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Information Journal Paper

Title

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates

Pages

  4575-4599

Abstract

 Gentamicin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic, it inhibits the protein synthesis. Gentamicin is active against the majority of aerobic gram-negative bacilli such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli. The Gentamicin doses are 3 mg/kg once-daily for preterm newborns < 35 weeks of gestation and 4 mg/kg once-daily for newborns > 35 weeks of gestation. The monitoring of Gentamicin serum concentration is recommended when infants are treated for 48 hours or more. The Gentamicin peak concentration must be at least 8 times the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to be bactericidal and the Gentamicin trough concentration must be < 2 μ g/ml to avoid otoToxicity and nephroToxicity. Once-daily dosing of Gentamicin (4 mg/kg), is preferred than twice-daily dose of 2. 5 mg/kg Gentamicin. A Gentamicin loading dose (4 mg/kg), followed by once-daily dosing of 2. 5 mg/kg yields safe and target range in Neonates. An extended dosing interval of 48-hour (5 mg/kg Gentamicin), was compared with twice-daily dose of 2. 5 mg/kg Gentamicin. Infants in the 48-hour interval and in the twice-daily achieved peak Gentamicin concentrations of 9. 43 μ g/ml and 6. 0 μ g/ml, respectively, (p<0. 001), and trough Gentamicin concentrations were 1. 08 μ g/ml and 1. 54 μ g/ml, respectively, (p<0. 001). The infants born small for gestational age have a reduced Gentamicin clearance, and a more prolonged Gentamicin half-life than infants born appropriate for gestational age. Patent ductus arteriosus, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, therapeutic hypothermia, and asphyxia reduce the Gentamicin clearance.

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    APA: Copy

    PACIFICI, GIAN MARIA, & Marchini, Giovanna. (2017). Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS, 5(3 (39)), 4575-4599. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/337910/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    PACIFICI GIAN MARIA, Marchini Giovanna. Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS[Internet]. 2017;5(3 (39)):4575-4599. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/337910/en

    IEEE: Copy

    GIAN MARIA PACIFICI, and Giovanna Marchini, “Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates,” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS, vol. 5, no. 3 (39), pp. 4575–4599, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/337910/en

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