Effect of Practice Structure and Off-Line Time Period on Consolidation of Motor Memory in Children: An Investigation of Theoretical Foundation for Principles of Practice Variability and Memory Encoding Specificity

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Jannati Masoome; Abdoli Behrooz; FARSI ALIREZA; SHAMSIPOUR DEHKORDI PARVANEH

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Journal: Journal of Child Mental Health Year:2018 | Volume:5 | Issue:2 Page(s): 95-106

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Title

Effect of Practice Structure and Off-Line Time Period on Consolidation of Motor Memory in Children: An Investigation of Theoretical Foundation for Principles of Practice Variability and Memory Encoding Specificity

Author(s)

Jannati Masoome | Abdoli Behrooz | FARSI ALIREZA | SHAMSIPOUR DEHKORDI PARVANEH | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Memory encoding specificityQ2

variabilityQ2

consolidationQ2

motor memoryQ2

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Memory consolidation and learning are effective factors to form and develop motor and cognitive skills in children. In the present study, practice structure and off-line time periods have been manipulated to examine its effects on motor memory consolidation in children Method: 36 female students (9-12 years old) from Maktabi elementary school of Qom city were elected and randomly assigned to 3 groups of constant, blocked, and random practice. This study includes acquisition and retention tests for dart throwing task (tests were done in 3 time periods; 1hour, a day, and one week after practice). Retention tests were done by constant, blocked, and random methods to evaluate the variability and Memory encoding specificity principles. Results: Means of radial errors showed skill improvement in the blocked and constant practice groups. This improvement was not meaningful but remained over time for blocked practice group. Paired samples T test at the end of acquisition and retention test similar to the practice conditions showed significant decrease of error (p≤ 0. 05) in the blocked practice group only (confirmation of the specificity principle). Paired comparisons between end of acquisition and constant retention tests in each group did not show any significant improvement (P≥ 0. 05) for any of the off-line time periods in blocked and random practice groups (rejection of the variability of practice). However, significant improvements (P≤ 0. 05) were observed in the performance of both random and blocked groups in similar retention tests to practice (principle the specificity). Conclusion: Memory consolidation and performance improvement can occur in children at the end of acquisitive an in off-line time period (even after 1 hour). Furthermore, constant or low variable (blocked) practice could lead to more improvements in consolidation process and motor memory in children.

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APA: Copy

Jannati, Masoome, Abdoli, Behrooz, FARSI, ALIREZA, & SHAMSIPOUR DEHKORDI, PARVANEH. (2018). Effect of Practice Structure and Off-Line Time Period on Consolidation of Motor Memory in Children: An Investigation of Theoretical Foundation for Principles of Practice Variability and Memory Encoding Specificity. JOURNAL OF CHILD MENTAL (JOURNAL OF CHILD MENTAL HEALTH), 5(2 ), 95-106. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/258417/en

Vancouver: Copy

Jannati Masoome, Abdoli Behrooz, FARSI ALIREZA, SHAMSIPOUR DEHKORDI PARVANEH. Effect of Practice Structure and Off-Line Time Period on Consolidation of Motor Memory in Children: An Investigation of Theoretical Foundation for Principles of Practice Variability and Memory Encoding Specificity. JOURNAL OF CHILD MENTAL (JOURNAL OF CHILD MENTAL HEALTH)[Internet]. 2018;5(2 ):95-106. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/258417/en

IEEE: Copy

Masoome Jannati, Behrooz Abdoli, ALIREZA FARSI, and PARVANEH SHAMSIPOUR DEHKORDI, “Effect of Practice Structure and Off-Line Time Period on Consolidation of Motor Memory in Children: An Investigation of Theoretical Foundation for Principles of Practice Variability and Memory Encoding Specificity,” JOURNAL OF CHILD MENTAL (JOURNAL OF CHILD MENTAL HEALTH), vol. 5, no. 2 , pp. 95–106, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/258417/en

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