Journal of Research in Medical Education
Year:2015 | Volume:7 | Issue:3|Papers Count:9

Introduction: Clerkship and internship courses are very important in health service management education. Due to weaknesses in holding of these courses in last few years, the aim of this study is to explore the viewpoints of Iranian master students in health service management about methods of implementing clerkship and internship courses.Methods: In this qualitative study with phenomenological methodology, using purposive sampling method 9 people of health services management students from 7 medical sciences universies including: Tehran (1 person), Tabriz (1 person), Kerman (1 person), Esfahan (1 person), Shiraz (1 person), Gazvin (2 persons) and Azad university (2 persons) that 4 people were male and 5 of them were female selected. data were collected using focus group discussion and semi- structured interviews, conducted in2012 through open- ended questionnaire and were analyzed using Content-Analysis methods.Results: Findings resulted in 4 main themes and 20 sub themes. The main themes included: teaching methods, evaluation, strength and weakness points. Sub themes for teaching methods included: briefings, holding timetable, having lesson plan, tasks and activities. Sub themes for evaluation included: reporting, researching, and assignment and assessments by hospital authorities.Participants had complained about evaluation methods. About strength points, participants referred to focus on applicable subjects and its research- based nature. Sub- themes for weaknesses included: high working load, poor supervision, problems in coordination with hospitals, absence of curriculum authorities, and lack of familiarity of centers’ or field’s staff with topics in health services management Conclusion: According to the results of this study to improve health service nanagment clerkship and internship courses, revising of evaluation methods in of these courses, improving coordination with hospitals and more familiarity of hospitals personnels with health service management are essential.

Introduction: Promotion of creative skills is one of the goals of higher education for training nursing students and also the need for innovative nurses in intensive care wards is felt to provide exclusive complex care to very ill patients. Thus, this survey aimed to compare creative skills in the nursing students and nurses in 30 intensive care units of hospital covered by Tehran University of medical sciences in 2013.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all freshman (131) and senior (126) nursing students through census method and 150 nurses in the intensive care units of hospitals covered by Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2013 were selected by random sampling. Abedi Creativity questionnaire was used for data gathering. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, with variance analysis and Toki tests; at the significant level P<0.05.Results: Mean score of creative skills scores for freshman students was 126.1±7.4, senior students 142.4±8.6 and for nurses 151.6±8.4 that was statistically significant. There is a meaningful difference between the freshman students with senior students (p<0.01), freshman students with nurses (p=0.02) and senior students with nurses (p=0.01) in terms of the mean scores of creative skills. So that nurses̛ creativity skills was more than of freshmen and senior students.Conclusion: Research findings show that creative skill in critical care nurses is more than students and also in senior students is more than freshman students. Low levels of creative skill among nursing students compare to nurses indicates the necessity of the skill improvement by embedding them in students’ curriculum and using modern methods of teaching.

Introduction: Higher education system is a great asset and play different roles in societies. Ensuring of acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies were required by the graduates and the need for evaluation as a management practice are prerequisite for this system. The present study aimed to assess the common methods of educational evaluation from the views of faculty members in Urmia University of medical sciences.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 167 members of the Faculty of Urmia Medical Sciences were selected in 2013. Data were collected by a Researcher made questionnaire. Friedman test, t-test and ANOVA were used for data analysis.Results: Of 165 respondents, 27 were PhD and 108 were medical specialists. From the view of faculty members, participatory and goal-free models were more favorable. Analysis of the results revealed preference models on the basis of teaching experience; gender and having managerial position were not significant. ANOVA and LSD tests showed that in the goal-oriented model, difference of mean scores between the ranks of associate professor (3.77) and assistant professor (4.12), (P=0.003) and in the management-oriented model difference of mean scores between the ranks of lecturer (4.66) and assistant professor (4.38), were significant (P=0.04).Conclusion: Viewpoint and preferences of faculty members indicated that not only the defined goals objectives and results but also unforseen actual results, participation of stakeholders, particularly students, who were important in the selection of evaluation models must be considered, so that it will strengthen their credibility and effectiveness.

Introduction: continuous evaluation of medical education is essential for promoting and improving medical education quality. Assessment of medical graduates viewpoints about practical value of educational topics and their clinical competencies is a method for evaluation of medical education. This study aims to determine general physician's viewpoints occupied in health care and hospital centers about practical values of subjects taught in the context of neurological diseases also, about their competencies in diagnosis and management of common neurological diseases.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in 2013 among all GPs graduated at the beginning of 2002 until the end of 2012, completed the neurological internship course during their study and occupied in health care or hospital centers in the guilan province. The questionnaire contains three parts: demographic data, assessment of the practical value of educational titles set by the General Medical Council and Planning Education by GPs qualified research project, assessment of their competencies in diagnosis and management of neurological diseases related to educational titles. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. To describe data, the mean, standard deviation and Frequency distribution were used.to compare clinical competency scores in terms of variables, independent test was used for normal distribution and Mann whitney test was used if distribution was not normal.Results: This study assessed 148 general physicians viewpoints. In assessment of practical values of educational titles without regarding to fields of work, educational titles such as physiopathology, diagnosis and management of headache, vertigo and neurological complications of interior disease, had the most "important" and "very important" values, respectively. In assessment of clinical competencies in diagnosis and management of neurological diseases, without regarding to fields of work, physicians in educational titles such as headache, vertigo, physical exanimation and history taking of neurological disease, had the most clinical competencies respectively. Assessing of overall clinical competencies of physicians in diagnosis and management of neurological diseases, shows that, the most (65.5%) of physicians had a poor clinical competencies.Conclusions: Regarding to poor competencies of majority of physicians in diagnosis and management of neurological diseases, this assessment suggests a review to devote much of time and attention to educational titles with high practical values and eliminating and/or limiting titles with low practical values.

Introduction: Considering the importance of holding Student Olympiads and the necessity of evaluating the quality of the competition, this study try to analyze the students' opinions about the strengths and weaknesses of their proposals for better organization of medical Students Olympiad tests in University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This is a qualitative research based on objective and content analysis that has been done in Tabriz in 2012. Required information through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews collected and were analyzed by content. In this study, 224 participants from selected students of the first stage of the Olympiad around the Iran University of Medical Sciences, agreed to fill out a questionnaire with open questions and in the next step after the extraction of the raw code of the questions until data saturation, semi- structured interviews were also conducted.Results: By analyzing data, three main themes including welfare, state exams, and knowledge level were extracted. Welfare included the dorms, services, equipment needed for students, entertainment, and recreational facilities- sport. The test included giving information, administering exams and announcing of the results. Knowledge level included subject the Olympiad of quality questions design, innovation, and creativity in the Olympiad. Participants suggested for main solutions and 12 suggestions to improve the overall strategy of holding Olympiad.Conclusion: Based on students' viewpoints, designing questions with high Taxonomy strengthen clinical reasoning skills of students. Now, with low experience in holding students Olympiad in Iran, it is necessary to adopt appropriate policies to increase success in such exams. Also, planning accurately, exams can be effective to promote students spirit.

Introduction: Procrastination is a common behavioural problem in people and research showed that impulsive is a factor in making and increasing procrastination which is also a sign of ADHD. Focusing on the importance of job in persons life, This research has studied in comparison of career development and procrastination between attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and normal students of University of Isfahan.Method: The method is a comparative and causative one. The participants are BA students of university of Isfahan among whom 220 students were chosen by clustering sample. The participants were compared and contrasted in three fields through Career Development Questionnaire, Procrastination Questionnaire, and Wender Utah Rating Scale measure. They were contrasted in three groups as attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder, to be in doubt attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder and normal ones. data were analyzed through descriptive statistics as mean, standard deviation and two levels of inferential statistics through one-variable variance analysis (p<0.01).Results: The results show that there is no significant difference between career development of attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder students, to be in doubt and normal ones. There is a significant difference between procrastination among attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder, to be in doubt students and normal ones (F= 6.47, p<.01).Conclusion: Totally, attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder has effect on students’ procrastination. Thus medication and educational intervention to control procrastination and improving function of students is suggested.

Background: Individual differences in learning partly depends on intelligence and ability but Various factors such as motivation, environment, quality of schools and coach also can involve it. Learning style is another effective factor in learning that like other abilities achieve through experience, In this regard, this study has been done with the aim of determining learning styles of operating room and nursing students different lessons in Shahrekord University of medical sciences in 2013.Methods: In this descriptive –cross sectional study, all the operating room and nursing students of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences were selected through census method and evaluated (N = 200). Kolb's Learning Style Questionnaire was used to collect data. At the end of the data through SPSS and descriptive statistical tests such as frequency were analyzed.Results: Of 200 students participated in this study, 77% were female and 23% were male. Preferred learning style among all the students participating in this study was accommodator (56.5%), diverger (37.5%), converter (5.5%), and assimilator (5.0%).Conclusion: Given that the dominant learning styles of students was accommodator style, It is necessary, University lecturers focus more attention to the learning style of students, and using various teaching strategies Strengthen and enhance the capabilities necessary for this group of learners in an educational setting and working places.

Introduction: Nowadays Faculty of Dentistries around the world are faced major challenges of service delivery to achieve adequate training for dental graduates. This study aimed to determine the quality of educational services from viewpoints of Dentistry students in Guilan University of medical sciences.Methods: In this analytic cross sectional study, 105 students from dentistry faculty of Guilan University of Medical Sciences were selected by census sampling and were investigated by a two part standard SERVQUAL questionnaire including demographic factors and questions in five dimensions (assurance, responsiveness, confidence, empathy, tangibles).Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics tests with SPSS.Results: The findings showed the average age of students was 22.28±2.6. Most of them (52%) were female. that between students' perceptions and expectations about quality of educational services in every five dimensions had gap, as highest level was responsibility and assurance domain (-0.910,-0.820) and the lowest was tangibles (-0.760).Conclusion: students’ expectation about quality of education was beyond their understanding of current situation and in this regards. Lack of attention to the needs of the student task-training program has important role in reducing students satisfaction. Therefore, Dissemination of students ideas can be a source of information for management decision-making to improve the quality of education.

The main issues in any society are Teaching and Learning and main elements of this story are the teacher and the learner. There are different Psychology schools in which any of them in turn, have taken many extensive researches about behavior, and facts and theories of learning have been studied from a particular perspective. Rationalism asserts that the human intellect has the highest energy and talent; it can help to understand abstract ideas. Empiricist stated that the experience can be read around the world. Pragmatism applied idea to action. Learning from the perspective of constructivism is a change on cognitive construction or mind subjective process. In Gestalt learning, learning occurs on acquiring insight. In Gestalt there are learning regulations such as similarity. Verbal learning theory of Azoble being relationship between prior learning and new learning. Lead to meaningful learning. Based on experiential learning theory learning occur at concrete experience methods, abstract conceptualization, reflective observation and active experimentation. the perspective of learning theory,learners Predominantly oriented on characteristics of various styles of Accommodator, Diverger, Converger and Assimilator. Learning is based on social cognitive learning through observation. This is behavioral theory which emphasized both reinforcement and punishment and cognitive processes. The goal of this study is recognition of educational schools and different manners for education and learning that based on teachers choose and apply suitable educational manners for educational problems.