SPORT MANAGEMENT REVIEW
Year:2018 | Volume:10 | Issue:49 |Papers Count:12

The gap in sports industry main the difference between customers' expectations and their perceptions of the real situation. Basic steps to bridging these gaps are to identify current situation and desired status and amount of the gap. The aim of this study is to identify the current situation, the ideal situation, and the gaps in the sports industry in terms of hosting major sporting events. a combination of quantitative and qualitative research method was followed to identify the gap factors. To find out qualitative data a Simi-structure interwove with 16 member and for quantitative data 120 member of sports manager of sports federations, Olympic committee, sports ministry and sport management masters were conducted, then 120 gap analysis questionnaires for quantitative data used. The questionnaire validity was confirmed by 25 of the sports management and measurement reliability Cronbach's alpha was 0. 76. Delphi method was used for analyzing qualitative data. For quantitative data, descriptive statistics, mean, SD, analysis of variance and t-test was used. Friedman test was used to rank the factors and identify the gaps. The resulting analysis of data indicates that the current situations are the Social dimension, operational, legal, financial, marketing, science and technology and environmental conditions. Main gaps were identified in the knowledge and technology dimensions. To improve the gap some indications proposed.

The purpose of this study was to investigate of scientific productivity and coauthorship network of Iranians' researchers on physical education and sport science in Web of Science during 2006-2016. The scientometrics approach and Network Analysis Method were used and deals with mapping co-authorship networks. For analysis and visualization of co-authorship networks, Histcite, Nodexl and VOSviewr Softwares were used. The data consists of all scientific productivity of Iranians' researchers in mentioned field which was published in Web of Science. The results show that in this period, there are 604 scientific document related to Iranian researchers in the field, of which 487 papers are in the article formats in 82 journals. The majority of collaborations of the Iranian researchers has been with United States, Britain and Canada. As well as the most productive organizations are related to Islamic Azad universities, medical sciences Tehran and Guilan and the most productive authors were Rahnama, Salavati and Mazaheri Moreover. Arazi From the University of Guilan, Asadi from Payame Noor University, Gaeini from University of Tehran, Mohebbi from University of Guilan and Rahnama from University of Isfahan have had the most cooperation with their counterparts.

The purpose of this research was identifying the challenges of implementing the resilient economy in the country's sport industry. The qualitative research method was used and the required research information was obtained using documentary studies and interviews with experts. The statistical population of the research consisted of the university professors who specialized in sports management and economic of the country. The sampling method was Purposeful and interviews with experts had been continuing to reach the theoretical saturation (14 interviews). In total, 16 factors were identified for implementing the resilient economy in the country's sport industry which were categorized into five general factors; the weakness of law and legal factors, lack of axial program, disregard for research and development, economic factors and disregard for upstream documents. According to the findings of the research, challenges were identified which have to be eliminated to develop the country's sport industry.

The purpose of this study was designing a model for the role of clubs’ evangelists in Iranian football premier league. This research was descriptive, correlational based on structural equation modeling that was done as a field survey method. Due to the limited access to all fans of football premier league in the country, the researchers chose two elected clubs, Esteghlal and Persepolis. These clubs are two of the most popular clubs in Iranian football premier league. The statistical population consisted of the fans of Esteghlal and Persepolis clubs in the 16th Persian Gulf Premier League. Based on the number of statistical population was unknown, according to the Morgan table, 384 individuals were considered for sample size and in the Derby game, 192 correct questionnaires were collected equally from the fans of each team. The research method was available random. The base of the research instrument was Dwyer et al. questionnaire (2015) that has been modified to be used in the culture and community of the country. For face and content validity, the translation of the questionnaire was confirmed by some sports marketing experts and sports management professors and the final edition was corrected by fixing the difficulties and ambiguities. The reliability of the study was done by a pilot study. The results of running the model in Amos software were shown the fans as Esteghlal and Persepolis evangelists played four roles of Advocator, Advertiser, Antagonize and Assimilator. Today, sports team marketing executives, through the formation and strengthening of fan club communities, thrive through promotion and marketing, so that their teams could benefit from the financial and intellectual capital through maximized supporter participation.

One of the ways to educate and encourage children to do physical activity and exercise through schools. The present study was conducted to investigate the functional role of the madman and the writings of primary schools in Tabriz. The method of this research is descriptive. Content analysis was performed and the data were collected using a researcher made scribble sheet whose agreement coefficient (91. 5) and validity were verified as acceptable. The statistical population of this study was wall paintings and writings of elementary boys and girls in the four district of Tabriz city, the census method was used for sampling. The results of the analysis of wall paintings and writings showed that among 219 wall papers and observation papers, 46. 57% of the total was related to sports components. The results indicated that the elements of sport were undesirable in the elementary school walls. This is while wall paintings and writings in the school environment can be encouraged, informing about the benefits of sports activities, create a culture of doing sports activities and promote action and motor Literacy. Most schools also have long-lived walls that are left unused, while they can create attractive environments at the lowest cost, drawing pictures and writings, and train the desired behavioral goals. Regarding the results of the functional status of the wall paintings and the writings of primary schools in education and encouraging students to exercise and exercise is not optimal and needs to be reviewed.

Todays, tourism and attract tourists is as one of the most important issues in recognition of the potential of a region and attract domestic and foreign investment all around the world. In fact, tourism has become one of the main pillars of the world trade economy. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence the development of sports tourism of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, strategy formulation and prioritize these strategies. In this study, the research is functional, based no objective and type, the research is descriptive – analytic. The study population consisted of 68 high and middle managers, sports managers, investors and experts that are active in the tourism sector. Combining AHP with SWOT was used to data analysis. The results of data analysis revealed that among the developed strategies, “ Providing investment fields for winter sports” , “ introduced Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province as a tourism hub for winter sports” and “ summer tourist centers to attract tourists in all seasons” are most important investment strategies for the development of tourism in the province of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari.

The purpose of this study was to designing a strategy map of student sport federation by Balance Score Card. Research method was descriptive survey and applied. The research population was consisted of 65 persons including managers, professionals in the area of student sport federation were selected as statistical population and sampleand they were surve. Strategic goals were 12 goals determined in strategic council meeting and was set in the matrix in the form of a questionnaire, then was given to research samples. To designing a strategy map was used method Balance Score Card (BSC). The final model showed relationship between strategic goals in five levels and four perspectives: growth and learning, internal processes, productivity, and customer and has 27 strategic objectives, 27 measures and 77 measures. Ultimately it can be concluded that, suggested model has potentiality of being applied in practicing strategies due to the relationship between the prospects and strategies with strategic goals, the measures and initiatives of the federation in different perspectives, in addition to implementing the strategy, are capable of creating the ground for the realization of the goals of the federation.

The present study proposes a proposed model to investigate the effect of Causerelated marketing on affection (brand Attractiveness and identity) and the preference of sport services: emphasizing the role of moral pleasure and loyalty of athletes of the kindred, charity sports complex. The method of this research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive based on a descriptive research method. By using the tool of the questionnaire, it has been collected and surveyed using the required data. The data needed to conduct the research using available sampling method from 400 athletes (customers) of charity sports activities complex in Tehran was obtained. Data analysis was performed using correlation analysis and structural equation modeling with Amos 24 software. The results of the study showed that the preference for Cause-related marketing services is directly affected by the moral pleasure, identity and loyalty of altruists, and because of the attractiveness of the brand, the preference of sports services is affected by Cause-related marketing activities.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the indicators of personal sales on the behavior of youth shopping in sport products. The present research is purposeful and applied in terms of data collection as a descriptive survey research. The statistical population consisted of all young consumers in the country. 232 people were selected by random sampling method and the questionnaire was distributed online. The instrument for measuring the questionnaire adapted from Yousef (2016) was modified by the researchers. In order to present the model, convergence and divergence validity has been used with smart PLS2 software. The findings showed that personal characteristics, store features, product offerings and promotions provided by retailers have a significant impact on the behavior of young people. Generally, vendor's integrity, skill and ability, the quality of the goods offered alongside the favorite and fitted space of the store should be the main pillars to increase the sales.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation on financial performance of Tehran city's private sport clubs. In this correlational study (structural equation modeling), 224 private sport clubs were selected using relative stratified random sampling method from 513 sport clubs of Tehran city, and their managers completed entrepreneurial orientation scale (Hughes & Morgan, 2007), and market orientation scale (Narver & Slater, 1990). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling at 95% confidence level. Basis on the results, the dimensions and overall level of entrepreneurial orientation (risk-taking, innovation, proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness, autonomy) and market orientation (customer orientation, competitor orientation, inter-functional coordination) had significant, positive and moderate to strong relationships with the financial performance of private sports clubs. Entrepreneurial orientation directly and indirectly through market orientation had a significant and positive effect on the financial performance, and entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation explain 58% of the variance in financial performance. According to the findings, entrepreneurial orientation, especially the orientation toward innovation and proactiveness, accompany with market orientation, especially customer orientation, can enhance the financial performance of the private sports clubs.

The communication skills are one part of organizational behavior and its aim is more productivity in achieving organizational goals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of communication skills on organizational attitudes (organizational commitment and job satisfaction) of physical education faculties in Payame Noor University. The methodology of study was descriptive – survey. The population included all physical education faculties in PNU (80 people fulltime and 700 part time). The samples selected by cluster random sampling and with regard of Morgan table for best number of samples (250 people). The data gathered by 3 questionnaires include: Barton G’ s communication skills, Susan J’ s job satisfaction and Lina et al’ s organizational commitment. The face and content credits of questionnaires approved by some faculties and experts. The reliability of questionnaire approved by Cronbach's alpha test (0. 84, 0. 84, 0. 88). The data analyzing did by statistical way: descriptive way (frequencies and classifications) and inferential way (K-S, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis). The results showed there were significant relation between communication skills and organizational attitude (P< 0. 001). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the relationship between the two components of communication skills (verbal & feedback) and organizational attitudes was significant (P< 0. 001) and (P< 0. 004), the effect listening component on organizational attitudes is not significant (P< 0. 470). With considering the results, there is a suggestion for administrators to prepare programs for developing all components of communication skills, especially listening skills.

The purpose of this study was to investigating the relationship between basic elements of the Stankosky's model knowledge management and knowledge sharing from the managers' view point of administrations of Physical Education University across the Iran. The method of this research was descriptive – surveying and sample size was 54 individuals. The main tool of this research was the modified and of questionnaire (Andam, 2008), with 19 questions for basic knowledge elements and 6 questions for knowledge sharing, which was designed in a 5-point Likert scale. The results showed that there was significant relationship between the basic elements of knowledge management and knowledge sharing in the administrations; the multivariate regression results showed the 0. 504 % of the variance in knowledge sharing is related to knowledge management and organization has the greatest importance impact in prediction of knowledge sharing. Based on the results, it was found that a specific KM strategy, or specific managerial actions, would not work to the same extent for different organizations. Therefore, the goals and strategies of knowledge management will vary greatly according to the planning and strategic thinking of an organization with another organization.