To evaluate the effect of varicocele on fertility , young white Wilstar rats whose fertility had been confirmed in previous coituses were operated . Experimental varicocele was established in male rats by partial ligation of the left renal vein . Then incision was sutured and the animals were cared . Four weeks after surgery , rats underwent another laparatomy and were inspected for induced varicocele . One month later circumstances were prepared for coituses of all rats . Orchidectomy performed after coitus and vaginal plaque observation . Testes were examined histologically . Left sided and bilateral varicocele were observed in about all of experimental rats . It was never seen in control group . In the period of rats coupling , female rats were observed for vaginal plaque . Every vaginal plaque was recorded with related male rat characteristics . Incidence of vaginal plaque in female rats were related to affection of male to varicocele . In histological observation with light microscopy , atrophy of testes and depeletion of spermatozoa were seen in varicocele affected rats . But condition in control group were unchanged . After affection to varicocele in the left side , it was seen frequently in the right side with unknown cause .