THE TUGHRAS OF THE MOST STABLE SADR’S IN SAFAVID PERIOD OMID

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REZAEI O.

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES OF ISLAM Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:7 Page(s): 71-87

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Information Journal Paper

Title

THE TUGHRAS OF THE MOST STABLE SADR’S IN SAFAVID PERIOD OMID

Author(s)

REZAEI O. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

SAFAVID PERIODQ2

SADR‚ MITHAL‚ BLACK TUGHRA‚ TUGHRA PARTSQ3

TUGHRAKAS‚ BUREAUCRACY BODYQ3

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to survey a black tughra (interconnected black signature) which was drawn above an administrative document called ‘mithal’. This tughra was dedicated tosadr. Since the drawing of sadr tughra and its principles have not been studied by Iranian and foreign scholars, this paper‚ first presents the rules and methods of its drawing, by studying its visual and graphical aspects, i.e., [‘diplomatics’ (Pers. sanad-senasi)‚ and second, theorizes concerning the abilities of low rank administrators of SAFAVID PERIOD, based on achieved results]. One of the Safavid sadrs was Mirza Habibullah who had the rank about 23 years (1040- 1063AH/ 1630- 1653 AD) in the period of two Safavid kings. Certainly‚ he issued lots of mithals ‚ but eleven of them which are belonged to 1041- 1060AH/ 1631- 1650 AD, are only known today and except for two‚ all of them were published. While phrase and words of Mirza Habibullahs tughra were fixed along this long period‚ its graphic and technique of drawing changed. This matter makes clear that in the part of Safavid administration that he had the task of preparation and issuing mithals and drawing tughra‚ there were individuals who had not the same ability and expertise. That is to say‚ while thesadr was one person‚ at least four tughrakas were in his service and any of them had his script and technique of drawing which was even inconsistent with the most evident principles of tughra drawing.

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APA: Copy

REZAEI, O.. (2011). THE TUGHRAS OF THE MOST STABLE SADR’S IN SAFAVID PERIOD OMID. JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES OF ISLAM, 2(7), 71-87. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/221424/en

Vancouver: Copy

REZAEI O.. THE TUGHRAS OF THE MOST STABLE SADR’S IN SAFAVID PERIOD OMID. JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES OF ISLAM[Internet]. 2011;2(7):71-87. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/221424/en

IEEE: Copy

O. REZAEI, “THE TUGHRAS OF THE MOST STABLE SADR’S IN SAFAVID PERIOD OMID,” JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES OF ISLAM, vol. 2, no. 7, pp. 71–87, 2011, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/221424/en

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