SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH IRANIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL
Year:2001 | Volume:4 | Issue:7|Papers Count:11

The study was undertaken to evaluate enzymatic and mineral changes due to the effect of ultrasound therapy after creating "Wedge fracture" in the left metacarpal bone in 12 clinically healthy adult donkeys aged between 4 to 6 years and weighing 150 to 300 kg/BW. Animals were randomly divided into two groups of 6 animals each. These groups were further divided into two subgroups of Ia, IIa of one month and Ib, IIb of two months with 3 animals each.Ultrasound therapeutic regimen 1MHz and with intensity of 1W/Cm2 for 10 days was started a week after fracture creation in animals of group II. Group I was considered as control.Intravenous blood was collected on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56 and 60 for acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, magnesium and phosphate changes in all animals of both groups by using calorimetric method. The enzymatic changes in both groups showed that alkaline phosphatase level in test groups was statistically significant at P<0.05 on days 14, 21, 28 and 30 in comparison with control. These changes with linear regression (slope) were more which indicated the rapid changes in animals of test groups. Acid phosphatase changes were observed on days 7 and 14 in the same pathern in both groups. Calcium and magnesium levels increased but phosphorus level decreased, which was not statistically significant. The little changes in calcium and phosphorus level were due to positive effect of ultrasound in acceleration of callus formation at fractured site.

To evaluate the safety quality, 100 samples of traditional ice cream were collected from 5 different area of Ahwaz city. In total count, 88% of the samples were contaminated higher than standard criteria (>5x105 CFU/gr) with a mean of 3.13x106 CFU/gr. 83% of the samples with a mean of 9.63x103 CFU/gr were contaminated higher than standard level (>102 CFU/gr) with enterobacteriacae. E.coli was isolated from 6% of all samples. 61% of the samples with a mean of 7.85x103 CFU/gr contaminated with S.aureus above standard level (>102 CFU/gr). The result of this study shows that the bacterial contamination of traditional ice cream in different parts of Ahwaz city is almost the same. The difference of contamination rate between cold and warm seasons was not statistically significant.

Following the reports of resistant red mite to some insecticides as well as pyrethroids in some parts of the world, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of Deltamethrin (Butoflin 2.5% Hoechest) on this ectoparasite in an egg layer house in Iran. The population of red mite in the egg layer house was estimated before and after spraying of the acaricide, using monitoring card traps. The cages and hens were sprayed by a manual sprayer (35 psi pressure) with 0.4% (v/v) solution of the insecticide. The result showed that the acaricide could not control the mite. Although the population density of the mite decreased after spraying, the differences were not statistically significant. Further investigation is necessary to prove the resistance of this mite to Deltamethrin.

Afatoxins are highly toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus spp.Poultry feeds and their ingredients are vulnerable to fungal growth and aflatoxin formation.Aflatoxins reduce immune response of bird, leading to disease outbreaks and vaccination failures. The aflatoxins have two fused dihydrofuran rings with various moieties, and members are designated as B1, B2, Gland G2. Aflatoxin BI is the most toxic and hepatoxicity is the primary effect in nearly all animals. In the present study, 100 samples (25 samples from each of maize, wheat, soyabean meal and fish meal) were collected from poultry feed factory around Ahwaz. The extraction of aflatoxins from samples was done by thin layer chromatography.Results of the present study showed that 86% of the samples were contaminated with aflatoxins.The fish meal, soyabean meal, wheat and maize were contaminated 100%, 92%, 88% and 16% respectively. The highest amount of aflatoxin was 28 ppb detected in fish meal. The highest amount of aflatoxin B1 detected in imported fish meal was 25 ppb, in imported soyabean 3 ppb, in wheat 4 ppb and in domestic maize 2 ppb.

Histometric comparisons between different tunicae of aortic wall in the female mouse were done in three age groups: neonate, sexual maturity and old age. Immediately following euthinization, the whole aorta was collected and divided to the ascending aorta, aortic arch, cranial and caudal thoracic aortae, cranial, and middle and caudal abdominal aortae segments.After fixation in 10% buffered formalin solution, the aortic segments were embedded in paraffin, and histological sections were made from each segment. The sections were stained by H & E and green masson trichrome. It was observed that the widest aortic diameter, lumen diameter and the thickest wall of the aorta occur in ascending aorta. The percentage of the tunica internal and external, as compared with the total wall thickness, increased gradually from the ascending aorta to the caudal abdominal aorta, whereas the tunica media decreased. Aortic diameter, lumen diameter, wall thickness and the thickness of tunica internal and media decreased from the ascending aorta to the caudal abdominal aorta where as the thickness of the tunica external increased.

Capoeta trutta, Barbus barbullus and Barbus grypys are three economically important fishes of Khoramabad rivers that have good market in the region. Despite the importance of these fishes, there is not a comperhensive report about parasitic funna of these fishes in this area. Therefore, this research was carried out to study the prevalence and intensity of helminthes in the intestines of the mentioned fishes. For this, 30 Capoeta trutta, 30 Barbus barballus, and 21 Barbus grypus were caught from rivers and transferred to the laboratory. In the laboratory at the beginning the total length, standard length, body depth and body weight of these fishes were measured. Then intestines of these fishes were examined by routine parasitological methods. From 30 Capoeta trutta, 4 fishes (13.33%) had nematoda and 19 fishes (63.33%) had acanthocephala in their guts. The parasites of Copoeta trutta were recognized as Neoechinorhychus sp. and Rhabdochona sp. From 30 Barbus barbullus 8 fishes (26.66%) had nematoda and 2 fishes (16.6%) cestoda in their guts. The parasites were recognized as Rhabdochona sp. and Bothriocephalus sp. From 21 Barbus grypus 2 fishes (9.52%) had acanthocephala in their guts. The parasites were recognized as Neoechinorhychus sp.

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two methods of estrus synchronization on superovulation in Najdi goat of Khoozestan during the breeding season. In the first experiment, synchronization of 10 goats (treatment group n=5, control group n=5) was done with synchromate [210 mg, IM, 2 doses 11 days apart]. In the second experiment, estrus cycle of 10 goats (treatment group n=5, control group n=5) was synchronized with progesterone (20 mg, every other day for 18days). Superovulation of goats in both experiments was done with OFSH and a dose of 10 ml (88 mg) in ratio of 3:2:1 two days before second cloprostenol injection (experiment 1) and two days before final injection of progesterone (experiment 2).Goats were laparatomized for presence or lack of corpus luteumas evidence of ovulation 10 days after final injection. Results showed that 14.4±1.76 (mean±SEM) of corpus luteum in the treatment groups of experiment I was significantly higher than control group (2±0.3), (P<0.05). In experiment 2, mean±SEM (9.2±0.68) of corpus luteum in the treatment group was also significantly more than that in the control group (1.8±0.2) (P<0.05). There was not a significant difference in the mean number of corpus luteum obtained from control groups (2±0.3 vs 1.8±0.2) (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the mean number of corpus luteum obtained from treatment groups (14.4±1.76 Vs 9.2±0.68; P<0.05). It was concluded that synchromate+oFSH is superiorto progestrone+oFSH.

Dermatophytosis is one of the zoonotic diseases. The control of zoophilic agents in human depends on its control in animals. Prevention of this disease in animals depends on information about its etiology. So this study was conducted to determine the causative agents of sheep ringworm in Ahwaz. In this study, during four months (March to June 2002) a total of 150sheep showing clinical signs of ringworm infection were mycologically examined. For this purpose, collected samples were inoculated on Sabouraud's dextrose agar with cyclohexamide and chloramphenicol (SCC). Trichophyton verrucosum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes were collected from 19 and 8 sheep respectively. There was also a mixed infection of T verrucosum and T mentagrophytes. The results showed that only 18.6% of skin lesions may be due to dermatophytes, which must be noticed in the treatment of skin lesions. The disease was less common in adult animals and its prevalence was more in April.

During 3 months in 2000, seven cattle were affected by rectal stricture. These animals were between 12 and 48 months old and only one of them was a bull which had been transferred to a beef production unit a week before affection. The status of the uterus of the other 6 affected females were as follows: impregnant (1), recently inseminated (1), 4-5 months pregnant (2), dry cow (1) and calved 48 hours before affection (1). The diseased animals were from 7 different rural farms located in Varamin region in Tehran province with herd population of 3-65 cattle.The affected animals had histories ranging from inappetence to anorexia, constipation, dysentery to melena with or withour tenesmus. On clinical examination, the following symptoms were found: temperature 40.3c, heart beat 60-80, number of rumen movements in 3 minutes 1-2 with low quality. Fecal status dysentery with mucous membrane or melena with tenesmus was not observed in either situation. Rectum had thickened wall and narrow lumen with diffeent severity. S. enterica. subsp. enterica serovar dublin were isolated from faecal samples. At necropsy of one affected cow there were no pathological changes in thoracic cavity and GI system up to jejunum. The ileum had hyperaemic and hemorrhagic surface. The large intestine had thick wall and hyperaemic and hemorrhagic surface. The rectum had quite thickened wall and hyperaemic and hemorrhagic surface and the lumen of rectum specially 10 cm to anus contained a remarkable amount of diphthertic - like lesion on mucous membrane surface.