IRANIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS
Year:2019 | Volume:8 | Issue:27 |Papers Count:6

Achieving economic growth and high per capita income requires an understanding of the factors and potential of the economy. Various factors, such as the rate of savings and the change in the age structure of the population, reflecting the dynamics of the population, can affect economic growth. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of age structure of the population and the rate of savings on Iran's economic growth during the period of 1966-2014. For this purpose, the empirical model, has been Estimated using Quintile Regression as a useful tool. Empirical findings showed that the effect of the dependency ratio as an indicator of the population age structure of the national income per capita is negative and significant in all deciles, and this effect in the early deciles has been more than the end of the deciles. Also, the effect of saving rate on national income per capita in the first to third deciles was not meaningful, but it was positive and significant from the fourth to the ninth deciles. By executing re-sampling (Bootstrap), the results of multiple regressions were confirmed in the model.

Ordinary, to survey efficiency of stock exchange market, stock price index is so important. Therefore finance analyzers reveal that identification effective factors on stock price index and analysis of stock price index according to these factors are caused to improvement of capital market prosperity. This paper surveyed effects of micro(inside the company) and monetary macro variables on stock price index of 12 active group firms of Tehran exchange market with dynamic panel method at 2010-2017. Estimation results reveal that the effects of profit forecasting and liquidity index are positive on stock price index. Also, the Effects of monetary macroeconomic variables such as growth of liquidity and exchange rate on the stock price index are positive. While the effect of the Banking interest rate on the stock price index is negative. Coefficient of lag of dependent variable is positive and ravels that the stock price index is dependent to its lag.

The main objective of this paper is to examine the effective factors on the financial risk in the Iran banking system with regard to the role of the financial crisis. For this purpose, the financial risk were considered as the mean of three risks include interest rate risk, credit risk and liquidity risk and then the effects of the financial crisis, macroeconomic factors(inflation and exchange rates) and banking specific factors(size, profitability and capital adequacy) on it, was assessed in the context of multivariate regression model. This model, using data from 13 banks of Iran during years of 2000 to 2017, was estimated using panel data with fixed effects. The results indicate that the banks' financial risks in terms of financial crisis is more than the absence of financial crisis. In addition, among macroeconomic variables, only inflation has significant and positive impact on the banks' financial risk, whereas all of banking specific factors have significant and negative impact on the banks' financial risk. So banks, to a large extent, can reduce their financial risk in terms of financial crisis by determining the optimum values of their profitability, capital adequacy and size.

The phenomenon of population decline and its aging not only affects economic variables, but also leads to increased spending and financial instability in retirement funds. Hence, the present study investigates the impact of demographic changes on the financial sustainability index of Iran's Social Security Organization. To achieve the research goals, the statistical information related to the research variables during the period 1980-2017 collected from the United Nations and the Social Security Organization of Iran websites. Then, the research model was estimated using Auto regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) econometric method. The research findings show that population size and organizational support ratio index have a positive effect on the financial sustainability of the organization in the short and long term. Also, the effects of life expectancy and population dependency on the financial sustainability index of the organization in the short and long term are negative. This study, on the one hand, pursues the policies of population growth in the country by the relevant institutions and, on the other hand, proposes parametric and systematic reforms in the Social Security Pension Fund as a strategy for financial sustainability in the terms of aging population phenomenon.

Tourism is formed as one of the major social and economic sectors of the world And can have an undeniable effect on the macroeconomic performance of countries; Onestop economy is a good reason To expand tourism in order to diversify the economy, Because the economies of countries that rely on income With the lowest price changes in international markets Or economic sanctions from the powerful countries of the world, Rapidly affected. The present research intends to Investigates the effects of tourism change On the gross domestic product of the country To this end, the current position Tourism in the country's economy has been identified And then to increase its role and share Plan the economy and take the necessary measures. In this regard, using a post-event relationship approach The gap between GDP and tourism growth is examined. for achieving this goal, Due to the nature of the variables, VECM modeling method to determine the magnitude and intensity The relationship between tourismrelated variables and gross domestic product has been used. Based on the results of the VECM model, Short-term effect of tourism revenue changes On gross domestic product (non-zero) and 0. 73 Which is statistically significant at 5% level. And the short-term effects of changes in the number of tourists On gross domestic product (non-zero) and 0. 46 respectively Which is statistically significant at 5% level Therefore, adopting policies that increase Income of the tourism sector can be It is an effective tool for increasing GDP.

The study of the structural changes effect on economic growth can be effective in improving the economic structure and adapting it to the pattern of growth and development within the country. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the structural changes effect on the economic growth of eleven OPEC members during the period 2001-2015. In this study, the new structural changes index introduced by Dietrich (2012) is used. The results show that structural changes in OPEC countries, although having a significant effect, have negative effect on the economic growth of selected OPEC member countries. In other words, structural changes have not been created through natural and inevitable processes, but has been influenced by government expenditures and oil revenues and ultimately reduced economic growth. Therefore, the economic structure of these countries should be modified in a way to take government interventions in directing the share of sectors in production.