The author of this copious paper, a well-known Tajik scholar,sets out to review the developments of Tajiki Persian literature in his homeland in the first two decades of the 20th century when young poets and writers were specially active in the cities of Samarqand, Bokārā and Kojand. But the main focus of the paper is on just one man: 'Abdor-Ra'ūf Fetrat (1886-1939), who started his life as a promising poet, writing in Persian, and ended up as a promoter of Pan-Turkism, writing in Uzbek Turkish and singing the praise of Chingīz Khan and Tamerlane.Fetrat pursued his education in Istanbul, during the last years of the Ottoman Empire, where he published several of his books. In Turkey, he first became an advocate of Pan-Islamism, but switched to Pan-Turkism shortly afterwards. He returned to Samarqand in 1917, a confirmed Pan-Turkist, to join the revolutionaries, and when the People's Soviet Republic of Bokara was established in 1920, and the Pan-Turkists came into power, Fetrat first became the minister of foreign affairs and then the minister of education.But all did not go well for Fetrat. He fell from grace in 1923, when he lost his job and was expelled also from the Communist Party. Fetrat perished, according to the author, in the Stalinist terror, in 1938 or 1939. The author notes that Fetrat's grave has not been found.