RAHYAFT
Year:2017 | Volume:27 | Issue:65 |Papers Count:12

There is a plethora in the literature of Economic Development on the Zionist Regime being a sart-up nation and entrepreneurial society. Analysing the Regime's innovation system, this paper aims to understand the interlationship between the relatively high performance of this Regime in terms of technological innovation and diffusion and the factor of social equality and social exclusion. Drawing on "National Innovation System" with the structural approach as the conceptual model, the paper uses the facts and figures of the international organizations. The research findings are that this innovation system is relied on the international capital and technologies of the multinational companies for its velocity and agility while the domestic population are segregated by apartheid like social and economic policies and as a result a part of population (Arab ethnic minority) is not integrated and cannot be beneficiary of the fruits of vibrant innovation system.

Nowadays, it is well clarified that innovation is a complex process that requires the activity of various components. These components have complex relation with each other and are influenced by the environment. Therefore, the topics of innovation requires a systematic view that leads to the formation of the theory of “National Innovation System”. The main feature of this system is the ability of its components in the production, dissemination and application of technologies that have economic value. The science and knowledge, is often presented in the form of articles should be transformed to technology, since the production of science isn’t able to lead to the development of the country alone. Also emphasis of I.R Iran on endogenous growth requires a serious attention to the component of technology production that patent is the indicator of this component. So in this article, with the exact and different look to NIS, a conceptual view is presented and by regarding to the systematic study of documents and valid universal statistics, the quality and quantity of articles and patents of Iran and intended countries have been studied. In fact, in this study the position of science and technology in NIS is investigated. The results show the favorable position of Iran in scientific publication, in contrast to the undesirable position of Iran in patenting that its cause are analyzed.

Establishing science and technology parks (STPs) and Incubators has had a considerable acceleration in the world because of their key role and functions of developing innovation and technological infrastructures in all countries. In this paper the authors try to conduct an appropriate survey on STPs and incubators’ literature and definitions and their functions from various perspectives. By concluding research findings in this field, advantages and effects of STPs on innovation and technology could be realized from two perspectives: Organizational one covering quick establishing of knowledge-base firms, commercialization of technological ideas and ease in absorbing capital and financing tools, and regional and national one like continuous relationships between universities and industries, creating job opportunities for local experts, transferring functional technologies and improvement of business environments and entrepreneurship.

This research aims to study co-authorship in Iranian journal papers in the field of nanotechnology. For our purpose, two main objectives have been examined: The first objective is to investigate the growth in the number of articles and authors, and to examine their relationship with the collaborative coefficient in Iranian domestic journals of nanotechnology from 2005 to 2013; the second objective is to examine the network structure of active authors of Iranian journal articles of nanotechnology during the period under study. Research materials include 904 papers, published in 12 journals, by 1646 authors during the period 2005-2013. This is an applied research study conducted as a survey, using scientometrics approaches. Data analysis has been carried out using techniques of social network analysis. To create the matrix of co-authorship a software package called Ravar Matrix is used, while for the purpose of social network analysis the Ucinet software package and its supplementary package, Netdraw, is used. The results demonstrate that the growth of papers and authors follows a positive exponential trend. The most prevalent authorship model in the production of the articles is the two-authorship model, with and the average number of authors for each paper being three. In total, 1646 authors contributed to the formation of a co-authorship network relating to the papers, amongst which 228 authors had an effective role. According to the findings "Manafi", "Salvati Niasari", and "Sadegh Hosseni" are respectively the top three authors in terms of the number of papers published. Where degree centrality is concerned, "Manafi", "Salvati Niasari", and "Badie" occupied the first to third places. In terms of centrality, the first ranking is occupied by both " Kokabi “and "Manafi", while "Manafi" is at the top for betweenness, with "Kokabi" and "Saraf Mamoori" ranked second and third respectively. Overall, findings indicate that when it comes to the writing of papers for Iranian Nano journals, the top authors, in terms of the number of papers published, have collaborated with less productive authors.

The need for adopting a strategic approach to research and technology management has led to the emergence of strategic research and technology management in the new economic climate. Realization of effective strategic research and technology management requires adherence to a defined process for operationalizing it in all organizational behaviors and actions.This article aims to explain the process and elements of a developed model for strategic research and technology management which is developed using resource efficiency approaches and process models in the strategic literature.In this order, first, a brief overview of the evolutionary process of different generations of research and technology management is provided and the concept of strategy and strategic management of research and technology is defined.In the next step, the elements and the process of implementation, including the six pillars of the model, namely “scoping and determining the mission and vision”, “determining the technological knowledge goals”, “balancing the exploration and exploitation”, “multi technological paths mapping”, “processes, resources and capabilities” and “transferring the technological findings” is described. At the end, the conclusion and some of the model’s characteristics is discussed.

The purpose of this study which has been carried out using the library method was to introduce and explain Research Excellence Framework (REF) that is used in the assessment of the research quality in England’s higher education institutes. This study aimed to direct our researchers’ attention toward doing similar studies with regard to presenting other frameworks and patterns used worldwide and investigation of challenges, profits, and necessities of each pattern’s application in our higher education system. We hoped to initiate a path toward eliminating the loss of research and theories in this field and design an efficient pattern for research quality assessment system in higher education. In Research Excellence Framework (REF), higher education institutes research performance is evaluated and judged by specialized discipline-oriented boards based on criteria such as; research outputs, Impact and research environment. Indicators for research outputs assessment include originality, significance and rigour. Research impact is evaluated based on reach and significance, and research environment is evaluated with regard to vitality and sustainability.

Researches show that one of the barriers of research, innovation and developing of technology can be lack of right and effectiveness scales, assess and supervision in research activities. So, certainty, one of the effective indexes in the performance evaluation of research institutes is the support of management.The index of the internal organization includes support of University's management of research institutes and from the external dimension relates to supporting government because of top management's policies and priorities in the country that from supporting of the government headquarters in the field of science and new technologies, infrastructure and strategic financial and moral terms supporting in laws and government acts, parliament are done and has Significant effect on the performance of research institutes and should be considered in the evaluation. Because research funds in the field of science and technology has not been shared equally and contracts in the field of science that is supported particularly in special time, It is more convenient and easier than outline with various reasons in the country, such as technology and goods imports and so on which are not supported.In this paper a model for evaluating the performance of research institutes by taking special measures to support of management of design And the results of its application to a number of research institutes of AmirKabir University as an example is presented. One of the results of this assessment can determine the direction of the research institute and be used actively to support further research institutes. And to identify research institutes with weak function and with pathology of reasons for their insufficient activity to fix the problem would be taken seriously.

In today's world where science and technology with the broad and universal development is considered as an important and fundamental factor in the process of economic, social and cultural development of human societies, educational and training systems have earned a major and important role in developing of science, technology and innovation. The greatest policy making challenge in education in the Third Millennium, is the policy of evolution and transformation of the current educational system into the "effective and efficient education". Study of the factors affecting the development of advanced societies show that all these countries have an efficient and qualified education system. Considering the importance of the educational system in human training and development of communities, it is necessary to adopt the best policy in different conditions. Hence, this paper with the emphesis on the educational policy making provides perceptional model for policy making in Iran's educational system using a systemic approach and taking into account all the factors affecting the input (definition of policy making as a duty; formulation of policy expectations; legal structure and authority; manpower), processes (recognition, definition and delimitation of the problem; developing suggested solutions; analysis of solutions and choosing the best solution; approval of solution or adopted policy; implementation; evaluation; review) and outputs of the education system (effectiveness of policies and policy-making process; educational justice; ethics; needs and social expectations, political feasibility), as well as the interaction between the education system and other systems (economic, social, political, cultural, etc.).

The emergence of the entrepreneurial university as an objective relationship between industry and academia, offers new horizons of employment and entrepreneurship on a large scale to decision makers, planners and university administrators. The aim of this study was to assess the entrepreneurial capacity of the University of Tehran based on the Gibb model 2012.The present descriptive research was conducted via a survey. The population of this research was 299 faculty members of the faculties of Engineering, Management and Entrepreneurship of the University of Tehran, and 271 respondents completed the questionnaires. The University Entrepreneurial Scorecard of Gibb (2012) was used for data collection, and data analysis was conducted using the SPSS software.The results indicate that the components of the entrepreneurial university including: concept vision, mission strategy, governance, organisation design, multidiscipline trans discipline, leverage, public value and stakeholder engagement, alumni, knowledge transfer, incubation, across all departmenta spin offs venture funding were relatively good. However, internationalisation and enterprise entrepreneurship education were in unfavourable condition.The results show that the overall situation of indicators of entrepreneurial university based on the Gibb model at the University of Tehran was at a relatively good level. According to comments of faculty members of the University of Tehran, it can be concluded that the components of concept vision, mission strategy, governance, organisation design, multidiscipline transdiscipline, leverage, public value and stakeholder engagement, alumni, knowledge transfer, incubation, across all departmenta spin offs venture funding were relatively good. Nevertheless, internationalisation and enterprise entrepreneurship education were in unfavourable condition. According to the results obtained from the indicators of entrepreneurial university, indicator of across all departmenta spin offs venture funding has the greatest impact on the development of the University of Tehran as a entrepreneurial university.