IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS
Year:2001 | Volume:- | Issue:11|Papers Count:9

Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson from labiatae family has different varities. In present study we selected Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson var. callianta, which cultivated in Research station of Alborz (Karadj). The volatile oil extracted from plant by steam distillation method and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The major constituents obtained from var. callianta in flower oil were piperitone (70.22%), piperitenone (9%), 1,8-cineol (7.8%) and in leaf oil were piperitone (49.7%), 1,8-cineole (18.4%), piperitenone (15.8%).

Fennel is one of the precious medicinal plant, widely used in pharmacy, perfume, cosmetic, hygienic and food industries. The essential oils extracted by water and steam distilled (Long & Kaiser) method from seeds, flowers, leaves and stems of Fennel (Foenic ulum vulgare Mill.) in different vegetative phases was analyzed by GC and GC/MS.Essential oils content in different organs were in seeds (2.5%), in flowers (2.8%).and in leaves and stems before flowering, flowering time and seed maturity time were (1.20%, 1.08%) and (0.42%, 0.47%, 0.26%) RespectivelyThe major constituents in seeds and flowers were: trans-anethole (68.4%, 84.0%), fenchon (4.6%, 7.7%), estragol (2.5%, 3.5%), and limonene + 1,8- cineole (19.3%, 3.9%), which percentage of these component in leaves and stems extremely were due to growing stage. This components in leaves before flowering and in flowering time were anethole (58.6%, 28.3%), fenchone (2.9%, 2.5%), estragol (1.7% , 1%) and limonene +1,8 cineole (27.1%, 58.5%) and in stems before flowering, flowering time and after the formation of seed were respectively anethole (78%,44.2%,0.3%), fenchon (2.5%, 1.8%,0.3%), estragol (1.7%, 2.1%, 0.6%) and limonene +1,8 cineole (4.6%, 23.6%, 56.5%).With increasing of leaves and stems age, transanethole will decrease and limonene + I,8-cineole are increased.

Hyssopus officinalis, a medicinal plant, has been as a healer in ancient times. Works of Avicina and Hippocrates, this plant has several times been mentioned, According to the recent scientists also it has positive effect on treatment of asthma, bronchitis, herpes simplex (1) , and HIV virus (6). The main aim of this research is to survey chemical compound existing in essence of leaves of this plant. At the time 2/3 of the plant has sprouted the leaves were picked up, dried up and the distilled (8). The essence extracted from the above procedure has been analysed by GC/MS (10), Rt and KI were compared to the standard compounds, then the obtained compounds were recognized and their quantity were defined per percent(4). From the 27 compounds recognized in the plant, the following four had a larger part: Iso pinocomphon 32.43%, Pinocamphon 13.45%, B- pinen 12.20% and pinocarvone 7.5%.

The influence of soil water stress on essential oil contents of Satureja hortensis L. was investigated. Five irrigation treatments determined that consisted of (i) a control which was irrigated to full field capacity during the growing season (FC), (ii) two moderate water stress treatments during vegetative (LS1) and flowering stages (LS2) and (iii) severe water stress treatments during flowering stages (HS).The volatile constituents of the aerial parts of cultivated S. hortensis were isolated by steam distillation and analysed by GC/MS. Result showed that the oil acclimation under greater soil water stress increased significantly especially in severe treatment. This treatment at the flowering stage affected on the quantity of the essential oils more than the moderate stress in vegetative and flowering stages. The main oil constituents were carvacrol [44.5% (LS2), 42.6% (LS1)] and y-terpinene [40.9% (Fe), 37.8% (HS)]. The amount of carvacrol increased under two moderate stresses but y- terpinene content decreased after moderate and severe stress.

According to result of the investigation. The manna knows as Bid Khesht is excretion of insect. This manna has collected from several species of salix spp.S. accmophylla BoissS. aegyptica L.S. alba L.S. excelsa GmeS. zygostemom BoissManna available in many parts of Tehran province, the time for collection June to August.Bid angbin is excretion of the insect, named Tuberolachnos salignus Gme belong to lachnidea family.It is valued chiefly as medicinal product (pectoral, purgative).

The essential oil isolated by water and steam distillation from aerial parts of Lomatopodium staurophyllum (Rech.f.) Rech.f. was analyzed by capillary GC annd GC/MS. Among the 15 compounds identified, the major componeents were (E)-b-ocimene (26.8%%), myrcene (26.3%), (z)- b - ocimene (17.7%), b -caaryophyllene (4.6%) and limonene (4.6%).

Natural habitates of Iran content of more than 7500 plant species which many of them are medicinal plants. It is as the germplasm and could be source of supplying and producing of medicinal plant for cultivation. Hypericum perforatum growing naturally in the north and west of Iran. In these studies which have done in 1998 and 1999, samples of Hypericum perforatum at the flowering stage were collected from Gorgan, Nowshahr, Gilan in the north as the wetlands and Khalkhal in the west as the mountainous region. Hypericin as the secondary metabolite of Hypercicum perforatum were extracted by Soxhelt and measured by Spectrophotometer. Among the natural habitates, Gorgan and Gilan in 1998 with 2730 and 2584 PPM hypericin were significant with Nowshar anc Khalkhal respectively. Gilan, Gorgan and Nowshahr in 1999 with 2230, 2218 and 2120 PPM hypericin were significant with Khalkhal respectively. It seems hypericin production potential is high in regions with 250-400 m altitude and 500-900 mm rainfall and rich soil with organic and matter minerals.