and colistin with 97.8% suseptibility whereas the highest resistance was to cefotaxime (97.8%). As revealed 77.8% of isolates showed response to group 2 carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem). All imipenem resistant strains had the MIC more than 32. Seventeen strains (37.7%) were showed resistant to quinolones (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin). The results of PCR on blaCTX gene indicated that 15.5% of the isolates possess the gene.Conclusion: Carbapenem group of antibiotic in 22% of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were ineffective and indiscriminate prescribing of these drugs will increase the ratet of resistance.

Background & aim: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is responsible for many diseases such as herpes labialis, conjunctivitis, encephalitis, and infections of newborns. Several antiviral drugs including acyclovir, penciclovir and valacyclovir which inhibit the virus-specific enzymes such as DNA polymerase have been used against HSV-1 infections. Occurrence of infections caused by Herpes simplex virus and also the growing rate of virus resistance to common drug has increased. Rosmarinus officinalis with the scientific name (Rosmarinus officinalis) has several compounds with antibacterial properties, antioxidant and anti-fungal properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiviral effect of rosemary extract on herpes simplex virus type one in HeLa cell.Methods: In the present experimental study, the cytotoxic effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of R. officinalis in different concentrations at 2-0.1 mg/ml was determined on Hela cell line monolayer by trypan blue and 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) methods. The maximum range of non-toxic concentration of R. officinalis extract on Hela cell line was determined. Direct effect of concentration of aforementioned extract was examined in extracellular condition and after that antiviral effect of maximum non-toxic and lower concentrations was evaluated in different periods of virus replication in Hela cell line. Virus titer was measured by tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID50) methods.Results: The results showed that the hydro-alcoholic extract of R.officinalis at the concentration of 0.6 mg/ml was determined as non-toxic on Hela cell line .This concentration did not have significant virucidal effects on Herpes simplex virus. This concentration had maximum antiviral effects on virus replication. The maximum antiviral effects of extract were exhibited immediately after virus adsorption and 1 hour after cells infection. In this condition, the virus titer decreased significantly compared to control and other times of virus replication.Conclusion: In accordance with the results of the present study, photochemical constituents in hydro-alcoholic extract of R. officinalis had predominant effects on early stage of viral replication and it seems that R. officinalis had therapeutic effects on herpes simplex virus infections.

Background & aim: In vitro maturation of oocytes is a promising technique for reducing the costs and complications of ovarian stimulation by gonadotropins. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of combination of insulin-like growth factor-1 and antioxidant cysteamine and b-Mercaptoethanol on maturation and fertilization of immature oocytes.Methods: in this experimental study, following 48 hrs injection of 7.5 IU PMSG to immature female mice, the germinal vesicle oocytes from ovaries were removed and transferred to TCM199 culture medium containing 50 ng/ml insulin-like growth factor-1 and 100 mmol Cysteamine and b-Mercaptoethanol. After 24 hrs of culture, the oocytes of MII in IVF were fertilized and embryonic development to the two cells was studied under an inverted microscope. Data analysis was performed by using ANOVA and Post hoc Tukey test.Results: The results showed that the rate of maturation, fertilization and 2-cell embryo formation in GV oocytes with cumulus cells in TCM199 medium containing insulin-like growth factor-1, Cysteamine and BME were 92.10, 93.30, 80.60% and in the GV oocytes without Cumulus cells were cultured in the same medium were 65.80, 64.00, 58.60% respectively which were statistically significant (P<0.001).Conclusion: In the present study, the simultaneous combination of insulin-like growth factor-1, b-Mercaptoethanol and CYS increased maturation, fertilization and developmental rate to 2-cells stage with cumulus cells more than the oocyte without cumulus cells to a greater extent. This represented the need of adding supplemental growth factors and antioxidants to the medium and is associated with cumulus cells.

Background & aim: In the recent years, athletes were used of dietary supplements and different resistace training to improve power, speed, increase muscle mass, prevent sports injuries and maintain muscular function. The aim of the present study was to compare the influence of an 8 week period consumption of creatine and glutamine along with resistance exercise on level of ALP of female mice.Methods: The present experimental study was conducted on 80 small adult female mice of Surrey species (28±5 gram). The animals were randomly divided into 8 groups of: resistance exercise, resistance exercise plus creatine, resistance exercise plus glutamine, resistance exercise plus glutamine and creatine, creatine, glutamine, creatine plud glutamine and control groups (N=10). Resistance exercise (5 days a week) included: climbing (4 sets, 5 times repetition with two minutes rest between the sets) from a ladder (with the height of one meter and including 26 steps) and bearing 30 percent of the weight of the Mouse body (hanging from tail) in the first week and the increasing it up to 200 percent of body weight till the last week of the experiment. During 48 hours after the last practice session of resistance exercise, blood samples were taken and the level of ALP was measured. After reviewing normality and variancees equality, data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests.Results: The results showed that the level of ALP enzyme in creatine, glutamine, resistance exercise group had increased in comparison with the control group (P<0.05). Also tracking test results showed significant differences in the rat liver ALP by taking supplements with each other and with the control group (001/0=p).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that resistance training with creatine, glutamine supplementation increased the liver enzyme levels ALP in mice.

Background & aim: Dependence on drugs is a prevalent problem throughout the world, particularly in Iran. Such a phenomenon is associated with numerous negative consequences. Given the changes in the consumption patterns in different countries, especially in Iran, and the abuse of drugs, identifying the factors which may pave the way for drug abuse is absolutely essential, which can be taken into account in setting the objectives of therapy programs. The aim of this study was to assess early maladaptive schemas among those dependent on drug and independent people.Methods: The research design implemented in the present study was causal-comparative. The population of interest was all men dependent on drugs in the Yasuj city, Iran, who were referred to recovery centers affiliated to welfare organization and Yasuj University of Medical Sciences in the year of2014 and were undergoing treatment. Using multi-stage cluster sampling, initially out of 23 centers for recovery programs, four centers were randomly chosen. Following that, out of each center, 20 and in total, 80 clients were chosen as the sample through convenience sampling. In addition, 80 men not dependent on drugs were chosen through matching with the sample dependent on drugs in terms of age, gender and locality. For the purpose of measuring early maladaptive schemas, we made use of the short version of Young’s early maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire. In order to determine the prevalent schemas in men dependent on drugs and those not dependent and exhibiting the difference between the two groups, use was made of independent-sample t-test and the effect size (D).Results: The findings suggested that mean values of those dependent on drugs in all the schemas in question were significantly higher than those of not-dependent men. Although the difference in effect size of all schemas fell in the domain of the large effect, the largest difference in effect size between the two groups was related to early maladaptive schemas, emotional deprivation (7.11), failure (d=5.34), subjugation (d=5.34) and abandonment (d=4.2).Conclusion: The presence and severity of early maladaptive schemas among dependent individuals may represent a potential risk or indicator typical of drug abuse. The conclusion that early maladaptive schemas is prevalent among youths dependent on drugs, compared with those not dependent, provides vital information for treating people dependent on drugs.