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Information Journal Paper

Title

Cruise Ship Travel and the Spread of COVID-19 – Australia as a Case Study

Pages

  10-18

Abstract

 Introduction: Cruise ship linked COVID-19 outbreaks have been identified as a potential source of community transmission of COVID-19 in Australia and worldwide. The risk factors and potential mitigation around COVID-19 infections on cruise ships and communities is a research gap. Methods: A correlation and regression analyses for risk factors for COVID-19 attack rates oncruise ships worldwide with reported COVID-19 from January 1, 2020 to May 11, 2020 were performed, with a more detailed analysis done for Australia. Geospatial emerging hot spot analysis during key time periods was used to assess temporal trends in spatial clustering of COVID-19 cases related to two cruise ship events in NSW, Australia. Results: For 36 cruise ships with global COVID-19 cases, available cabins had a moderate inverse correlation with the attack rate (-0. 4154; 95% CI [-0. 0002,-0. 00003], P < 0. 0118). The number of cabins, the number of decks with cabins, and passenger-to-space ratio were significantly associated with attack rate, however, the duration at sea was not. By May 2020, cruise ship passengers made up 14. 9% of COVID-19 cases in Australia and 27% of the COVID-19 related deaths. Emerging hot spots of community transmission in Sydney occurred during 1-2 incubation periods of two cruise ship events. Conclusion: Mitigation of risk on cruise ships should focus on spatial design and reducing crowding, including rapid surveillance and on-board testing. To mitigate this risk during the era of COVID-19, all passengers disembarking an infected ship should be quarantined for at least the 14-day window period and tested for COVID-19, regardless of symptoms. Vaccination should be a pre-requisite for Travel of any kind once available.

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    Cite

    APA: Copy

    Quigley, Ashley L., Nguyen, Phi Yen, Stone, Haley, Lim, Samsung, & MacIntyre, C.Raina. (2021). Cruise Ship Travel and the Spread of COVID-19 – Australia as a Case Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE AND GLOBAL HEALTH, 9(1), 10-18. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/771229/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    Quigley Ashley L., Nguyen Phi Yen, Stone Haley, Lim Samsung, MacIntyre C.Raina. Cruise Ship Travel and the Spread of COVID-19 – Australia as a Case Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE AND GLOBAL HEALTH[Internet]. 2021;9(1):10-18. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/771229/en

    IEEE: Copy

    Ashley L. Quigley, Phi Yen Nguyen, Haley Stone, Samsung Lim, and C.Raina MacIntyre, “Cruise Ship Travel and the Spread of COVID-19 – Australia as a Case Study,” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE AND GLOBAL HEALTH, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 10–18, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/771229/en

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