Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2002 | Volume:9 | Issue:2 (24)|Papers Count:17

To evaluate the effect of varicocele on fertility , young white Wilstar rats whose fertility had been confirmed in previous coituses were operated . Experimental varicocele was established in male rats by partial ligation of the left renal vein . Then incision was sutured and the animals were cared . Four weeks after surgery , rats underwent another laparatomy and were inspected for induced varicocele . One month later circumstances were prepared for coituses of all rats . Orchidectomy performed after coitus and vaginal plaque observation . Testes were examined histologically . Left sided and bilateral varicocele were observed in about all of experimental rats . It was never seen in control group . In the period of rats coupling , female rats were observed for vaginal plaque . Every vaginal plaque was recorded with related male rat characteristics . Incidence of vaginal plaque in female rats were related to affection of male to varicocele . In histological observation with light microscopy , atrophy of testes and depeletion of spermatozoa were seen in varicocele affected rats . But condition in control group were unchanged . After affection to varicocele in the left side , it was seen frequently in the right side with unknown cause .

In order to determine the prevalence of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy, a total of 1000 pregnant women with gestational age of 28 weeks or more attending Bahonar hospital in Kerman, Iran, were selected randomly. The gathered data were analyzed by EPI Info 6 software. The incidence of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy was 8.8%. The maternal mean age was 27.6± 6.1 with median 27. The mean of gravidity was 2.6±2 with median 2. The mean of parity was 1.3± 1.6 with median 1. The mean of gestational age was 36.5+3.5 weeks with median 37. The mean of abortion was 0.2±0.5 with median 0. The mean of still birth was 0.03±0.2 with median 0. There was a statistical significant relationship between thrombocytoenia and gestational age (P<0.04), Still birth (P<0.005), preeclampsia (P<0.0001), abruptio placenta (P<0.008), IUFD (P<0.01), systemic lupus erythematosus (P<0.0004), DIC (P<0.002), using methyldopa (p<0.002) and asprin (P<0.02). Therefore, it can be inferred that the incidence of thrombocytopenia in Kerman is more than other parts of the world and its relation with stillbirth, preeclampsia, abruption placenta, IUFD, systemic lupus erythematosus, DIC , using Methyldopa and Aspirin is worth considering.

Muscle relaxant drugs are used to treat the the rigidity of muscles to facilitate trachea intubation; however, these drugs bring about cardiac and muscular disorders. This quasi-experimental, case-control study is meant to prevent these disorders. It included 80 patients who were randomly and purposely selected. The study data were collected using a questionnaire and cardiac monitor. The heartbeat was controlled prior to theanaesthetic induction. In the case group, 0.02 mg/kg pacronium was injected; after five minutes 5 mg/kg Thio penton sodium and 1.5 mg/kg suxamethonium were injected too. However, there was no injection in the control group. The results indicated that the mean heartbeat rate in the case and control groups were 99.4 and 88.07 (SD=11.72). T-test revealed a significant difference between the two groups as for their fasciculation which was higher among the cases. Therefore, the prescriptuion of pancronium decreases bradycardia, dysrhythmia, fasciculation myalgia, hypercalaemia which are present with suxamethonium; also, it provides safer anesthesia for the patients during the operation.

Curcuma longa (of Zingiberaceae family) is one of the oldest herbs that have been used in foods for its color and less frequently for its flavor. The ground dried rhizome of Curcuma longa has been found to be a rich source of phenolic compounds or curcuminoids. Turmeric has antimutagenic, antioxidant, antiseptic, antifungal, antiparasitic, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties and has been used for centuries in the treatment of fractures and prevention of local infection. We studied the antibacterial effects of the alcoholic extract of dried turmeric rhizome by agar dilution method. The effects were examined against some bacteria occuring in skin and gastrointestinal infections. The alcohlic extract inhibited the growth of B.subtilis, st.aureus and st. epidermidis at the concentration of 7.5 mg/ml and the growth of E. coli, Ps. aeroginosa and acinetobacter were inhibited at the concentration of 10.8 mg/ml.

Postmeopausal estrogen replacement therapy prevents the development of osteoporosis and reduces the risk of fracture. The amount of bone density reduction in in women without this kind of therapy is 3% per year. Resaearch has shown that the bone density of Iranian healthy women is 6.5% in lumbar spine and 5.4% in femoral neck which are quite lower than those of the white women and hence are predisposed to osteopoprosis. This prospective randomized clinical trial involved 100 women (45-55 years old) divided into two groups: group one received 0.625 mg tablet conjugated estrogen and 2.5 medroxy progesterone plus two calcium (500 mg) and vitamin D (200 unit) daily. The subjects were randomly selected by population proportion and were tested for their Routine Hormone Assay and clinical evaluation. Their BMD were estimated by dual energy X-ray absorptometetry (DEXA) for L2-L4 spine and neck of femor before and about a year after the treatment. No significant difference was found to exist in the bone mineral density of L2-L4 spine and neck of the femor in the two groups before the treatment but t-test showed that there was a significant difference as for the BMD recovery of the groups after the treatment (p<0.0001). BMD of the subjects treated with HRT had improved but that of the Calcium plus Vitamin-D group had diminished after a year. Therefore, it is clear that calcium and vitamin D treatment is not sufficient to prevent osteoporosis in women. This study revealed that estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) along with calcium plus Vitamin-D increased BMD in postmenopausal women.

Insulin is a two-chain polypeptide hormone with molecular weight of 5.7 KD, which has 51 AA. By some disulfide bounds, these two chains are connected to each other. One of the most important diseases associating insulin is diabetes. In these patients, in the absence of insulin, cells cannot absorb glucose and glucose level of blood will increase and finally body tissues encounter a great energy shortage causing different acute and chronic implications. Nowadays for measuring this hormone, RIA methods are used. The aim of this research is designing of ELISA kit for measuring of insulin and the first step in designing such kits consists of providing and purifying antibody against human insulin. In order to provide and purify polyclonal antibody to insulin some practical fulfilled as follows. For produce antibody, we immunized Guinea pigs and after immunization stages, they were bleeded and their serum was separated. In order to assess and diagnose the produce anti-insulin by these pigs, RIA, DID and Dot blot methods were used. After making sure of the presence of insulin antibody in the serum, we purified antibody with saturated ammonium sulfate and then ion exchange chromatography. Also for the assessment of the antibody purification rate, the SDS-PAGE technique was used. Finally Western Blotting technique was used to make sure that there is not any unspecified bound.

This descriptive-analytical study was intended to survey the familial factors affecting delinqueut runaway girls, 12 to 18 years of age, temporarily residing in the reformative training center of Tehran in 1379 (2000). 75 files of the population were randomly selected. A questionnaire including two parts was used for data collection: the first part (13 questions) dealt with personal characteristics and the second (21 questions) dealt with familial factors. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. One-way ANOVA, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were among the statistical measures which rendered figures and tables of relative and absolute frequency. The study findings indicated that the client's education, parent's occupation, history of drug abuse in client and family and number of family members showed significant relationship with average runaway age; also between client's history of drug abuse, mother's occupation, client's runaway frequency with average arresting age. In addition, a significant relationship was found between client's history of drug abuse and alcohol, marital status and raising out problems with the average runaway duration. However, no significant relationship was found to exist between other variables.

Many problems such as genetic disorders, systemic diseases, brain tumors and some mental retardations cause total or partial blindness in children. Some clinical visual tests such as optotype charts are not useful for the assessment of children's visual function. Therefore, such electrophysiological tests as VEP may be utilized and help find out the problem very accurately. In this report, a four-year-old boy with normal eyes but showing blindness symptoms is being reported and discussed. VEP test showed the abnormalities in wave responses.

The growth of Iranian children is usually measured with non-Iranian Standards which render inappropriate judgments at times. This study is intended to determine the standards of height and weight in Iranian Children of 6-12 Years of age, and to show that it is essential to have such standards in comparison with international measures. It is supposed, in this research, that Iran can be divisible in three sections of east and south, each corresponding to a provincial center like Mashad, Urmieh and Shiraz respectively; Cross-sectionally, 5375, 3426 and 2664 children were randomly selected from these cities, respectively, in a stratified manner. Their growth indexes including height and weight percentiles along with relevant data were gathered and put into statistical software analysis. Compared with Nelson, Farfare and Current standards, the findings revealed a remarkable difference between the Iranian and foreign difference between the Iranian and foreign standards so that at age 6, the Iranian standards are higher but at ages of 7-12, they are lower than their foreign counterparts; i.e. the higher the ege, the lower the growth rate. This difference can lead to complications if we adopt foreign standards in our country.

Depression is one of the most prevalent complications in diabetes mellitus leading to the reduction of willingness, motivation and feeling strength in self-caring. This correlational study was conducted to determine the relationship between the quality of self-care and depression in 96 diabetic patients referring to the Diabetes Research Center in Mashad in 2000, who were randomly selected for this study. Different forms and checklists were utilized to collect the relevant data including demographic, social support, self-esteem, Beck's depression inventory and self-care behavior forms; monometer, scale, height scaler, and spectrophotometer were the instruments we used. The findings indicated that 70 patients (70%) had some degree of depression; 53.1% had good self-care, while 4.2% were weak. No significant difference was found to exist between depression mean and self-care. Covariance analysis revealed no significant difference between the adjusted depression mean and self-care levels (P>0.529). No such relation was found between the self-care levels of the depressed and non-depressed subjects (P<0.129). However, there was only a weak reversed linear relation (r=0.13, P>0.045). Based on the findings, the principal hypothesis of the study was rejected but most of the subjects were highly depressed which may remind us of other factors affecting self-care, which in turn demad another comprehensive research.

Helicobacter pylori infection in human has been shown to be associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma, and MALT lymphoma as well. So the epidemiology of H. pylori has been a subject of intensive study. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in junior school students in Isfahan. In this cross-sectional study, 162 junior school students' were selected by simple random sampling and assessed for demographic data. Their blood were sampled after formal consent for determining the Anti H. Pylori IgG with ELISA method. The data were analyzed by spss at 0.05 significance level. Seropositive rate in this group of students was 19.1 percent. This rate in males was more than females and in higher age group, was more than lower age group; in students with history of GI symptoms is more than those who had no GI symptoms. But neither age, sex, GI symptoms nor socioeconomic condition and education of parents had significant relation with this seropositivity (P>0.05). H. Pylori infection is a common infection in this age group and needs environmental and health promotion and interventions, which lead to prevention from this infectious complication.

This study is conducted to explore the study and learning strategies of students of midwifery at Mashad University of Medical Sciences in 2002 since this issue is very important in academic achievement for college students. A total of 153 midwifery students at this university participated in the study. A self-report questionnaire (LASSI) developed by Weinstein et al. (1987) translated into persian by Khadiv zadeh et al. (2002) was used for data collection; another questionnaire was also used for personal and academic information. The mean score in 10 subscales were as follows: attitude 28.58±5.8, motivation 25.68±4.63, time management 22.9±4.89,| anxiety control 29.57±5.81, self-testing 24.1±5.51, concentration 26.81±5.8, study aid 29.52±4.9, information processing 25.33±5.49, test strategies 29.14±6.22 (all out of 40) and main idea selection 18.78±3.21 (out of 25). It was concluded that the students' low score on attitude and motivation needs a deeper analysis. Education and correction can improve their learning potential. Also, providing the norm tables of Iranian students' learning and study strategies is suggested.

Kawasaki disease is characterized with high fever for at least 5 days, nonpurulent bilateral conjunctivitis, cervical lymphadenopathy, cutaneous rash, edema of hands and feet, erythematous and cracked lip and erythema of oral cavity. Some viral and bacterial infections with rash are in differential diagnosis. Treatment with high dose aspirin and IVIG is recommended.