Unveiling Neuroprotective Potential in Tempeh Peptide Extracts by In Vitro Screening of Anti-Alzheimer’s Compounds

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Subali Dionysius; Kurnia Gilbert; Yanti -; Christos Revelo Eved; Shih Yang Chia

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Paper Information

Journal: REPORTS OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Year:2025 | Volume:14 | Issue:1 Page(s): 46-56

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Title

Unveiling Neuroprotective Potential in Tempeh Peptide Extracts by In Vitro Screening of Anti-Alzheimer’s Compounds

Author(s)

Keywords

Alzheimer disease

Gene expression

Peptides

Soy Foods

Abstract

Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) incidence and prevalence increase every year, commonly related to neuron inflammation and degeneration conditions. Tempeh, a traditional fermented product from Indonesia, was reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-Alzheimer properties. However, anti-Alzheimer properties of tempeh peptide extracts have not been extensively examined. This research studied the effect of the extracted peptide from tempeh in preventing and delaying Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: Tempeh peptide was extracted using water maceration and quantified using HPLC and spectrophotometry. Anti-Alzheimer properties of tempeh were analyzed with Ellman’s assay of anticholinesterase and in vitro gene expression analysis using LPS-induced neural Schwann cells. Results: As a result, tempeh contained 19. 27% of GABA, which is reported to have anti-Alzheimer properties, and other amino acids. Tempeh peptide extract at 12. 5 µg/mL had strong inhibition activity toward acetylcholinesterase at 12. 61%, and 100 µg/mL of tempeh peptide extract had 8. 97% butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activity. Tempeh peptides extract also altered the expression of various genes related to Alzheimer’s disease, such as TNF-α, BACE 1, Ntrk 1, BDNF 2, and APP. Conclusion: This research proved that various peptides from tempeh have anti-Alzheimer properties. Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) incidence and prevalence increase every year, commonly related to neuron inflammation and degeneration conditions. Tempeh, a traditional fermented product from Indonesia, was reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-Alzheimer properties. However, anti-Alzheimer properties of tempeh peptide extracts have not been extensively examined. This research studied the effect of the extracted peptide from tempeh in preventing and delaying Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: Tempeh peptide was extracted using water maceration and quantified using HPLC and spectrophotometry. Anti-Alzheimer properties of tempeh were analyzed with Ellman’s assay of anticholinesterase and in vitro gene expression analysis using LPS-induced neural Schwann cells. Results: As a result, tempeh contained 19. 27% of GABA, which is reported to have anti-Alzheimer properties, and other amino acids. Tempeh peptide extract at 12. 5 µg/mL had strong inhibition activity toward acetylcholinesterase at 12. 61%, and 100 µg/mL of tempeh peptide extract had 8. 97% butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activity. Tempeh peptides extract also altered the expression of various genes related to Alzheimer’s disease, such as TNF-α, BACE 1, Ntrk 1, BDNF 2, and APP. Conclusion: This research proved that various peptides from tempeh have anti-Alzheimer properties.

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