BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC THEORIES OF AGING

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ZHALEHJOO NAGHMEH; PANJEHPOUR MOJTABA

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Journal: Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing Year:2014 | Volume:9 | Issue:3 Page(s): 232-243

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Title

BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC THEORIES OF AGING

Author(s)

ZHALEHJOO NAGHMEH | PANJEHPOUR MOJTABA | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

AGINGQ3

FREE RADICALQ2

OXIDATIVE STRESSQ1

TELOMERQ2

EPIGENETICSQ2

Abstract

AGING is the outcome of the progressive accumulation of different alterations in the body accompanied with gradual decrease of the efficiencies of normal physiological functions and the capacity to maintain homeostasis leading to the increased probability of disease and mortality. Researchers have done different experiments especially on animal models for understanding the AGING process, longevity, and the improvement of life quality. They have proposed more than 300 AGING theories which overlap to some extent. In this article, we try to explain some of the most important theories with an emphasis on the epigenetic theory. The two most prominent biochemical theories of AGING are FREE RADICAL and mitochondrial theories. Normal AGING is the result of the balance between damage and repair and these theories explain the OXIDATIVE STRESS associated with the damages which result from reactive oxygen species (ROS), stress response signaling pathway, and the antioxidant enzymes. According to the genetic theories, AGING is the result of a controlled genetic program of maturity and development. Moreover, AGING mitotic clock guided by TELOMERes is also important. The lengths of TELOMERes which shorten after each cell division, can be regulated by many foods and TELOMERic epigenetic conditions. Furthermore, AGING is influenced not only by genes and mutations, but also by the environmental and epigenetic effects especially in the second half of life. The epigenetic changes include the alterations in gene expression without any changes in DNA sequences. Their biological and functional importance is accompanied with the loss of DNA global methylation, histone modification and gene promoter hypermethylation during AGING process.To achieve the dream of living healthier and longer, dietary manipulation through supplements and antioxidants, understanding the key role of the caloric restriction on longevity through the activity of Sirtuin proteins, the exercise and the perception of the environmental factors which affect epigenetic changes during AGING process, are the most essential research issues in the 21th century.

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APA: Copy

ZHALEHJOO, NAGHMEH, & PANJEHPOUR, MOJTABA. (2014). BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC THEORIES OF AGING. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF AGEING, 9(3), 232-243. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/94992/en

Vancouver: Copy

ZHALEHJOO NAGHMEH, PANJEHPOUR MOJTABA. BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC THEORIES OF AGING. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF AGEING[Internet]. 2014;9(3):232-243. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/94992/en

IEEE: Copy

NAGHMEH ZHALEHJOO, and MOJTABA PANJEHPOUR, “BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC THEORIES OF AGING,” IRANIAN JOURNAL OF AGEING, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 232–243, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/94992/en

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