Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry
Year:2016 | Volume:3 | Issue:3 |Papers Count:8

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral disorder in childhood. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ADHD among elementary school student in the Kamyaran.Methods: The study was a cross – sectional and the sample size was 384. The method sampling was stratified random. Child Symptom Inventory were used to collect information. Data was analyzed by SPSS16 software and T-test and Chi-square test.Results: The overall prevalence of ADHD among students was (6.7%), HD was 9.8% and AD was 8.3%. There was a significant relationship between Gender, Grade, and Education level of Father and Mother with ADHD, AD and HD (P<0.05). There was not significant relationship between the Father's jobs, Mother's job, Birth rank and History of addiction in the family with ADHD, AD and HD (P>0.05).Conclusion: The rate of disorder in this study was moderate. Given the importance of students mental health as the Building future of the country is necessary to more precise identification, early detection, Treatment and providing consulting services among the students.

Introduction: This study examined the effectiveness of training mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in reducing social anxiety disorder among first high school female students in Gomishan city.Method: the research included a quasi-experimental method with the pretest-posttest design and the control group. The study population consisted of all students in the academic year 2015-16 in Gomishan city. First, using a convenience sampling method, two schools were selected among the schools of the area. Next, the lessons were selected, and then, of all students, 40 with high social anxiety scores (one standard deviation above the mean) were selected and were randomly assigned to the experimental group (20 people) and the control group (20 people). Participants in the experimental group, they were treated for 8 sessions with the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program. The social anxiety scale was used to collect data and the data obtained were calculated through one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).Results: The results approved the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on reducing social anxiety disorder scores and its components (fear, avoidance, and physiology) in the pilot group.Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, the mindfulness-based cognitive training is recommended to reduce the symptoms of social anxiety disorder in students with high social anxiety scores.

Introduction: Prospective memory is an important precursor of independent living for adolescents and it is dependent on other executive functions.Purpose: To this end, this study aims to investigate the role of executive functions (working memory and inhibition) in predicting the event- based and time-based prospective memory of the adolescents.Methods: This study was conducted in the form of a correlation pattern. The study population consists of high school students in Azarshahr city in the academic year 2014-2015. In this study, 150 students (male=67 and female=83) with a mean age of 16.5 year were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Prospective memory testing, working memory and continuous performance testing was used in order to collect data. Then, data were analyzed by Pearson correlations and multi-variable regression.Results: The results showed that the executive functions (working memory and inhibition) with a correlation coefficient of about 0.52 could define 0.27 percentage changes of event-based prospective memory and with a correlation coefficient 0.37 could only define 0.13 percentage changes related to time-based prospective memory. Meanwhile, only working memory and standard deviation of reaction time of visual continuous performance testing could predict event-based prospective memory positively. Furthermore, only working memory could predict time-based prospective memory.Conclusion: As a result, we can say that working memory operates as an underlying mechanism in the improvement of prospective memory.

Introduction: The present study aims to compare metacognition beliefs and emotional regulation and Smoking among adolescents ordinary in Sanandaj.Method: The research method in terms of purpose is comparative and in terms of implementation method is descriptive comparative. The study population consists of all adolescent girls and boys in Sanandaj in the second half of 1394 normal adolescents and 100 cigarettes (each n=50) were selected through purposive sampling method. The Standard data collection tools in this research are emotion regulation questionnaire Gross and John (2003) and metacognitive beliefs Wells (1997).Results: Statistical data analysis using logistic analysis was used. The results show no significant difference between emotion regulation and cognitive beliefs in normal adolescents and smokers (P<0.05). The test also shows significant differences in measures of emotion regulation scale of repression in normal adolescents and smokers (P<0.05). Also positive worry beliefs, negative metacognition, lower cognitive functioning, negative metacognition about thoughts and self-awareness in normal young adults and smokers were significantly different (P<0.05).Conclution: From the results, it could be deduced that modifying the metacognitive beliefs and teaching young people self-regulation strategies can substantially reduce smoking by reducing the negative emotions and can have a significant impact.

Aim: The aim of this study was the determine the effect of group cognitive training on reducing depression, anxiety and perceived stress in Hamadan’s Farhangian University students.Method: The design of current study was quasi-experimental study (pretest - posttest with control group). The population of this study was all Hamadan’s Farhangian University students. The method of sampling was multistage cluster sampling. In this study, first, an University was randomly selected from two Farhangian Universities and a discipline was randomly selected in this unit, which included 300 students. Using Morgan table 169 students were randomly selected then depression, anxiety and stress Scale (DASS) was conducted on them.85 students were suffering from depression, anxiety and perceived stress which were randomly selected 30 people among them and were divided into two 15-member groups including the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group received 12 sessions of group cognitive training.Findings: Analysis of covariance ' results showed that after adjusting pretest scores between the means of two groups’ scores in post-test (P<0.01, F (3, 23) =208.321), there was a significant difference.Conclusion: The results showed that cognitive training group on depression, anxiety and perceived stress was effective students.

Introduction& objective: ADHD is one of the most common psychiatric disorders between children in school. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neuro feedback on reducing dyslexia and dictation disorder with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods: This research includes pre-test and post-test with a group of five students having hyperactive and attention deficit disorder at the third grade primary school has been performed. The research tools, were included 27 short items from of Corner's parent' s questionnaire, reading and dictation test. Data analysis was performed in two statistical levels of descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential (paired t-test), using SPSS software version of 20 and EEG data imported to neuro guide software for analysis of wave differences.Results: According to the significant level of paired t test (P<0.003), which is reduced 0.05. So we claimed that neurotheraphy was effective on children's reading disorder who has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Considering the significant level of paired t test (P<0.005), which is lower than 0.05, we claimed after performing neurotraphy the difference level among variable intelligence children with hyperactive/attention deficit disorder in pretest and post-test has increased. Paired test for dictation (p=0.001) is lower than 0.05 then we can say after performing neurotraphy the capability of dictation of students significantly has improved.Conclusion: With respect to the results, of our research, neurotheraphy will increase intelligence and mental capabilities and reduces difficulties for reading and dictation for students with hyperactive/attention deficit disorder is useful and suitable.

Introduction: Many studies evaluated Addiction and Substance abuse treatment programs. But few studies have investigated problem solving strategies and cognitive emotion regulation in addicted patients.Purpose: The aims of this study were to compare the cognitive emotion regulation and Problem-Solving Strategies in patients with substance abuse and normal individuals.Method: This was a causal-comparative (ex post facto) research that evaluated using cognitive emotion regulation and Problem-Solving Strategies questionnaires. Patients (n=30) and normal subjects (n=30) selected with available sampling method. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test and descriptive indicators.Results: These results showed that drug-dependent individuals had poorer cognitive emotion regulation and Problem solving strategies than normal subjects.Conclusions: Substance abuse individuals have shown deficits in cognitive emotion regulation and efficient Problem-Solving Strategies while this deficits have not seen in group normal individuals that may provide valuable additional tools for preventative and clinical treatment of substance abuse patients.

Introduction: One of the most common digestive disease, irritable bowel syndrome. The severity of this disease associated with psychological variables.Purpose: This study aimed to compare resilience in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and normal individuals in Sanandaj city.Method: Design of this study was case-control. The samples of this study were100 respondents (50 cases with irritable bowel syndrome who referred to internal experts as case and 50 healthy respondents as control group). Also, the sampling method of this study was convenience sampling method. The instruments of the study was Kanr- Davidson Resilience Scale were evaluated.Results: Analysis of data using independent T test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of resiliency.Conclusion: As a result of the more powerful person in resiliency, coping with problems and life stress have been less exposed to mental and emotional disturbances and physical and psychological health benefit is higher.