Yafteh
Year:2017 | Volume:19 | Issue:1 (71)|Papers Count:17

Background: Infertility is a multifactorial disease. Hormonal disorders and genetic factors are important in female infertility. Development and maturation of ovulation are depending on the molecular signaling pathways in response to androgens. Over hundreds of mutations leading to resistance gene function in androgen receptor (AR) has been recorded. One of them is polymorphic region 5' UTR. Thus regarding to the role of androgen receptor in infertility, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between gene mutations AR and infertility in Iranian women.Materials and Methods: In this study of 50 infertile women and 80 healthy women as a control, blood samples were taken. After extraction of DNA, PCR method was used to determine the AR gene mutations.Results: In the present study in '5UTR area at position+25 androgen receptor gene a T nucleotide deletion was observed., therefore single nucleotide mutations did not change in the androgen receptor gene expression, so indicates the lack of communication between the AR gene mutations in the promoter region of 23 to 214+in women with infertility. According to the results of this study are significant differences between the two groups of patients and healthy women was not found (P=0.5).Conclusion: Results indicated no correlation between mutations in the promoter region of 23 to 214+AR genes in the population studied women with infertility.

Background: The prevalence of obesity has increased all over the world, putting people under serious health risks. Research on psychological factors involved in obesity can be an effective step to prevent and treat obesity. Thus, the present research investigated the relationship between personality traits and eating behavior among individuals with high and normal body mass index.Materials and Methods: The present study was causal-comparative and the population were included women referring to hospitals and clinics in Districts 1 and 2 in Tehran as well as women with normal weight living in these two districts. Of these, 150 women (75 overweight and 75 normal weights) were selected using convenience sampling. They were asked to complete NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ the data obtained were analyzed using independent t-test.Results: The results of the study showed that Openness to Experience and Cognitive Restraint in obese individuals were significantly less than those who had a normal weight. Inversely, Emotional Eating and Uncontrolled Eating among obese individual were significantly higher than what was observed for individuals with a normal weight.Conclusion: Openness to Experience, Cognitive Restraint, Emotional Eating, and Uncontrolled Eating can play a significant role in obesity. That needs more attention.

Background: Despite regular exercise benefits, acute exhaustive exercise elicits oxidative damage in liver. The present study aims to investigate the effects of a week aqueous Saffron extracts consumption on malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) Antioxidant enzymes alterations content of liver of young male rats following an acute bout of exhaustive exercise.Materials and Methods: We randomly classified 48 Wistar male rats were assigned into following three groups 16 rats per group: 1) control 1 (saffron extract solvent); 2) control 2 (saffron extract solvent+training); 3) experimental (aqueous saffron extract, 50 mg/kg+training). After a week, half of each group were killed without exhaustive, but the remaining rats (control 2 and experimental) were killed immediately after performed an acute bout of exhaustive exercise and SOD, CAT, GPx and MDA in their liver were measured.Results: The MDA level and anti-oxidant enzymes activities didn't change significantly, in the liver tissue in experimental group unlike control group of rats following an acute bout of exhaustive exercise Conclusion: The consumption aqueous extract of saffron stigma in rats leads to the reinforcemen of the antioxidant defense system and prevented the MDA level and anti-oxidant enzymes defense system in the liver tissue of rats following an acute bout of exhaustive exercise.

Background: Cancer is a complex disease with genetic alterations. One of the many ways to improve and prevent this patient is chemotherapy that due to the emergence of drug resistance, side effects of synthetic drugs and high medical potential of plants, the aim of this study was to investigate anticancer activity of the methanolic extract of Allium Jesdianum and Nectaroscordeum Coelzi (Liliaceae family) against human cancer HeLa and K562 cell lines.Materials and Methods: In an experimental study, after acquiring methanolic Allium Jesdianum and Nectaroscordeum Coelzi extracts, their effects on HeLa and K562 cell lines were investigated and compared with cyclophosphamide standard drug at 24, 48, 72 hour after incubation and different concentrations of extracts ranging from 31.25 to 250 mg/ml using MTT assay.Results: In vitrobiological results indicated that inhibition of the titled cell lines in a dose dependent manner. Also, based on the data obtained, most toxicity is 48 hour after increase of plant extracts. Nectaroscordeum Coelzi extract treated HeLa cell line exhibited higher toxic effects than Allium Jesdianum extract, whereas Allium Jesdianum extract exhibit stronger cytotoxicity than Nectaroscordeum Coelzi extract at the tested concentrations on K562 cell lines. Additionally, the screening data reveal that the selected extracts were more potent in comparison with cyclophosphamide against the studied cell lines.Conclusion: This study demonstrates effectiveness of methanolic Allium Jesdianum and Nectaroscordeum Coelzi extracts in cervical and leukemia cancer for the first time. Furthermore, the tested extracts can be used to investigate in vivo studies.

Background: The following study is done to recognize causes of the drugs abuse tendency and psychoactive drugs from viewpoint of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences students.Materials and Methods: The method of the following study is descriptive survey with purpose. The statistic groups are the university students of medical university of Lorestan and its colleges between 2014 and 2015. To take samples we used the Morgan table and the numbers of participants is 335 in a random order. In this study, to analysis the data, we use the descriptive statistics in two ways. The first part is descriptive statistics, like use of frequency tables, charts, and in second part the analysis is done by inferential descriptive statistics (sample test one). The data were analyzed using SPSS version 19.Results: The results showed that, personal, social and interpersonal factors has effects on student tendency toward using drugs (p<0.01). According to the findings among personal factors positive attitude toward drugs 23.3 depression 20.8 and not being able to intolerance of failure have the most possible mean and curiosity and aggression with 13.58 has the least possible mean among interpersonal and environmental factors related to family with the mean of 30.96 has the most possible mean and school related factors has the least possible mean 17.67.Also in social factors in accessibility to systems of services, support systems and consultative systems had the most possible mean with 34.27 and drug market in Iran has the least possible mean with 20.67.Among following factors interpersonal factor had the most impression with 122.62.Conclusion: It seems that running comprehensive educational programs and increasing awareness, enriching the leisure times can increase awareness of students and finally leads to prevention drugs, furthermore educating the students will make them more aware and keeps them away from drugs.

Background: In males, testosterone reduction is one of the complications of renal ischemia. Olive leaf is a significant source of bioactive phenolic compounds. They have better antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory and radical scavenging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of olive leaf extract (OLE) on serum level of Gonadotropins and testosterone.Materials and Methods: In this study forty- nine male rats were randomly divided into seven groups: 1) control: which were intact animals 2) I/R 1h, 3) I/R 1h+OLE, 4) I/R 2h, 5) I/R 2h+OLE), 6) I/R 24h and 7) I/R 24h+OLE. The animals in 3,5 and 7 groups received 100 mg/kg olive leaf extract in 0.5 ml drinking water using gavages for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, levels of urea, Creatinin FSH, LH and testosterone were determined in serum.Results: The results showed that serum urea and Creatinin level in the control group was significantly lower than other groups (P<0.05). also, revealed that serum level of testosterone in I/R 24h group significantly decreased in comparison with I/R 24h+olive leaf extract group (P<0.05).Conclusion: This study indicated that oral administration of olive leaf extract can prevent from testosterone reduce in I/R 24h group.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease on the central nervous system with signs and symptoms such as fatigue and reduced functional capacity. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of core stability exercises on functional capacity and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis.Materials and Methods: The present quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest design. The subjects with the age of 20-40, expanded disability status scale (EDSS) 1-4 and purposefully and voluntarily selected and randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups. Training program for groups were carried out in eight weeks, three sessions per week and each session one hour. Functional reach test (FR) was used to measure functional capacity and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) was used to measure fatigue. The data were analyzed by paired and independent sample t-test at a significance level of 0.05.Results: The results showed that core stability training led to a significant increase in functional capacity and a significant reduction in fatigue (P£ 0.05). Also significant differences observed in functional capacity and fatigue scale in post-test between experimental and control groups (P£ 0.05).Conclusion: According to research findings, the core stability exercises can be factor for considerable improvement in functional capacity and reduced fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis.Furthermore, the respective specialists can use these exercise as a complementary treatment along with the drug therapy for patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: A number of studies have shown a clear relationship between diet and component of metabolic syndrome. Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), attitude and subjective norm are factors affecting behavioral intention and subsequently behavior. The aim of the present study is to design a valid questionnaire identifying factors affecting nutritional behavior among patients with metabolic syndrome.Materials and Methods: Via literature review, six focus group discussion and interview with nutrition specialists were performed to develop an instrument based on the theory of reasoned action. To determine validity of the instrument, content and face validity analyses with 15 expert panels conducted and also to determine reliability, Cronbach's Alpha coefficient performed.Results: A draft of 100 items questionnaire was developed and after evaluation of validity and reliability, final questionnaire included 46 items: 17 items for attitude, 13 items for subjective norms and 16 items for behavioral intention. For the final questionnaire average of content validity index was 0.92 and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was 0.85.Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study the developed questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument and it can be used to identify factors affecting nutritional behavior among people with metabolic syndrome based on the theory of reasoned action.

Background: Aspergillus species are opportunistic pathogens among immunocompromised patients. In terms of pathogenesis and mycotoxin production, they are in great value. The aim of the this study was to evaluate of beta-tubulin gene for identification of clinicalAspergillus species by PCR-sequencing method compared to morphological features of clinical isolates (such as conidial shape in direct microscopic examination, colony shape in culture, and physiological tests).Materials and Methods: In this study, 465 patients referred to the Shefa laboratory of Isfahan were evaluated. Morphological and molecular identification of clinical samples were performed using culture on sabouraud agar, malt extract agar, czapekdox agar, direct microscopy, and PCR-sequencing of beta tubulin gene, respectively. Sequences were analyzed in comparison with gene bank data.Results: Thirty nine out of 465 suspected cases (8.4%) had aspergillosis. The most prevalent species were Aspergillus flavus (56.4%), A. oryzae (20.5%), and A. fumigatus (10.2%), respectively. Fifty nine percent of patients were females and 49% were males.Conclusion: In comparison with phenotypic tests, sequencing of beta-tubulin gene for identification of Aspergillus species is at great value. Replacement of molecular techniques with conventional tests is recommended for precise identification of microorganism for better management of infection.

Background: Obesity and overweight are related to biological factors, individual, social, economic factors, different cultural factors and feeding behavior. Recognizing these factors can be a guidance of interventions relating to prevention and control of obesity in children and teenagers.The present study was aimed to study determinant factors of obesity and overweight in students of Khorramabad city.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 3387 students from age 6 to 14 were selected by combinative, multistage grouped and clustered sampling. Students' height and weight were measured and also body mass index (BIM) was calculated. In order to determine the prevalence, body mass index was used for age in NCHS table and evidence up 95 was regarded as obese and 85 to 95 was regarded as overweight.Results: The relation of overweight and obesity in students with kind of school, family size, parental education and family income was very significant (p<0.001). Obesity and overweight were more prevalent in students of non-profit schools and families with more income. Students whose parents had higher education, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was more. There wasn't a significant relation between overweight and obesity and pubertal status (p=0.1).Conclusion: Overweight and obesity in case study students were related to individual and external factors. Of these factors, we can mention factors such as gender, birth rank, family size and parental education.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury arising from testicular torsion can result in bilateral testicular damages. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of doxycycline (DC) administration on epididymal sperm disorders following experimental unilateral testicular ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in mice.Materials and Methods: Experiments were performed on five equal groups each comprising six adult male mice. Following anaesthesia, IR was induced by clamping left testicular vessels with an atraumatic microvascular clamp for 30 minutes in IR group. In IR+DC group, in addition, mice received DC (2.5 mg/kg per day) intraperitoneally for 3 days starting from the day of induction of experimental IR. Vehicle-treated control group, sham-operated control group and DC-only treated group were also included. Ipsilateral and contralateral epididymal sperm characteristics were evaluated after 35 days.Results: Ischemia-reperfusion caused significant decreases in the both epididymides sperms concentration, viability and motility compared to the control group. Moreover, sperm cell apoptosis in both the ischemic and the contralateral epididymides and the percentage of sperm abnormality in ipsilateral epididymis increased significantly after IR. Doxycycline treatment attenuated all IR-induced negative changes in the above-noted parameters.Conclusion: These findings provide evidence that DC treatment may have potentially protective effects against long-term reproductive injuries following unilateral testicular IR.

Background: To provide, maintain and promote the health of children as a vulnerable group in the health service has a special place. So, the first step in reducing mortality and improve their health, identify causes of morbidity and mortality.Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, the main causes of neonate death in the case of neonatal who died in Aboozar hospital in 1390 were extracted, then based on the new international coding of diseases (International Coding Of Disease version 10) were categorized and the information on gestational age, type of delivery, birth weight, sex and age after birth.Results: Five main causes of death were generally: prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, asphyxia and intracranial hemorrhage. It was also revealed that the causes of death in neonatal with low birth weight premature neonatal are similar and include: respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, asphyxia and intracranial hemorrhage. In this study, between death and gestational age, mode of delivery, age after birth and birth weight there were a significant relationship, but no significant relationship between the death and age.Conclusion: While in this study infection as the primary cause of death in neonatal, but important cause of mortality in preterm and low birth weight had no major difference with other studies. According to its ease and efficiency ICD10 and determine the underlying causes of neonatal mortality, neonatal death certificates this classification is recommended.