Ethical Study of Qajar Period Travel Writers' Reports about Resorting to Medical Affairs

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Belwardi Ali

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Journal Paper

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Journal: Bioethics Journal Year:2024 | Volume:14 | Issue:39 Page(s): 1-11

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Title

Ethical Study of Qajar Period Travel Writers' Reports about Resorting to Medical Affairs

Author(s)

Belwardi Ali | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Travel writers Ethical research Qajar period Recourse Medicine

Abstract

Background and Aim: The Qajar era is one of the most prominent periods in Iran's history, during which the presence of missionaries and travel writers reached its peak. Travel writers, driven by specific motivations based on their personal dispositions and cultural and social backgrounds, examined the natural, geographical, historical, social, political, and cultural conditions of the places they visited. The aim of the author in this study is to present the reports of travel writers regarding Iranian culture, particularly the practice of tawassul in medical matters, while also analyzing and evaluating the accounts of European travel writers in this context.

Methods: The present study has been conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and based on library sources, including Dr. Wills’ Travelogue, The English amongst the Persians by Denis Wright, as well as the Quran and narrations.

Ethical Considerations: In this article, the authenticity of the texts, honesty, and trustworthiness have been observed.

Results: The reports of travel writers on recourse in medical and therapeutic matters show that firstly, travel writers have expressed these reports with malicious intentions. Secondly. Recourse, criticized by travel writers, is considered one of the moral virtues among Muslims of the Qajar period due to Islamic foundations.

Conclusion: This study addresses the reports of travel writers who, with malicious intentions, presented negative views on Iranian and Islamic culture and tawassul in medical matters. These reports have been countered through ethical principles derived from Quranic verses. Travel writers, driven by political and cultural goals, have presented negative reports on tawassul among Iranians. However, from a natural and rational perspective, and based on Islamic principles, tawassul for achieving both material and spiritual goals is considered acceptable and legitimate. Nevertheless, some Muslims during the Qajar era resorted to using talismans and non-Islamic prayers in medical matters, which contradict Islamic and ethical principles.

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