The use of optogenetic methods for diagnosis and treatment of diseases

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Esmaeili mona; Rafiei poor hosseinali; Keshmiri Neghab Hoda; soheili far mohammad hassan

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Journal Paper

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Journal: Lasers in Medicine Year:2023 | Volume:20 | Issue:3&4 Page(s): 70-78

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Information Journal Paper

Title

The use of optogenetic methods for diagnosis and treatment of diseases

Author(s)

Esmaeili mona | Rafiei poor hosseinali | Keshmiri Neghab Hoda | soheili far mohammad hassan | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

optogeneticsQ4

light-sensitive proteinsQ4

photoreceptor cellsQ4

applications of optogeneticQ4

Abstract

Introduction: Optogenetic introduced in 2005, revolutionized biological research by enabling precise control of cellular activity through light-sensitive proteins. This technique essential in both fundamental and medical research, allows researchers to manipulate biological processes within cells with high accuracy. optogenetics is a cutting-edge technique that uses specific wavelengths of light to control cellular activity by stimulating the expression of desired proteins in target cells. This method has significant applications, such as restoring vision in patients with retinal damage, even in advanced stages of the disease, by transferring genes to remaining retinal cells and inducing protein expression with light. optogenetics also plays a crucial role in treating neurodegenerative diseases by regulating astrocyte and neuronal interactions. Additionally, this technology offers potential therapeutic approaches for various psychiatric disorders and advancements in cardiac research. Overall, optogenetics provides precise control over cellular processes, paving the way for innovative treatments and research in multiple biomedical fields. Method: The keywords was searched in PubMed and google scholar databases whit a time limit from year 2010 to 2023 and reviewed to find out the applications of optogenetics. Result: optogenetics, using light-sensitive proteins to control cellular activity, revolutionizes biomedical research by restoring vision in retinal damage, advancing neuroscience, and aiding Alzheimer research. It is pivotal in cardiac research, enhances neurogenesis and functional recovery in neural stem cells, improves skeletal muscle function, and contributes to cancer research. This versatile technique enables precise manipulation of cellular processes, advancing understanding and treatment of complex diseases. Conclusion: optogenetics is transforming biomedical research by allowing precise manipulation of cellular activities. It has major implications for treating neurodegenerative diseases, cardiac arrhythmias, cancer, and metabolic disorders. This method holds potential for investigating synaptic circuits, advancing stem cell research, and creating new treatments for conditions like blindness, deafness, and urinary tract dysfunctions.

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