Preventive Care in Nursing and Midwifery Journal
Year:2016 | Volume:6 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Background and Objectives: Re-admission of patients with heart failure is increasingly high. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of teaching heart failure patients and their families based on their learning needs on the frequency of re-admission.Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 75 patients with heart failure. Samples were divided randomly into one experimental group and two control groups. For the experimental group, along with their family members, teaching was done on the basis of their learning needs using CHFPLNI. For the control group (1), teaching was done without assessment of learning needs and with the presence of their family members and for the control group (2), teaching was conducted without assessment of learning needs and without the presence of their family members. Re-admission on day 30, 60 and 90 after discharge was calculated. The collected data was fed to SPSS- 11.5 software and analyzed using Chi-square and Exact Fisher test.Results: Findings showed that in terms of re-admission after the intervention, there is no statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control groups (P>0.005).Conclusion: Intervention on re-admission did not show a significant statistical impact. Therefore, further investigation is needed. Designing studies to consider frequent hospital readmissions with differentiation of causes and longer follow-ups is recommended.

Background and Objectives: Anxiety is one of the most common psychological reactions in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study aimed to compare the effect of training by peers and nurses on anxiety in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Materials and Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental intervention. Samples included 60 patients with myocardial infarction who were divided randomly into control and intervention groups. The first group was taught by peers, the second by nurses. Rate of anxiety was evaluated in both groups through the completion of the Spielberger anxiety questionnaire before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, five days after heart attack, and four weeks after the heart attack. Data were analyzed through independent t-test, chisquare test, Fisher's exact test and two-way ANOVA with repeated measures.Results: The mean difference of anxiety in both groups three days after the heart attack (before the intervention) was not statistically significant (p=0.76). A two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that the level of anxiety in both groups three days after the heart attack (immediately after the intervention), five days and one month after it (after intervention) was statistically significant (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Peer-led education compared with education by nurses significantly reduced anxiety level in patients with myocardial infarction. Therefore, using this method is recommended in patients with myocardial infarction.

Background and Objectives: Delivery is a stressful event in a woman's life which is often accompanied by anxiety. Lack of awareness of unknown pregnancy problems is the cause of increase of mothers’ anxiety and medical intervention. The present study was done to measure the effect of childbirth preparation training classes on the anxiety of pregnant mothers.Materials and Methods: This was a semi-experimental study for which 98 pregnant women were selected from those who had referred to the Sirik health clinics by using convenience sampling. They were allocated into the experimental and control groups randomly. The experimental mothers’ group were subjected to 8 sessions of preparation for childbirth courses and the control group only received a routine prenatal training. Data were collected using pregnancy anxiety questionnaire (PRAQ) in two steps of pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using chi-square, t-Test and ANOVA.Results: The results showed that there was not a significant difference in anxiety level before the intervention between the two groups. However There was remarkable decline in all aspects of pregnancy anxiety except fear of variations and common states of fear (p<0.05).Conclusion: Our findings showed that mothers` anxiety decreased due to participation in preparation for childbirth courses. Thus, implementing this program as a continuous intervention process for pregnant mothers is recommended.

Background and Objectives: Adolescence is the time of the transition from childhood to adulthood; but it is also a formative period of the life habits in which many of the lifestyles are learned and established. This study was done to explore the views and experiences of adolescent girls and adults in order to clarify characteristics of youth-friendly reproductive health services.Materials and Methods: This qualitative descriptive study was conducted during the period February-November 2012. Data were collected by carrying out focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews with 247 adolescent girls and 14 key adults, including school counselors and health providers in Mashhad and Shahroud cities. All interviews and focus group discussions were recorded on two digital recorders and were transcribed. Routine content analysis, data coding and categorization were performed by MAXQDA10.Results: The characteristics of youth-friendly reproductive health services were classified in four categories: (1) personnel factors (2) physical and environmental factors of the services providers (3) management factors and (4) stimulus factors.Conclusion: According to the results of the study, establishing centers of reproductive health services for female adolescents of this age group can play an important role in preventing reproductive health problems them.

Background and Objectives: High levels of social capital can improve job satisfaction and quality of work life in nurses and hospital’s productivity. The moral values are the foundation of any organizational culture and the high levels of it lead to greater commitment, service quality and satisfaction of patients. This study aimed to assess relationship between social capital and ethical values in hospital.Materials and Methods: This was a correlational study. The study population was the hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.180 samples were selected from a general hospital by multistage random sampling method. The data were collected using a questionnaire and were analyzed using the Spearman test by statistical software SPSS 18.Results: total number of participants were 170.66.8% were women and their average age was 36 years old and the average work experiences were 12.5 years. Average social capital score was 81 out of 155 points and average ethical value was 25.33 out of 450. Cognitive aspects were significantly related to the ethical values (P<0.05) and ethical values were positively correlated with relational aspect (rs=0.03).Conclusion: The ethical values and social capital of the hospitals need reform. It seems that other factors besides social capital related to ethical values in nurses need further study to address them.

Background and Objectives: Marital burnout shows that couples are bored and tired of marriage. Identifying factors causing marital burnout are important to enrich marital life. Therefore, the aim of this study has been to predict marital burnout based on personality traits and sexual intimacy in nurses.Materials and Methods: In this correlational study 159 married female nurses working in three selected private hospitals in Tehran in 2014 were chosen by stratified random sampling. To collect data, we used Gordon Personality Inventory (GPI), Sexual Intimacy Inventory (SII) and Couple Burnout Scale (CBS). Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient and inter-multiple regression analysis.Results: Results of the data analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between marital burnout, sexual intimacy and personality traits of neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness (P<0.05), but there was not a significant relationship between agreeableness and openness (P>0.05). Also, results of the analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between sexual intimacy and personality traits of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness (P<0.05) but it did not have a significant relationship with openness (P>0.05). In general, results of the regression showed that personality traits and sexual intimacy specify %41.6 of marital burnout.Conclusion: According to the research results, training and counseling sexual intimacy and personality traits may prevent marital burnout.

Background and Objectives: Due to the importance of the effect of occupational hazards on the performance of health workers and professional satisfaction, this study was done to determine the relationship between the injuries caused by job with job satisfaction, stress and employee turnover mediated by perceptions of safety climate about health workers.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-correlative study. The statistic population of this study included all medical and administrative staff of Zanjan’s teaching hospitals. The sample was 268 people who were selected among the therapeutic staff of Ayatollah Mousavi and Valiasr hospitals by using Cochran method and accessible sampling. Data were collected by a local standard questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by factor analysis (KMO=0.809) and its ostensible validity and reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.82) report. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regression by SPSS software, version 22.Results: Multiple regression showed that there is a significant relation between the injuries caused by job and job satisfaction, job stress and turnover (p<0.05). Also, the mediating role of perceptions of safety climate variable was confirmed.Conclusion: Organizations should pay more attention to the prevention of injuries to prevent the decline in employees' perception of safety so that the attitude of staff and their job satisfaction do not change.

Background and Objectives: Neonatal mortality rate is the most important index for assessing health, cultural and economical issuse in each society. This study assessed the prevalence of stillbirth and infant mortality related to maternal and neonatal causes in 1392-1391 at Arak.Materials and Methods: This cross senctional study was conducted using data collected from patient files with stillbirths (dead fetuses older than 20 weeks) and dead neonate cases aged less than 28 days from 1391 to 1392 recorded in three hospitals at Arak. After getting written permission of the hospitals, data were collected from the files. The descriptive statistics (mean and percentage) and inferential statistics chi-square and t-test were used.Results: The results showed prevalence of stillbirth was 19.8 and neonatal death was 19.1 per thousand live births. Asphyxia was the most prevalent cause of stillbirth 120 (45.2%) and premature birth was the most common cause of neonatal mortality 71 (28.9%). In 173 cases (70.3) of neonatal deaths and 150 cases (54.6%) of stillbirths, mothers did not have any disease condition. Preterm labor was the most important obstetric complication in the two groups.Conclusion: Neonatal mortality rate from 1391 to 1392 was higher than the neonatal death rate in 1386. Since most neonatal deaths happened due to preterm delivery; thus investigating the causes of premature delivery and the need for better maternal care is advised.