MATURATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON SLA: ACCESSIBILITY TO UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR

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IRAVANI H.

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Journal: PEYKE NOOR JOURNAL Year:2006 | Volume:3 | Issue:4 (LANGUAGE AND LITURATURE 2) Page(s): 136-156

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Title

MATURATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON SLA: ACCESSIBILITY TO UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR

Author(s)

IRAVANI H. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

CRITICAL PERIODQ4

MATURATIONAL CONSTRAINTSQ4

UNIVERSAL GRAMMARQ3

SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISTIONQ4

Abstract

Some scholars have argued that there is a negative correlation between the onset age of L2 acquisition and performance on different measures of L2 competence. A kind of biological scheduling was assumed to be responsible for this maturational constraint on language development. Not all areas of language are affected at the same time in all individuals. The present study asks whether and to what extent CRITICAL PERIOD effects can be found for universal properties of language considered to be innate. Subjacency, Empty Category Principle (ECP) or That-trace effect, and Structure Dependency are the hypothetically innate constructs that are investigated in this study. The test is divided into two parts: Varying and Invariant violations. We argue that the results of the present study indicate a very adverse powerful effect of the increase of onset age on the ability of the learners to detect UG violations. Moreover, group differences were also important in that group 1 always performed as well as the native speakers; group 2 could not perform as well as the native speakers in most cases; group 3 failed to perform as well as the native speakers and group 1 in any of the issues under investigation. We can conclude that (a) the ultimate level of attainment depends in part on the onset age (b) there are sensitive periods controlling language development during which the acquisition of different linguistic abilities is fruitful and after that language learning becomes irregular and incomplete (c) the age-related loss in competence is cumulative and there is no cut off point. Another conclusion of this study is that since late learners did not perform as well as the native speakers on both violation types we can infer that age of acquisition affects both varying and invariant UG type knowledge. We conclude that the age of onset has a significant effect on ultimate achievement of L2 learners.

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APA: Copy

IRAVANI, H.. (2006). MATURATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON SLA: ACCESSIBILITY TO UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR. PEYKE NOOR JOURNAL, 3(4 (LANGUAGE AND LITURATURE 2)), 136-156. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/128780/en

Vancouver: Copy

IRAVANI H.. MATURATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON SLA: ACCESSIBILITY TO UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR. PEYKE NOOR JOURNAL[Internet]. 2006;3(4 (LANGUAGE AND LITURATURE 2)):136-156. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/128780/en

IEEE: Copy

H. IRAVANI, “MATURATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON SLA: ACCESSIBILITY TO UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR,” PEYKE NOOR JOURNAL, vol. 3, no. 4 (LANGUAGE AND LITURATURE 2), pp. 136–156, 2006, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/128780/en

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