Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery
Year:2013 | Volume:9 | Issue:2|Papers Count:12

Background and Objective: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) results in a range of unpleasant, unpredictable and physically disabling conditions. Thus, health promotion programmes are needed and Peer support groups have been shown to play a role in health promotion. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of peer groups on promoting physical health status in MS patients.Material and Methods: This before and after quasi-experimental study was conducted in Tehran MS Association (2010) on 33 patients participated in three peer support groups: 10 in male group, 11 in female group and 12 in mixed group. Eight weekly sessions, each taken 2 hours, were held. The patients were asked to fill out the Physical aspect of “Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Inventory” with 78 items (a=0.93) in pre of intervention, two weeks after it, post of intervention and one month later.Results: The Results show that peer support groups promote the physical health status (p=0.001). In each three groups, there is a significant difference in physical health status in patients from before of intervention until one month after (p=0.001). This change is increasing from start of intervention until the end of it and then is reducing up to one month after intervention.Conclusion: The results show that peer groups can promote the physical health of patients with MS; therefore, with the benefits of peer group, it is possible to promote the quality of care for MS patients, which in turn enhances the patients′ quality of life.

Background and objective: Low blood pressure and Muscle cramps are common complications of Hemodialysis. One approach that has recently been proposed to prevent this complication is the combination of sodium and ultrafiltration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of of sodium and ultrafiltration profile on some of the common complications during Hemodialysis.Material and Methods: In this crossover clinical trial study, 22 Hemodialysis patients referred to Panje- Azar Hospital in 2012 were divided randomly into two groups. For each group, two treatment protocols were conducted, six hemodialysis sessions. The intervention protocol was a linear sodium dialysate and linear ultrafiltration. In routine Protocol, both sodium dialysate and ultrafiltration were considered constant. Using chi-square test and relative risk, the data was analyzed (P<0.05).Results: The mean age is 54.73±11.21 year and 59.1% of them are females. The incidence of hypotension and muscle cramps in the experimental protocol procedure is significantly decreased compared with that of control group (P<0.05), but the incidence of headache and vomiting is not significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: Because sodium and ultrafiltration profile is simple and cost-free and reduces the incidence of complications during dialysis, we recommend using sodium and UF profile instead of routine one.

Background and Objective: Cardiac angiography, which is widely used in Iran, is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for cardiac diseases. The patients suffer from back pain due to complete bed rest after angiography. Thus, this study aimed at determining the correlated factors with the severity of back pain after cardiac angiography in Dr. Ganjavian Hospital of Dezful, 2011.Material and Methods: In this correlational study, 140 candidates of cardiac angiography were selected via convenience sampling. We used a checklist to collect the data about age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes and duration of angiography, which are the influential factors of the severity of back pain. Then, the severity of back pain was measured at first, second, fourth and sixth hour after angiography, using a numerical scale of pain assessment. To analyze the data, we used descriptive statistic, Mann Whitney and Spearman correlation.Results: The subjects are males (N=67), females (N=64) and smokers (12%). The mean age is 55.7±7.7, and body mass index is 27.6±3.07. None of them has history of back pain and previous angiography. Based on Spearman, there is no significance correlation between back pain of 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after angiography and factors such as age, BMI and duration of angiography. Man Whitney test indicates a statistical significance between gender and severity of pain in the first hour (Z=-2.17) and sixth hour (Z=-2.4) after angiography, whereas there is no statistical significance in the second, fourth and fifth hour after angiography. As well, there is no significant correlation between back pain and variables such as smoking, diabetes and hypertension.Conclusion: The findings show that the nurses by being aware of related factors to back pain severity can try to reduce the pain and promote the patients’ convenience.

Background and Objective: Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neuro degenerative disorder, which is chronic and progressive. The specialized PD nurse is needed to give better care services. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of nursing roles on the nurses′ knowledge and attitude toward taking care of patients suffering from Parkinson.Material and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study conducted in 2009, 102 nurses of Kerman University of Medical Sciences were selected and divided into two groups (case and control).The instrument was a researcher made questionnaire. After pretest, the educational program including lecture, group discussion and pamphlet was performed and after three weeks, Post test was given. Using Software SPSS- 15, the data was analyzed by applying descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: There is a significant difference (P<0.000) between the nurses’ general knowledge (7.51±3.17) and general attitude (8.35±5.22). The general knowledge and attitude of control groups are not different between first and second time of recording. General comparison of the effect of training indicates that the difference between intervention and control groups are statistically significant in the first and second time of recordings (p<0.000).Conclusion: The education programs are effective on nurses′ knowledge and attitude toward Parkinson disorder and the roles such as medical care, Education and advocacy. Hence, the educational interventions related to nursing roles in caring Parkinson patients are necessary.

Background and Objective: The concepts are defined differently upon the dominated philosophy and ideology of the communities. Thus, it can be possible to define the main concepts of nursing based on the philosophical and ideological foundation of Islamic ideology in Iran. The aim of the present study was to explain the human’s concepts based on Islamic documents and compare with nursing theories.Material and Methods: The concept derivation of Walker and Avant was used for theory construction. In this method, by studying the existing Islamic theories about human, the researchers chose the best theories adjusting to nursing and redefined them on the basis of nursing concepts. Finally the human’s concept was derived of theories of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, Mesbah Yazdi and Mohammad Taghi Jafari.Results: Human, consists of body and spirit, which have been created based on Fetrat. The movement according to Fetrat is accomplished by the help of wisdom, authority and faith to reach Ghalbe Salim, which is the summit of spiritual health. To reach Ghalbe Salim, human should consider the fields including plant, animal and wisdom. Thus, the nurse’s duty is to help the clients to achieve their real Fetrat, based on the human areas.Conclusion: In terms of this definition that verifies the superiority of spirit over body, nurses must pay attention to the spirit more than the body. In contrast with caring theories, the leader of nursing programs is Fetrat rather than the individual needs and experiences. Hence, the nurses’ duty is to help the human, based on Fetrat, to reach the highest health that is Ghalbe Salim.

Background and Objective: Chronic neurologic diseases due to associated disabilities and high cost of their medical services are considered as a crisis for patients and family. The stress caused by these problems can jeopardize the health of the caregivers. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the general health status of neurologic patients’ caregivers and the related factors.Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2009, the caregivers of the patients with neurological disorders (n=200) were selected via convenience sampling. The data was gathered by a demographic checklist and general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) completed by caregivers and analyzed by descriptive statistic, Pearson correlation coefficient and chi square, using SPSS-16.Results: The mean age is 31.78±9.94 and 59.5% of the subjects are males. The caregivers (72.5%) general health is disturbed (Score more than 23 based on GHQ-28 cut of point). General health of male and female caregivers is significantly different (P<0.05). Between the subscales of GHQ-28, female caregivers compared to males have higher depression score, which is significant (P<0.05). The caregivers’ general health are correlated with (P<0.05) the patient’s care dependency and the income of family. There is no significant relationship between general health and demographic variables such as marital status, history of the disease and educational level.Conclusion: Based on the results, significant percent of caregivers of the patients with neurological disorders suffer from disrupted general health. Thus, the presence of supportive resources and effective coping skills can be effective in improving the health.

Background and Objective: Teachers’ evaluation is considered one of the important strategies for education quality enhancement in universities. The objective of the current study was to investigate the students’ viewpoints about the evaluation criteria of teacher’s performance in theoretical courses in Golestan University of Medical Sciences.Material and Methods: This cross- sectional study was conducted, in 2008, on 330 students of various disciplines. They were recruited via stratified random sampling and asked to fill out a valid and reliable questionnaire including 63 closed questions, which are related to individual, scientific and professional fields. Using SPSS software, we analyzed the data by descriptive statistics, independent t -test, and Anova and Pearson correlation.Results: Seventy-three-point-three (n=242) are females and 26.7% (n=88) males. The most important factors in teacher’s evaluation are Professional characteristics (4.22±0.42). Their scientific ability (4.14) and individual characteristics (3.86%), respectively, are the other factors. In professional characteristics, “The verbal skills and teaching methods” with the mean of 4.64; in scientific ability, “the knowledge and scientific power” with the mean of 4.65 and in individual issue, “patience and good humor” with the mean of 4.61 are the most important issues. Sixty-two-point-four percent of students believe that they are honest about their evaluation and 59.4% of them claim that their evaluation is reliable.Conclusion: In spite of the importance of the scientific abilities, the verbal skills and teaching methods are considered the most prominent ones. The Students’ viewpoints can be used as an important part of teachers’ evaluation for recognizing and eliminating the shortcomings.

Background and Objective: With the development of human societies, the needs for different types of health services are increasing. Because of limitations and shortage of national resources, the awareness of health administrators about appropriate allocation of resources leads to efficient use of assets. The aim of this study was to measure the workload and efficacy of nursing staff in internal ward.Material and Methods: This descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted on, via census sampling, all nursing activities performed by 10 nurses for 94 patients in Panje-Azar Hospital of Gorgan. To determine the efficacy, we asked the subjects to fill out a researcher made, validated questionnaire and measured the time of their presence in the ward. Data analysis was performed by analysis variance, using SPSS-16 software.Results: Of total time of presence, 20.3% is spent for documentary activities whereas only 0.49% for patient education. Overall, the spent time for direct and indirect nursing activities is 46.46% and 53.54%, respectively. The efficacy of nursing staff is 62%, the highest (66.6%) for morning shift and the lowest for night shift (58.34%). There is no significant difference, using analysis variance, in efficacy rates of work shifts (morning, evening and night).Conclusion: In spit of efficacy of over 50 percent in different shifts, the educational programs related to time management, human resource development and electronic nursing are necessary to increase the efficacy.

Background and Objective: Transtheoretical model (TTM) is one of the models applied to assess the regular physical activity. The aim of the current study was to investigate the regular physical activity based on transtheoretical model constructs among Golestan University of Medical Sciences’ students.Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 295 students were recruited through convenience sampling. The instruments were Marcos et al. Stages of change and Nigg et al. Decisional balance questionnaires. Their validity was approved by content and face validity andtheir reliability by test re test method. Data analysis was conducted by Chi- square, Logestic regression, and ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc tests.Results: The mean age of the participants is 21.89±3.05. Eighty nine point five percent are unmarried and 67.5% females.The results show that they are in precontemplation (60.3%) contemplation (8.8%), preparation (11.9%), action (9.5%) and maintanenec (9.5%) stages. There is a significant relationship between stage of change with cons and pros of physicalactivity (p<0.05). Male gender, Bsc and lower educational levels along with cons are the best predictors of regular physical activity (p<0.05).Conclusion: Since the majority of the students (81%) have a sedentary life, It is a necessity to conduct some planned interventions for their progress on maintenance stage. Increasing of pros and decreasing of cons could be useful.

Background and Objective: Substance abuse is a worldwide problem and converted to a big challenge for human society. The trend of this phenomenon is rapidly increasing in the world and our country. Because of quick change of substance abuse profile, a comprehensive assessment for exact identification of this phenomenon is needed. The present study was designed to evaluate the association between substance abuse route and age related factors in substance abuser.Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study (2008), 120 subjects referred to the addiction clinic of Panje-Azar Hospital in Gorgan, Golestan University and medical sciences were selected via systemic random sampling. The data was gathered by a questionnaire and interview and analyzed by, using SPSS software, ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (P<0.05).Results: The mean age of the subjects is 34.2±10.96, with the range of 16-66 years. The subjects are males (107; 89.2%) and married (78; 65%). The first Substance abuse of 87 (72.5%) is opium, which is the most commonly abused substance before withdrawal for 64.2% of the subjects. The main causes of the first use are having pleasure (38.8%), getting rid of psychological problem (23.3%) and being curios (23.3%). Sixty (50%) of them report that they first experienced it at home. The relation between age and route of substance abuse is statistically significant (P=0.025).Conclusion: According to rapid change in substance abuse profile and the characteristics of addicted people, periodically assessments are necessary for identifying this phenomenon and planning evidence based preventive plans.

Background and objective: The academic under-achievement is one of the problems in educational systems of all countries, which is accompanied by several emotional, psychological, familial and social consequences. The aim of this study was to assess the academic satisfaction and the factors associated with under-achievement in students of Golestan University of Medical Sciences, 2008-2010.Material and Methods: This descriptive - analytic study was conducted on 1393 students selected via census in 2008-2010. Of these, 80 students had under-achievement criteria were selected. The demographic data and the data related to education and academic satisfaction were gathered by a valid and reliable questionnaire (a=0.87) and analyzed by using descriptive statistics and Chi-square.Results: The students are between 19-39 years. the highest under-achievements are relatedto medical (45.3%), nursing (17.3%) and environmental health students (10.7%).Their academic satisfaction is reported good (20%), moderate (8%) and weak (72%).There is significant relation between academic satisfaction and the variables such as their fathers occupation (P=0.019), family support (P=0.01) and the communication with counselor (P=0.01).Conclusion: Based on the results, it seems that family support and optimal teacher-student relationship along with facilities and educational opportunities can be effective in improving the educational status and promoting the educational satisfaction.

Background and Objective: The Professional burnout is one of the main factors in efficiency decline, loss of human power and psycho physical problems. In regard to the importance of nurses’ role in health system, the aim of this study was to compare the Professional burnout of nurses in different wards of Shahid Ansari Hospital in Roodsar.Material and Methods: In this comparative research study, the subjects (N=100)were selected, via Morgan table sampling, among 128 nurses worked in the wards such as Women Internal Medicine, CCU, Pediatrics, Men Internal Medicine, Midwifery, Operation Room andEmergency. The data collected by Maslach Professional burnout was analyzed by Spss-18 software.Results: The nurses’ professional burn out was assessed in three aspects of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. The emergency room’s nurses have the highest emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (P=0.001) and personal accomplishment (P=0.001).Conclusion: Regarding the high amount of Professional burnout in emergency room, we recommend providing the necessary educations and facilities to promote the condition.