This study consist of two partsIn the first part, a comparison was made between the laws related to the patient's rights in I.R of Iran and the Bill of patient's rights as based upon the AHA (American Hospital Association), the ACLU (American ~ivil Liberties Union) and the NLN (National league for Nursing), Which has been recognized by a large number of countries and whose laws have been approved.During the study, the researcher came to the conclusion that in Iranian laws, a comprehensive collection named" collection of patients, rights" does not exit, but in various parts of the laws and regulations issued by the ministry of Health, Therapy, and Medical Education, refuse of treatment, consent. Counseling, cases of emergency and invoices about costs for therapeutic services; many laws deal with emergency cases and emphasize the patient's right of prompt treatment. As far as, the keeping of secrets is concerned, the laws also clearly point to patient's right, but it seems that they suffer from lack of the necessary details. Laws which were issued about consent do not include a uniform en consent.Concerning the rights of refusing treatment, counseling Respectful care, and invoices about costs for treatment services, clear laws pointing exactly to the patient's rights were not found. however, laws related to these aspects were passed which seem to lack the necessary details. Concerning other rights, which provided for the patients in the" Bill of Rights" the researcher did not encounter and special laws in the collection of rights and regulations of the ministry of Health, and Medical Education. These comprise the right to select the method of treatment, the right to be informed about the purposes and complications of newly tested therapies, the right to be informed about the purpose and reason for being transferred to another Medical center, the right to know the contents of one's own medical record, the right to know the name of the treating physician and the field in which he is specialized, the right to know whether the medical center is a teaching hospital, the right to know the names and specialties of all those involved in patient care, the right of those patients who are not familiar with the local language to make use to a translator, the right of the patient to know the date of his discharge from hospital and to be instructed about the treatment he has to undergo after his discharge. In summary, it seems that in Iranian Laws, "a collection of the patient's legal rights" is missing.In the second part of study, an opinion poll was held among physicians at the university of Medical Science and Health Services in Fars Province (Shiraz) about the patient's rights, during which a questionnaire containing 35 questions was distributed to a randomly group of 67 persons including 40 specialists and 27 general physicians. The opinion poll indicated the conclusion that with the exceptions of the patient's right to read his own medical record, the right to choose the method of treatment from among existing methods and the necessity for the medical center to use a translator in order to establish and effective relationship with those patients who are not familiar with the local language, all other rights of the patient must be confirmed by the treating physician. In addition, the participants in the opinion poll emphasized the necessity to pass a collection of patient's rights in Iran.