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Information Journal Paper

Title

Acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis: A tertiary referral center study

Pages

  18-23

Abstract

 Background: To report the prevalence of acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis (EPS) in a tertiary referral center in Kuwait, and to study the associated risk factors, etiologies, and management outcomes. Methods: This prospective interventional hospital-based study was performed at the Farwaniya governmental hospital in Kuwait between November 2018 and November 2019. All patients were referred to the oculoplastic clinic with symptomatic epiphora, age > 18 years, epiphora Munk score ≥ 0, tear film meniscus ≥ 2 mm, and punctum with grade ≤ 2 (smaller than normal size, but recognizable) were included. Exclusion criteria were congenital causes of epiphora, previous eyelid surgeries, and traumatic or neoplastic causes of punctal or canalicular obstruction. Results: A total of 418 patients with symptomatic epiphora, who were referred to our oculoplastic clinic, were enrolled in our study. The prevalence of EPS was 70. 3%. Examination of the puncta revealed different shapes, including tangential, pinpoint, elevated, slit-shaped, horse shoe-shaped, and membranous puncta, with the tangential type accounting for the greatest proportion (65. 3%). Bilateral punctal stenosis was observed in 206 patients (70. 1%) and unilateral involvement in 88 patients (29. 9%). Dilatation and syringing were performed for all puncta upon diagnosis, and repeated dilatation was performed for 225 puncta (32. 7%). Placement of a Mini-Monoka tube was performed in 11 puncta (1. 6%). Conclusion: EPS was a common cause of symptomatic epiphora in our study. Aging and female sex were identified as common risk factors. Most etiological factors of EPS were associated with a pathophysiological inflammatory mechanism. For exact estimates of its prevalence, a population-based study is necessary in future.

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    APA: Copy

    Nassief, Mona, Alduwailah, Omar Kh. M., & Lotfy, Nancy M.. (2021). Acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis: A tertiary referral center study. MEDICAL HYPOTHESIS, DISCOVERY AND INNOVATION OPHTHALMOLOGY, 10(1), 18-23. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/685723/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    Nassief Mona, Alduwailah Omar Kh. M., Lotfy Nancy M.. Acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis: A tertiary referral center study. MEDICAL HYPOTHESIS, DISCOVERY AND INNOVATION OPHTHALMOLOGY[Internet]. 2021;10(1):18-23. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/685723/en

    IEEE: Copy

    Mona Nassief, Omar Kh. M. Alduwailah, and Nancy M. Lotfy, “Acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis: A tertiary referral center study,” MEDICAL HYPOTHESIS, DISCOVERY AND INNOVATION OPHTHALMOLOGY, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 18–23, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/685723/en

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