Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
Year:2018 | Volume:25 | Issue:8 |Papers Count:12

Background: Students' academic performance as a major indicator of the quality evaluation of higher education is one of the most important aspects of higher education system in our country, which is one of the influential factors on that personality and high motivation of students. Therefore, this research aimed to explain "Explaining the Structural Model of Interactive Relationships of Keller Motivational dimensions with Personality Characteristics of Medical Students of Iran University of Medical Sciences. " Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population consisted of all medical students at basic sciences of the medical school and international campus of Iran University of Medical Sciences during the academic year of 96-97, 412 of whom were selected as research sample by hierarchical cluster sampling method. To obtain a structural model, Keller motivation and Neo's personality questionnaires were used and Data were analyzed by SPSS & AMOS softwares. Results: The results showed that there was a positive correlation between the two variables of motivation and personality (r=0. 292, p<0. 001), and the satisfaction and extraversion components with the highest regression weight had the highest correlation with motivation and personality, respectively. In the obtained structural model, only a direct relation between the experiential component and the attention component was observed, and the other components of the personality with the motivational components were indirectly linked. Conclusion: Due to the greater stability of personality traits, teachers should pay more attention to personality traits when choosing an educational method to improve the learning environment in order to increase students' motivation and they can achieve the success.

Background: The main purpose of this study is to compare the body image and life satisfaction among the patients whom undergone cosmetic surgery or candidate for the surgery in the department of maxillofacial surgery, Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz. Methods: This study is a retrospective case control research. 90 cases were included in this study from both genders randomly. Cases of each group included in this study were selected either from candidates or who underwent maxillofacial cosmetic surgery in Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz. (2015-2018). The multi-dimensional questionnaire of individual attitude toward their body image (MBSRQ) and Dayner and Part Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (SWLS) were used for data collection. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and independent t-test were used. Results: The results of multivariate analysis of variance analysis (MANOVA) and independent t-test shows that body image and its components between the patients underwent the surgery and candidates of cosmetic surgery is not significantly different. However, the life satisfaction in candidate of cosmetic surgery who did not undergo the surgery is significantly higher with 95% confidence interval in comparison to the other the group. Conclusion: According to the findings, life satisfaction variable is different in applicants for cosmetic surgery, but the body image and its components are not different in those applying for cosmetic surgery and surgeons.

Background: For many patients with sinonasal polyposis, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has provided much needed relief from a condition that, by its daily aggravation, can significantly reduce quality of life. In some patients, however, symptom relief is not achieved even after surgery, or the disease recurs and patients must return for revision surgery. many patients whose symptoms of chronic or recurrent sinusitis persist despite primary FESS and long-term maximal medical therapy, underwent revision FESS Methods: Prospective, randomized, controlled, clinical trial using an intra patient control design The study enrolled patients with recurrent or persistent polyposis after primary FESS to compare the effect of autologous Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) using an intra patient control design. After local application of PRP, efficacy of this type of treatment was assessed with Endoscopy and Snot-22 questioner PRP was selected because of it’ s anti-inflammatory effect. PRP will be put locally in involved sinuses with endoscope guidance and the patient will be re-examined and reevaluated with standard questionnaire and endoscopy 4 weeks later and 9 months later to assess the effect of this novel treatment option. Results: A total of 16 patients were included in the study. PRP was successfully deployed in all 16 patients. PRP provided symptom relief after the first and ninth month of treatment due to snot-22 questioner. In seven patients (43. 75 percent) the endoscopic grade decreased from +2 to +1 after the first month of treatment Conclusion: This study showed that use of PRP improves patient symptoms according to Snot-22 questioner and endoscopic grading score. There was no correlation between CTscore and response to treatment.

Background: Premenstrual syndrome is one of the most common disorders of reproductive ages that puts lives of women and girls at significant risk, but there is a little information available about psychological and personality factors related to primary dysmenorrhea. The aim of this research is to determine the role of sense of coherence, alexithymia and self-compassion with self in predicting psychological well-being. Methods: This descriptive research is correlation type. Statistical population of this research is the all girl students with primary dysmenorrhea who are studying in district one high-schools of Rasht in 1395-96. Research sample included 211 girl students with primary dysmenorrhea which were identified among 542 students. Screening questionnaire of premenstrual syndrome (PSST), Antonovsky’ s sense of coherence scale(SOC), self-compassion scale(SCS-SF), Alexithymia Torento’ s scale (TAS-Torento) and Ryff’ s psychological well-being scale (RSPWB-Ryff), analyzed using were used for collecting data. Data were discriminant analysis through SPSS v. 16. Multiple regression analysis was used for analyzing data. Results: The results indicated that sense of coherence (Beta=0. 474) and selfcompassion (Beta=0. 226) are significant predictors for psychological well-being (p=0. 001), while alexithymia didn’ t predict girls’ psychological well-being. Conclusion: These findings indicate the role of sense of coherence and selfcompassion in preventing psychological effects of this syndrome. Therefore, with psychological training the self-compassion and the creation of a stronger sense of coherence in girls with this syndrome can increase the psychological well-being of these girls.

Background: Indices of lifestyle (i. e. physical health, exercise-fitness, nutrition, prevention of diseases, mental health, spiritual health, social health, avoid of drugs and narcotics, prevention of events and environmental health), blood pressure and cardiorespiratory fitness associated with coronary artery disease. However, there is limited research about which variables are important. Thus, the aim of this study to predict the heart failure (HF) with indices of lifestyle and physiological (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, ankle brachial index and peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). Methods: The sample included 299 men (aged 50-77-years) who referred due to heart problem to hospital. The Rose angina questionnaire was used to diagnosis of the HF. In addition, lifestyle and physical activity level questionnaires were completed by the subjects. The VO2 peak was estimated by non-exercise method. Results: Multiple linear regression showed that the HF was significantly predicted based on lifestyle and physiological indices (R= 0. 457, p= 0. 0003). By step-by-step method, it was determined that social health, exercise-fitness and prevention of diseases factors were the most important in this prediction, respectively. Partial correlation showed that VO2 peak was inversely associated with HF (R=-0. 213, p= 0. 0002), after adjustment for age, weight, body mass index and abdominal. Conclusion: It seems that the social health, exercise-fitness and prevention of diseases compared with other factors are more effective for predicting the HF in men aged 50-77 years.

Background: The topic (attention) is one of the most complex and important factors affecting training and learning which creates major problems in academic, social, cognitive, emotional, and the family and professional performance in adolescents in overactive children. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of yoga exercise training in improving visual and auditory attention in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental. The statistical population of the study included 6 years old pre-school children aged 95-96 in Tehran to do this research, 35 children (all subjects were boys) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were selected by random sampling method and multi-stage cluster sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (The experimental group was 18 and the control group was 17). Yoga exercise training (20 sessions per 7 weeks) was performed on the experimental group. The tool used for this study was the Snap grading scale and the NPSIS test. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis. Results: The results of this study showed that yoga exercise training is effective in improving visual and auditory attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (p<0. 001). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, yoga can be used to improve children's visual and auditory attention or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Background: Beta-thalassemia major is a very severe blood disease, its Clinical signs are premature and appear from 3 to 6 months of age. It is one of the most common monogenic diseases in the world and in Iran, and if it is not diagnosed and treated during the first years of life, it will lead to death. In this study, to check the factors affecting the survival of patients with beta-thalassemia major the semi-parametric Cox and parametric Weibull models were used and their efficiency was compared. Methods: In this longitudinal retrospective study, using the available sampling method, data from 300 patients with beta-thalassemia major referred to Zafar's thalassemia clinic in Tehran during the years 1994 to 2017 were used. To compare the models and select the best model, we used the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Data analysis was performed using Stata software version 13. Results: The values of the Akaike information criterion (AIC) for semi-parametric Cox model and the parametric Weibull model were 277. 600 and 107. 211, respectively. Based on both Cox and Weibull models, the variables of blood transfusion, age of desferal and iron deposition in the liver were significantly associated with the survival of patients. Based on Akaike's criterion, the efficiency of the Weibull model was better than the Cox model. Conclusion: Considering the obtained values, the parametric Weibull model is more efficient than the semi-parametric Cox model for survival analysis of patients with betathalassemia major.

Background: Caffeine is isolated Methyl-xanthine, Alkaloid stimulants and it is the most commonly used drug in the world. The present study was to investigate the effect of caffeine on VO2max and Electrocardiograph in active male of student college after Bruce exhaustive exercise. Methods: 9 male active aged 25 (mean 20. 9± 1. 37 years, fat percent 11. 21± 3. 79 percentage and BMI 23. 49± 1. 69 kg/m2) allocated into two equal conditions: the supplement (5 mg. kg-1 caffeine) and without caffeine consumtion. After 60 min supplementation, subjects were participated in a single session of exhaustive Bruce Test. Changes in the VO2max and QT interval distance were meatured. Results: The results showed that caffeine had significant effect on the increased levels of VO2max after Bruce exhaustive exercise compared to the control condition. Also, levels of QT interval increased significantly after the exercise (p<0. 05). Conclusion: Caffeine could significantly increase the VO2max and increase QT after Bruce exhaustive test. Maybe, level and severity of exercise increase the ventricular depolarization and repolarization and cardiac performance.

Background: Peptide apelin regulates appetite and food intake and responses to exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 7-week aerobic training on food intake and appetite-regulating hormone "apelin" in male diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-one diabetic male Wistar rats were allocated into non-diabetic, control diabetic and trained diabetic group (7-week running at moderate intensity) (7 rats each), 4 weeks after induction of type 2 diabetes. During the period of training, body weight and food intake were measured and after the period of training, serum apelin and glucose measured. One-way analysis of variance and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance were used for analyzing data. Results: The body weight of trained diabetic compared with nondiabetic and control diabetic group decreased significantly (p<0. 05). There was no significant difference between food intakes in 3 groups (p>0. 05). Serum glucose increased significantly in control diabetic and trained diabetic group compared with nondiabetic group, wheras serum glucose decreased significantly in trained diabetic group compared with control diabetic group (p<0. 05). Moreover, serum apelin increased significantly in control diabetic and trained diabetic group compared with nondiabetic group as well as in trained diabetic group compared with control diabetic (p<0. 05). Conclusion: Aerobic training without changing food intake decreased the body weight of male diabetic rats. Also, aerobic training independently of food intake by decrease of serum glucose increased appetite-regulating hormone "apelin" in male diabetic rats.

One major strategy, technology-driven improvement of treatment conformity in cancer treatment, including advanced image guidance, advanced charged particle therapy (CPT), and application of nanoparticles in hyperthermia, will enable further widening of the therapeutic window of cancer treatment in the era of precision medicine. The state of the art treatment in photon-therapy is advanced 3D conformal treatment, including the use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) techniques with image guidance (image-guided radiation therapy; IGRT) and stereotactic radiotherapy. Radiotherapy with high-energy charged particles has become an attractive therapeutic option for patients with several tumor types because of their unique depth dose characteristics, which can be exploited to achieve significant reductions in normal tissue doses proximal and distal to the target volume. These may allow escalation of tumor doses, improving local control and survival, while; at the same time, reducing toxicity and improving quality of life. By introducing nanotechnology and biomedical application of nanoparticles and redefining the biological rationale of hyperthermia along with the availability of better hard and software, hyperthermia also permits safer and more effective treatment and holds great promise for combating cancers. This review, describes technology driven improvements in photon-therapy, CPT and nanohyperthermia including merits/drawbacks and the action domains of each method in cancer treatment.