Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Year:2021 | Volume: | Issue: |Papers Count:38

Introduction: Exercise increases glucose intake and is an effective way to control diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interval and continuous exercise on GDF-15, pancreatic beta cell function and insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: 45 women with type 2 diabetes with a mean age of 38. 69±, 3. 11 and fasting blood sugar of 9. 78±, 1. 25 mmol/l were randomly divided into three groups: continuous exercise, interval exercise and control. Continuous exercise consisted of twelve weeks, 3 sessions per week from 50 to 75% of maximum heart rate. Interval exercise continued from 75 to 90% of maximal heart rate. Sampling was performed before and after the intervention. Dependent t-test was used to compare within-group changes and analysis of covariance was used to compare between groups. Results: According to the statistical results, in the continuous group, a significant decrease was seen in the post-test compared to the pre-test, and in the interval group, an increase in the level of GDF-15 was observed. There was a significant difference between the mean insulin resistance in the pretest and post-test periods in the continuous and interval groups compared to the control group. In the continuous and interval groups, there was a significant difference between the mean performance of beta cells in the pre-and post-period periods compared to the control group (P= 0. 05). Conclusion: Performing a period of continuous and interval exercise is effective in improving beta cell function, blood glucose Reduction and improving insulin resistance.

Introduction: Pain after surgery is an unpleasant experience. This process causes physiological disorders in all systems of the body. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most widely used drugs to control postoperative pain. Therefore, this study was performed to compare the prophylactic effect of intravenous ibuprofen and intravenous ketorolac in pain control after upper extremity surgery. Methods: In this randomized double-blind clinical trial study, 60 patients with anesthesia class I and II underwent upper limb orthopedic surgery. Patients were randomly divided into intravenous ibuprofen and ketorolac. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and heart rate before surgery, 1, 10 and 20 minutes postoperatively were recorded. Pain was measured before, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21 and using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: Ibuprofen and ketorolac groups were similar in terms of gender, age, BMI and ASA. The results of Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a significant difference between ibuprofen and ketorolac groups in terms of pain at 6 hours postoperatively (p <0. 05). At 6 hours postoperatively, the mean pain in patients in the ibuprofen group was higher than in the ketorolac group. Also, the results of Friedman test showed that the pain trend was significant in the ketorolac and ibuprofen groups (p <0. 05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, injection of 30 mg intravenous ketorolac had more pain relief than 400 mg ibuprofen during the study, especially in the first 6 hours after surgery among patients undergoing upper limb orthopedic surgery.

Introduction: Having a disabled child can be associated with experiencing negative emotions in the parents, including their mothers. Such negative emotions may include guilt, shame, sadness, anxiety and worry, anger and tension, and despair. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on hope and distress tolerance in mothers of children with physical-motor disabilities. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population was comprised of all mothers of children with physical-motor disabilities who referred to schools for physically disabled children in Tehran during April to July 2019. Purposive sampling was used to select 30 female subjects who were then randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 15) and control groups (n = 15). In the pre-test stage, Adult Hope Scale and Distress Tolerance Scale were administered. Afterwards, the experimental group was treated for 8 sessions while the control group did not receive any intervention. Finally, both groups participated in post-test and follow-up (3 months). Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups after the treatment. Consequently, the mean score of hope and distress tolerance in the experimental group increased compared to the control group (P <0. 001). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in improving hope and distress tolerance in mothers of children with physical-motor disabilities.

Introduction: Metallo-β,-lactamase (MBL) produsing Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as a threat to hospital infection control, due to its multi-drug resistance. Nowadays treatment of this infection is a serious problem due to spreading of antibiotic resistance. In this study, the frequency of blaVIM (1, 2), blaIMP(1, 2) genes in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from samples of of health centers in Khorasan Razavi province was investigation by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Methods: Totally 74samples of P. aeruginosa were collected from Khorasan Razavi's hospitals during the years of 2017-18 and identified by biochemical methods. In these strains, the production of Metallo-β,-lactamase was measured by Combined disk method and the presence of blaVIM (1, 2), blaIMP(1, 2) gene was investigated by multiplex PCR methoded until theoretical saturation. Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data. Results: The highest rate of infection is related to urinary culture (45. 94%). Totally, 38 samples (51. 35%) were diagnosed as MBL by Combined disk method. in Multiplex PCR 11 samples (14. 8%) contained blaVIM1 gene, 3 samples (4%) contained blaVIM2 genes. 12 samples (16. 2%) contained blaIMP2 genes and None of the strains contain the blaIMP1 gene. Conclusion: The blaVIM1 and blaIMP1 gene has the highest frequency among the samples and The highest rate of infection is related to the urine specimen. Considering the increasing of antibiotic resistance, identifying the type of resistance and selecting the appropriate drug can be a major step in the treatment and control of infections caused by these bacteria.

Introduction: Most women experience one of the symptoms of PMS and these symptoms affect the quality of life and relationships of women in the family, workplace and community. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy on the severity of premenstrual symptoms. Methods: The research design was quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test with three experimental groups and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all married women in Tehran. From this population, 54 people were selected as a statistical sample by the available method and randomly replaced in three groups (two experimental groups and one control group). The required findings were collected using the Premenstrual Syndrome Questionnaire (Steiner et al., 2003) in three rounds: pre-test, posttest and follow-up test, and using repeated measures analysis of variance test Was analyzed. Results: The results showed that the mean severity of premenstrual symptoms in individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy groups decreased compared to the pretest and the results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the effect of therapies on The reduction in the severity of premenstrual symptoms was significant and stable (p≤, 0. 001) and the results of comparing individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy showed that there was no significant difference between individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy approaches. Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy, this approach can be used as one of the intervention methods by marriage counselors and family therapists.

Introduction: A special type of alopecia called androgenetic alopecia is one of the most common skin and hair diseases, and topical minoxidil solution is one of the best treatments. Studies have shown that the use of topical 5% minoxidil solution in patients with androgenetic alopecia reduces hair loss, increases patients' satisfaction with recovery and increases hair growth. Also, the therapeutic effects of flutamide in women with hair loss have been shown that flutamide is a very suitable treatment regimen for the treatment of these patients and its low doses are very suitable and have few side effects. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of 5% minoxidil solution with the combined solution of minoxidil 5% and flutamide 2% in patients with androgenetic alopecia referring to Isfahan Skin Clinic. Methods: This study was a randomized double-blind clinical trial that was conducted as a preliminary study from the summer of 1397 to the summer of 1398 in Al-Zahra Hospital. After identifying patients with mild to moderate androgenetic alopecia as a simple coincidence available to 40 people, they were randomly divided into two groups of cases and 20 subjects. Patients in the control group received 5% minoxidil solution, 1 cc each 20 drops 2 times a day, and patients in the combined group received 2% flutamide and 5% minoxidil in the same way for 9 months. The required data were collected based on the checklist. After collecting the data in SPSS software, version 22 was examined at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: There was no significant difference between gender, age, hair thickness in the two groups of case and control (P>0. 05), but there was a significant difference between hair thickness in the two groups of case and control after intervention (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between hair thickness in the case and control groups before the intervention (P>0. 05), but there was a significant difference after the intervention (P<0. 05). There was a significant difference between hair thickness in the case group before and after the intervention (P<0. 05), but there was no significant difference in the control group before and after the intervention (P>0. 05). There was a significant difference between hair size in the case and control group before and after the intervention (P<0. 05). However, the difference between the mean of the control group before and after the intervention does not show much difference. There was a significant difference between patient satisfaction and physician satisfaction in both case and control groups (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between the time of admission in the two groups of case and control (P>0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study and since conducting this study was an introduction to better understanding the therapeutic effects of minoxidil and flutamide in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia and comparing its therapeutic effects in men and women with androgenetic alopecia, so the necessary measures can be taken. He used a combination of these two drug solutions.

Introduction: Curcumin has an effective protective and therapeutic role in antioxidants that can play an important role during exercise. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of swimming training and curcumin supplementation on antioxidant indices inactive young men. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 40 young men with an age range of 25-20 years were randomly and purposefully selected and divided into four groups of exercise with curcumin, exercise, curcumin, and control. Curcumin was administered orally at a dose of 80 mg nano-micelles daily for four weeks by the groups. Swimming exercises were held for one week for four weeks and three days a week. Blood samples were taken at baseline after the last training session. Paired t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis of data. Results: The results showed that SOD, CAT, and GPx enzymes increased in the exercise group with curcumin (P≤, 0. 05). In addition, curcumin was able to improve the levels of SOD and CAT enzymes (P≤, 0. 05). Also, no difference was observed in the training and control groups in all three enzymes (P> 0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be suggested to use curcumin supplements to increase the effects of swimming exercises to improve the level of antioxidant enzymes.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is estimated the cause of 17. 3 million deaths annually in the world and 27. 4% of deaths in Iran. Since the common risk factors cannot currently predict all causes of cardiovascular disease, researchers have suggested that other factors such as oxidative stress, trace elements, inflammation, and homocysteine may be potential contributors to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, in this study, we assess the association of serum level of homocysteine with the severity of coronary artery involvement. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 347 patients referred to Ghaem Hospital for angiography and 103 healthy individuals without cardiac symptoms were evaluated. Subjects were divided into five groups with more than 50% stenosis of one (1), two (2), and three (3) arteries, individuals with normal angiography or less than 50% involvement (4), and healthy subjects (5). Serum homocysteine level was measured by ELISA at Bou-ali Research Institute. Statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21. Results: In this research, 106 healthy people, 91 normal people, and 80, 87, and 89 people with stenosis in one, two, and three arteries, respectively were studied. The mean homocysteine in the groups with stenosis of one, two, and three vessels was significantly higher than the normal and healthy groups (P <0. 001). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that increment of one unit of homocysteine raised the chance of vascular involvement in people with one, two, and three-vessel involvement into 1. 235 (1. 053-1. 273), 1. 289 (1. 125-1. 414), 1. 461 (1. 326-1. 611), respectively (P <0. 001). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that increase in concentration of homocysteine as an independent risk factor can lead to greater prevalence and progression of vascular stenosis.

Introduction: Doctors and nurses are at the forefront of the fight against Covid-19 disease. The aim of this study was to identify behavioral reactions and coping physicians' improvements in Covid-19 disease. Methods: In the present study, the phenomenological method was used. The population of this study included all physicians who recovered from Covid19 disease in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd between March 2020 and June 2020. Sampling was purposefully selected and studied through in-depth semi-structured interviews and sampling continued until theoretical saturation. Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data. Results: Data analysis led to the identification of 2 main themes, 8 subthemes and 30 basic concepts. The first theme was "Effective Behavioral Reactions. " Effective behavioral reactions included a set of reactions that included sub-themes: 1-self-management, 2-supportive behaviors, 3-relationship management, 4-effective emotion-based coping, and 5-problembased coping. The second major theme was "dysfunctional behavioral reactions. " Dysfunctional behavioral reactions included a set of reactions that included sub-themes: 1-avoidance behaviors, 2-pathological behaviors, and 3-rebellion and laziness. Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study showed that the experience of physicians with Covid-19 has severe and adverse consequences and sometimes growth, which were classified into two main axes of efficient behavioral reactions and dysfunctional behavioral reactions. This article is an approach to continue the study of psychological reactions and the development of psychological intervention protocols.

Introduction: Brucellosis, as the most important and most common disease between humans and animals (Zoonosis), in the field of emergence and recurrence of infectious diseases, has many damages and dangers. The control and eradication of the Brucellosis has always been considered by experts and articles and books have been published in the form of scientific collaborations. The study was to investigate the status of the "Co-authorship Social Network Centrality" in Brucellosis. Methods: This research is applied research that was performed using scientometric methods with an analytical approach. All Brucellosis publications indexed on the WOSCC from 1901 to 2020 cover this article's statistical population. MeSH was used to identify keywords were used to analyze the data. Excel 2016, UCINET 6. 528. 0. 0 and Netdraw software were used to analyze the data. Results: The publication trend of Bursellose territory was upward and the highest in 2019 with 398 articles. The "Journal of Clinical Microbiology" and "Blasco, Jose-Maria" were the most influential journals and authors Impact Factor and h-index. "FERREIRA, F, " "LETESSON, JJ" is in the first rank of the Degree of centrality and betweenness centrality of the Brucellosi, respectively. Five authors had the same centrality of closeness and the same chance in all citations. Conclusion: Scientific collaboration is a complex phenomenon that improves the sharing of capabilities and new scientific knowledge. Examining coauthored social networks' characteristics could provide valuable information about the essential and influential author in the brucellosis network. Study of Social networking indicators coauthors could provide valuable information about important and influential people in the Brucellosis network. The results of the above analysis are a guide for experts and scientific centers in decision-making and policy-making of scientific collaborations and budget allocation.

Introduction: Various methods, such as genotyping based on coa gene and PCR-based methods, have been used to genetically classify Staphylococcus aureus. In the present study, coa gene tracking was used for genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus strains. Methods: 220 infectious samples including sputum (52 samples), urine (86 samples), pus (68 samples), blood (14 samples) from patients admitted to the infectious ward of hospitals in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in a period of 6 months It was collected from January 2016 to July 2017 and transferred to the Microbiology Research Center of Shahrekord Azad University. Results: Of the 220 clinical samples obtained from the most common nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, 92 samples (41. 81%) were infected with Staphylococcus aureus and were traced in 46 isolates of coagulase encoding gene. Based on a multiplied band of coa gene proliferation isolated in coa+ isolates, four I to IV genotypes were identified from the coa gene, with 29 isolates in the coaI type, 9 isolates in the coaII genotype, 3 isolates in the coaIII genotype, and 5 isolates in the coaIV genotype. In the RFLP test using the AluI enzyme, in the coaI type isolates, there were three 140, 170, 210 bp fragments, in the coaII type isolates, two 450 and 260 bp fragments, and in the coaIV type isolates, three 450, 170 and 210 bp fragments were observed, but in the isolates belonging to coaIII type, no enzyme digestion was found. Conclusion: Overall, the PCR-RFLP coa gene is a rapid and reliable method for the molecular identification and typing of erectile Staphylococcal isolates, and the high prevalence of coaI genotype in strains isolated from various clinical infections indicates that this type could be a potential source of Staphylococcus aureus spread in the community.

Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common genetic heart disease which is described as the thickening of the heart wall and causes abnormal cardiac load. It can be associated with dangerous complications such as heart failure, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction and even sudden death. In this study we investigated echocardiographic findings in Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients. Methods: In the present study echocardiographic records of 58 patients who were referred to echocardiography clinic of Ghaem hospital between March 2014 and March 2018 were analyzed. After investigation and categorizing the data in echocardiographic recordings, these data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and significance level was set as p<0. 05. Exclusion criteria was included patients with suboptimal echocardiography view. Results: The most common hypertrophy phenotype among the patients was anterolateral phenotype (44. 8%). In patients with mild and severe left ventricular outlet tract obstruction, 60% of them had anterolateral phenotype. Among the patients with mitral regurgitation, in 69. 6% of them the etiology was systolic anterior movement. In the present study 21. 8%, 23. 6% and 20% of patients had mild, moderate and severe left atrial enlargement respectively. Left atrial enlargement severity was significantly associated with the degree of diastolic dysfunction (P<0. 001). Conclusion: As the anterolateral phenotype is the most common pattern in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and associated with more incidence of mitral regurgitation and LV out flow track obstruction, patients with this phenotype need to be evaluated more precisely.

Introduction: Left upper quadrant (LUQ) abdominal cysts are often discovered by chance. Due to the lack of specific methods for the definitive diagnosis of malignant lesions, the management of LUQ cysts is of great importance. In this regard, knowledge of differential diagnoses (such as adrenal and pancreatic cysts), the use of imaging techniques and surgical indications are very important. Case presentation: This study was a case report. A 56-year-old woman with a history of left adrenal cyst was referred to surgery for LUQ pain after eating. Results: Ultrasound and CT scan showed a 120 mm cystic lesion in the left adrenal gland. The patient was nominated for laparoscopic surgery. During surgery and contrary to the initial diagnosis, a large cyst about 150 mm in diameter originating from the pancreas and splenic artery involvement was detected, which was performed distally pancreatectomy and splenectomy. Pathological examination showed a mucinous tubulopapillary neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia with a small focus of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma about 5 mm in size. Conclusion: Current imaging methods are not able to definitively identify the origin of large LUQ cysts, which leads to errors in the management of malignant lesions of the pancreas or adrenal glands. Therefore, it seems that the use of laparoscopic method, in addition to minimally invasive benefits such as less pain, reduced hospitalization period and faster return to daily activities, can help make the right diagnosis during surgery and make decisions. Provide the right fit for the surgeon.

Introduction: The students are considered the main resources in the society and they can pave the way for the development of the societies through successful educational performance. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of training self-compassion on high school students’,school phobia. Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population included secondary high school students in the city of Tehran in academic year 2019-20. 40 students were selected though multi-stage clustered random sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group 20 students). The experimental group received seven sixtyminute sessions of training intervention of self-compassion (Germer, 2009) during a month. The applied questionnaires in the study were school phobia questionnaire. The data were analyzed through ANCOVA method using SPSS 23 software. Results: The results showed that training self-compassion has significant effect on high school students’,school phobia (p<0. 001) in a way that this intervention has led to the decrease of high school students’,school phobia. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that training selfcompassion can be used as an efficient method to decrease high students’,school phobia through employing techniques such as familiarity with the concept of mindfulness, accepting emotions, facing emotions, the skill of personal accountability, and self-awareness.

Introduction: Supporting the family foundation is a matter of high importance in various societies. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of couple intelligence training on the couples’,marital satisfaction and adjustment. Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, and control group design and two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population of the present study included 20 to 45-year-old couples with marital conflict who referred to consultation centers in the city of Isfahan in the first quarter of 2020. Thirty 20 to 45 year-old couples with marital conflicts were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 15 couples). Three couples from the experimental group and two couples from the control group quitted the study after starting the intervention. The experimental group received twelve ninety-minute sessions of intervention related to couple intelligence training (researcher-made) during three months. The applied questionnaires in this study included marital conflict questionnaire, Enrich’, s marital satisfaction questionnaire and marital adjustment questionnaire. The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA by SPSS version 23. Results: The results showed that couple intelligence training has significant effect on the couple’, s martial satisfaction and adjustment (p<0. 001) in a way that this training succeeded in the improvement of the couples’,marital satisfaction (0. 64) and adjustment (0. 68). Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that couple intelligence training can be applied as an efficient method to improve the couples’,marital satisfaction and adaption through employing techniques such as training empathy, expressing positive emotion, intimacy, self-awareness, motivation in relationship, empathy, steady modification of common sensational, sexual, behavioral and cognitive models and effective measures.

Introduction: Purpose of the present study was to develop a quantitative model based on lack of identity and social status in middle-aged professional athletes. Method: This research was conducted using Explorative Mixed method and considered as an applied study in terms of objective. The statistical population consisted of middle-aged professional athletes in the country70 middle-aged professional athletes of the country participated in the present study by available sampling method. In order to collect information, a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to collect information. The reliability of questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha ( = α,0. 79) Content-related validity was evaluated by 10 sports experts and its construct validity was evaluated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, partial least squares and SPSS24 and smart pls software. Results: Results of the research model showed that reward and wealth, respect and influence, and managerial factors had the most impact on the identity and social status of middle-aged professional athletes with factor loads of 0. 830, 0. 821 and 0. 774, respectively. On the other hand, components of individual conditions, value and importance, social relations and family relations had the least effect on the identity and social status of middle-aged professional athletes with factor loads of 0. 235, 0. 315, 0. 323 and 0. 334, respectively. Conclusion: it is suggested to provide a basis for improving the status and social identity of middle-aged professional athletes by increasing facilities and salaries, their greater participation in major sports decisions and support management.