Journal of Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention
Year:2020 | Volume:8 | Issue:1|Papers Count:7

Background and Objectives: Today, bullying and its methods of prevention and control have attracted the attention of researchers in the field of education. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of control bullying training on self-esteem and school self-concept in bully students. Materials and Methods: The statistical population included male students in the range 14-17-year-old of public schools in Tehran during the academic year of 2018-19. A total of 40 subjects (20 controls and 20 experimental groups) were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control groups. Using a pilot, pre-test, posttest, and follow-up one month with the control group, Hartler's bullying and Rosenberg self-esteem and school self-concept questionnaires were completed. Then, experimental testing of control bullying training was performed in 8 sessions on the experimental group and after the completion of the sessions the post-test was presented to both groups. After that, a month's follow-up was carried out. For data analysis, analysis of repeated measurements was used. Results: The results showed that the control bullying training program on self-esteem (F=10. 796 and p=0. 002) and school self-concept (F=7. 971 and p=0. 008) between the two groups made a significant difference in the three stages of evaluation. This means that control bullying training helped to promote self-esteem and self-concept of bullying victims. Conclusion: Based on the results of bullying control training, self-esteem, and self-concept of students aged 14-17 years have been effective and can be used to control the students' bullying and anger. Therefore, the awareness of parents, teachers, managers and other professionals is important for these training.

Background and Objectives: The causes of most accidents in workplaces are unsafe behaviors. With the development of industries, the evaluation of unsafe behaviors in the workplace has been considered as an important principle. Safety culture plays an important role in identifying unsafe behaviors in order to reduce the causes of accidents; therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between safety culture and its impact on unsafe behaviors in the steel industry. Materials and Methods: The present study is descriptive– analytical that was carried out in 1397 on all steel company staff with 177 people employed in the forging – press, renovation, phase 4 units. To observe the ethical considerations before the beginning of the study, the satisfaction of all individuals to participate in the study was evaluated. To determine the safety culture score, the standard HSE questionnaire and also unsafe behaviors sampling were used to determine unsafe behavior. The data were analyzed by Statistical tests and SPSS 21software. Results: Most and least unsafe acts were related to the lack of using personal protective devices and engaging in jokes and using pranks at work. There is a statistically significant relationship between the safety score and the accident in the company (p<0. 03). The highest score of safety culture for the work unit and the devolved job was related to the refinery and the welder, respectively. Conclusions: The results showed that the most important factors in the occurrence of unsafe behaviors were when personal protective equipment is not used. For this reason, Coherent and principled educational programs should be held. Moreover, the quality of personal protective equipment should be considered by industrial managers.

Background and Objectives: Taxi drivers are considered as a source of public awareness disseminators who can play an important role in disaster management and therefore, evaluating the extent of this of effectiveness and ways effectiveness and ways to increase their role in the process of managing a disaster such as an earthquake, is of high importance. Materials and Methods: In this paper, the role and importance of taxi drivers (districts 1 and 3 in Tehran) in earthquake preparedness and emergency response planning and programs are analyzed based on the available and targeted audiences using interviews. Results: The results show that only 20 percent of the taxi drivers have appropriate information about the earthquake and its definition. About 53 percent of them are prepared to take correct sheltering in the time of an earthquake. The best educational tools for them are radio, television, and films. In addition, the best educational method is holding educational classes with practical teaching as well as performing drills. Also, teaching provisions of what to do after the earthquakes are very necessary for the taxi drivers. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results show that the taxi drivers can be very effective before, during, and after disasters and help public preparedness and risk reduction. Therefore, they need proper training and relevant information for earthquake preparedness. The most important role that taxi drivers could perform in using appropriate skills is after the occurrence of a disaster.

Background and Objectives: Road traffic accidents are a new public health problem around the world, and "roadblocks" are one of the main causes. Materials and Methods: In this study, using the statistics of traffic injured people referred to forensic medicine in Hamadan province between April 1989 and March 2017, using an artificial neural network, the number of injured for the 12 months leading to 1399 has been predicted. In this study, the appropriate neural network was designed with the data of the injured and then, using the best designed network, the network began to be trained and the network was validated with the absolute percentage of mean error. The authors observe all the ethical considerations of the research in this research and the present research has the code of ethics with the number IR. MEDILAM. REC. 1398. 213. Results: The artificial neural network with 12 inputs of one output and 5 hidden layers is suitable for predicting the injured referred to Hamedan forensic medicine. Predict well. Conclusion: The predicted values showed that the number of traffic injured in Hamadan province is decreasing. Due to the high accuracy of the artificial neural network in this research, this method can be used as a basis for future research in accidents. The downward trend in the number of traffic injured in Hamadan province shows the effectiveness of accident reduction programs in this province.

Background and Objectives: Pedestrians are considered to be the most vulnerable road users. In Yazd, about 32 percent of traffic fatalities are accounted for pedestrians. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify the effective factors in pedestrian accidents in the city of Yazd. Materials and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The method of collecting information was obtained in the field and by reviewing the files in the database of the traffic department. Results: The results show that most accidents that lead to injury were among the young people with a mean age of youths 24. 8 years of the male gender (57. 3%). while the highest accident leading to death is related to older adults with a mean age of 28. 1years of the male gender (65. 6%). Most pedestrian accidents occurred in the month of Mehr (21. 4) and in places without facilities (58. 5) and main streets (58. 6). In this study, the variables of age, education, and job of passersby have a significant relationship with the occurrence of traffic accidents leading to death or injury. Conclusion: By providing facilities and facilities for pedestrians to cross the road, training, developing and practicing safe behavior for users, increasing pedestrian awareness and improving their performance, changing drivers' attitudes and behavior, and reducing vehicle speed will increase pedestrian safety.

Background and Objectives: Hospitals can play an important role during emergencies and disasters. Medical teams with other first-responder teams are the first ones who attend an emergency or disaster. This study aims to measure hospital resilience in emergency situations and to assess the knowledge and attitude of emergency department staff toward disaster management. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was divided into two parts. In the first, hospital disaster resilience was measured using a 58-item questionnaire. In the second part, knowledge levels and attitudes of 102 emergency department staff members towards emergency and disaster preparedness and management were assessed. Two types of self-reported questionnaires were used to assess the knowledge and attitude in hospital emergency preparedness and disaster management including knowledge test (11 items) and attitude test (6 items). Results: The scores of hospital disaster resilience for emergency command, communication and cooperation system, hospital disaster plans, emergency stockpiles and logistics management, and emergency staff domains indicate moderate levels of resilience for the domains. Among emergency staff, 18% had fair and 2% had poor knowledge about emergency and disaster preparedness and management. The findings suggested a positive attitude of staff members toward hospital disaster preparedness and management. Conclusion: Considering the moderate levels of resilience for some domains of hospital disaster resilience and for increasing staff knowledge, disaster-training programs can lead to increased knowledge and skills of key personnel and better management of emergency and disaster.

Background and Objectives: Incidents are one of the most important causes of damages in an organization often occurring due to a chain of minor and trivial errors. Therefore, recognizing the pattern and root causes of the errors are an important approach in understanding and improving safety management in the industry. This study aimed to identify human errors leading to incidents in a gas refinery using human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS). Methods and Matereals: The present study for conducted for the event of stopping the production of gas extraction in the gas sweetening unit of the refinery. So, a team consisted of six senior refinery engineers, first the analysis of root causes of events with Fishbone Diagram was prepared. Then, by combining the HFACS method and FAHP theory, the probability of occurrence of each of the reasons was analyzed. Results: Analyzing the worksheets of 128 activities in four levels of HFACS showed, that the highest errors rate were the first level use of Use low-quality equipment (p=6. 8%) and Failure to properly analyze budget for overhaul maintenance (p=6. 2%), the 2nd level of the sub-group of inadequate supervision of the maintenance supervisor (p=3. 59%), the 3rd subgroup of Task-related human factors (p=3. 25%) and the 4th sub-category of (p=3. 2%) and Inaccuracy of the contractor in completing the checklist Contractor knowledge-based error (p=2. 31%) with the most probability impact in trip gas sweetening unit incident. Conclusions: The results show that errors have various causes, including individual, activity, situational, and organizational errors that require careful planning and management to eliminate or reduce these errors. Increasing the training effectiveness of operators and supervision improvement respectively are the most important measures in decreasing human error-induced incidents in refinery industry maintenance.