Investigating the accumulation of heavy metals in the bartail flathead fish (Platycephalus indicus) of Makkoran coasts

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Gholami Mahin; Bita Seraj; Ghaffari Mostafa

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: IRANIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT Year:2025 | Volume:18 | Issue:3 Page(s): 475-488

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Investigating the accumulation of heavy metals in the bartail flathead fish (Platycephalus indicus) of Makkoran coasts

Author(s)

Gholami Mahin | Bita Seraj | Ghaffari Mostafa | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Heavy metals

Accumulation

Makkoran coasts

Platycephalus indicus

Abstract

Background and Objective: Heavy metals have become a major environmental and public health concern due to their entry into marine ecosystems and accumulation in aquatic organisms. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the accumulation of cadmium, lead, chromium, zinc, copper, and nickel in the liver, gills, and muscle tissues of Platycephalus indicus. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six fish were collected from the fish landing site on the Makoran coast and transported to the laboratory in ice-filled containers. After drying and digesting the samples with nitric acid, the concentrations of heavy metals were measured using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test in SPSS software were used to compare the concentrations of the analyzed heavy metals. Results: The results showed that, except for lead, the highest concentrations of the studied metals were recorded in the liver tissue. A significant difference in zinc concentration was observed between the Chabahar, Gowatr, and Konarak regions and the other sampling sites (p < 0. 05). Among the analyzed metals, zinc had the highest concentration, with an average of 27. 66 mg/kg, while cadmium had the lowest, with an average of 0. 029 mg/kg. Health risk analysis indicated that, except for lead and nickel in fish caught from Chabahar, the concentrations of the other metals in Platycephalus indicus were below the permissible limits recommended by international standards, including WHO, FDA, UKMAFF, NHMRC, and FAO. Conclusion: According to the results, the liver serves as the primary site of heavy metal accumulation in Platycephalus indicus. The findings also indicate that lead and nickel concentrations in certain areas exceed permissible limits, potentially posing a risk to consumer health. These results underscore the need for enhanced monitoring of marine pollutants along the Makoran coastline.

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