Evaluation of the Correlation Between Electrocardiographic Abnormalities, Cardiac Iron Overload, and Magnetic Resonance T2* Values in Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major

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Fazelifar Amir Farjam; Khosh Fetrat Mehran; Parsaee Mozghan; Saedi Sedigheh

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Journal: Journal of Iranian Medical Council Year:621 | Volume: | Issue: Page(s): 337-343

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Evaluation of the Correlation Between Electrocardiographic Abnormalities, Cardiac Iron Overload, and Magnetic Resonance T2* Values in Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major

Author(s)

Fazelifar Amir Farjam | Khosh Fetrat Mehran | Parsaee Mozghan | Saedi Sedigheh | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Beta Thalassemia MajorQ4

ElectrocardiographyQ4

iron overloadQ4

Magnetic resonance imagingQ4

Abstract

Background: Beta Thalassemia Major (β-TM) is an inherited blood disorder. Affected patients require frequent blood transfusions, leading to iron deposition and end organ damage, particularly myocardial dysfunction. A 12-lead ECG is a readily available tool that could be used to screen for conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias as a marker of worsening myocardial function. Methods: A total of 108 β-TM patients were evaluated for correlation between abnormal findings on the surface ECG and severity of myocardial iron deposition in Magnetic resonance imaging as measured by T2* levels. Results: Patients with T2* below 20 msec had significantly longer PR intervals, P wave durations, and QTc intervals. Patients with T2* below 10 msec had the longest QRS duration and QRS activation times. Atrial fibrillation was more prevalent in patients with lower T2* levels. With a decrease in T2*, the probability of notching of QRS in the limb and precordial leads increased. Conclusion: Abnormal ECG is prevalent in β-TM patients, and the frequency of changes increases with the severity of iron overload. A 12-lead ECG is a valuable and readily available tool for the early assessment of myocardial damage and the implementation of a timely and appropriate management strategy.

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