Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Year:2019 | Volume:27 | Issue:3|Papers Count:20

Introduction: Immune Protein A is a component with a vast spectrum of biochemical, biological and medical usages. The coding gene of this protein was extracted from Staphylococcus aureus and was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli bacteria. Suitable statistical methods are utilized to optimize expression conditions for evaluating experiment accuracy, guarantee the accuracy of subsequent experiments, reduce cost, prevent trial and error method, and obtain the highest production level. Materials & Methods: Normal statistical regression method is based on the assumption of accuracy of variables and their observations, and finally the relationship among the variables are precisely specified. In normal modeling, such as estimation of protein level inaccurate observations and vague relationships may be encountered; therefore, utilization of regression methods capable of explaining the vague structure of protein level and providing the models attunes to reality is necessary. In this article, hybrid fuzzy regression method with the least square, based on fuzzy-set theory was utilized. Findings: According to the results, Protein A production level was estimated at 90 % level. On the other hand, since the method utilized in this article was hybrid fuzzy linear regression method with the least square errors, we can conclude that if all the data utilized in this article are crisp numbers, the hybrid fuzzy regression will produce results similar to normal regression. Discussion & Conclusions: One of the advantages of hybrid fuzzy regression is higher level of certainty than point estimation. In this study, the standard deviation of estimated data by fuzzy hybrid regression method was lower than conventional regression method. Therefore, it can be concluded that fuzzy hybrid regression method is an optimal method for estimating the production of this type of protein.

Introduction: Nowadays, different solvents are used to extract plant antioxidants. Each solvent has a special ability to extract antioxidants materials. Accordingly, in this research, some medicinal herbs were collected from different vegetation zones of Iran and evaluated based on the majority of useful solvents. The best solvent for the extraction of antioxidants can be identified and used to determine the best herbal medicine. Materials & Methods: In order to investigate the type of solvent extraction on the amount of antioxidant material of some indigenous medicinal plants of different regions of Iran such as Mentha asiatica, Ziziphora persica, Otostegia persica, Crocus sativus, Achillea millefolium, Mentha longifolia, Hyssopus officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Fumaria officinalis and Teucrium polium, were done the experiment in The factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications. DPPH was used to measure antioxidant activity. Findings: Results showed that the extract (hydro, hydroalcoholic, acetone and methanolic) and the interaction of extract and plant on antioxidant properties had a different effect on phenol and flavonoid content (P<0. 05). The highest flavonoids in the aqueous extract (87. 6 mg/gDW), hydroalcoholic (147. 48 mg/gDW), methanolic (277. 48 mg/gDW) and acetone (171. 98 mg/gDW) and also, the highest amount of phenol in aqueous extracts (15. 33 mg / gDW), hydroalcoholic (20. 18 mg/gDW), methanolic (51. 47 mg/gDW) and acetone (31. 59 mg/gDW) were found the Achillea millefolium from Ilam. The highest antioxidant activity based on DPPH test in aqueous extract (8. 29% at a concentration of 16 μ g/ml) belonged to the Achillea millefolium from Ilam, In hydroalcoholic extract (34. 49% at a concentration of 64 μ g/ml) was belonged to Mentha asiatica in Kashmar and then Achillea millefolium in Ilam, In the extract of Estonia (62. 009% at a concentration of 64 μ g/ml) was belonged to Mentha asiatica of Kashmar and then Teucrium polium of Kashmar and Achillea millefolium of Ilam, Finally, in the methanolic extract (95. 633% at a concentration of 16 μ g/ml), was belonged to the Achillea millefolium of Ilam. Ethics code: 96010013 Discussion &Conclusions: In general, the results of this study showed that the most important solvent for the extraction of phenolic substances and the evaluation of oxidative properties was a methanol solution and the most effective plant with more substances and antioxidant activities were Achillea millefolium from Ilam region.

Introduction: Suicide is an important public health challenge. It is estimated that 2 percent of general population seriously contemplate killing themselves during their lifetime. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its related issues in a sample taken from the general population of Shiraz in 2017. Materials & Methods: This project was a cross-sectional analytic study carried out on 2400 people of Shiraz. Participants were selected by randomized cluster sampling according to municipal divisions of Shiraz. The main tool of the research was Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale (BSIS) questionnaire and a demographic form. In addition to the descriptive statistics, Chisquare and independent t-test, as well as regression analysis were used. Findings: According to the results, 88. 8% of participants had low-risk, 9% had moderate risk, and 2. 2% had high risk for suicidal ideation. Mean suicidal ideation score of participants was 2. 13± 6. 30. According to the regression analysis, suicidal ideation was associated with female gender, young age group, single marital status, unemployment, history of suicidal attempt, chronic disease, mental disorder, and drug and alcohol abuse (P<0. 01). Ethics code: IR. sums. med. rec. 1395. s194 Discussion & Conclusions: This study revealed that the strongest predictor of suicidal ideation in society was the history of suicidal dattempts, divorce, and drug and alcohol abuse. It is recommended that people with the history of suicidal attempts be monitored and assessed regularly concerning their levels of suicidal thoughts.

Introduction: Supply chain management in healthcare sector is of utmost importance due to its effect on individuals’ health status compared to other industries. In the current world economic situation wherein logical thinking should be based on lifetime costs of products, as well as supply chain sources and processes, it is essential to have an agile supply chain to have a socioenvironmental performance creating competitive advantage. Materials & Methods: This study was a survey with a correlational design considering its methodology and purpose. The statistical population of this study included the staff of public hospitals in Ilam province, Iran; of which, 340 individuals were selected as the participants based on Krejcie and Morgan’ s sample size determination table. Moreover, the SPSS Statistics Software and LISREL Software were used to analyze the data in this study. Findings: The statistic of the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) index was equal to 0. 844 implying sampling adequacy. Moreover, all the factors affecting supply chain agility had a normal distribution and the test statistic was larger than 1. 96 for all the factors, suggesting their relationship with supply chain agility. The positive correlation between supply chain agility and competitive advantage was further confirmed based on the research findings. Additionally, the value of the goodness of fit index (GFI=0. 96) showed the fit of the model and the test statistic of the model (T=9. 60) revealed the significant impact of supply chain agility on creating the competitive advantage. Discussion & Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrated that the seven dimensions of computer-based technologies, flexibility, relationships with suppliers, use of modern technologies, collaborative partnerships, sensitivity to market, and responsiveness of demands had effects on supply chain agility in hospitals. Moreover, public hospitals in Ilam Province were endowed with competitive advantage in three dimensions of durability and permanence, retention, and opportunities; however, they lacked competitive advantage in the dimension of individuals’ unique capabilities.

Introduction: Sperm fertilization depends on different factors, such as sperm count, motility and morphology. Ferollago angulata has many antioxidant compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract Ferollago angulata on some semen indices and serum testosterone level in male rats. Materials & Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 28 Wistar rats which were divided into 4 groups: one control, and three experimental groups treated with different doses of Ferulago angulata extract (i. e., 100, 200 and 400mg/kg). The extract injection was administered intraperitoneally for 21 days. Serum testosterone level, final body weight, testis weight and Sperm parameters including, morphology, Sperm count, high motility and viability were assayed at the end of study. The data were analyzed by one‐ way ANOVA test and P<0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Findings: Our results showed sperm parameters, including morphology, count, motility and viability of male rats increased at 200 and 400 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract of Ferulago angulata (P<0. 001). Testis weight and Serum testosterone level increased at 400 mg/kg of Ferulago angulata extract (P<0. 001). Ethics code: 1393P4692 Discussion & Conclusions: Antioxidant compounds in Ferulago angulata improved the quality of sperm and fertility.

Introduction: The process of hemodialysis imposes a lot of physical and psychological pressures on patients. In this regard, the identification of the factors protecting the patients from these pressures seems essential. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship resilience and posttraumatic growth. Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 219 patients referring to dialysis centers in karaj in 2018-219. They were selectet by Convenient sampeling method, and were asked to answer Connor-Davidson (2003) Resilience Scale (CDRISC) and Tedeschi & Calhoun (1996) Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). The data were analyzed using descriptive indexes, Pearson correlation coefficient and significant correlation coefficient test in SPSS soft ware, version 25. Findings: According to the results, 55/7% of the participants were male, the mean of their age was 43. 84(± 9. 12). The research revealed a positive statistical significant relationship at 0. 01 between resilience and posttraumatic growth(r=0. 523)in such a way that resilience could explain 27% of changes in Posttraumatic Growth. Ethics code: IR. IAU. K. REC. 1397, 3. Discussion & Conclusions: The Findings of present study was indicative of the important role of resilience in achieving posttraumatic growth in patients. It is, therefore, suggested that psychological intervention with the aim of promoting the patients’ resilience be designed and implemented in dialysis centers.

Introduction: Proteus mirabilis is one of the common causes of UTI. Multiple molecular methods are used to genotype bacteria. The polymerase chain reaction method is based on repeated sequences using BOXA1R primers for differentiation of bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of protease mirabilis isolated from urine specimens. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 60 isolates protease mirabilis were identified from urine specimens using biochemical tests. DNA samples were extracted and tested for BOX-PCR. Findings: The tree diagram or dendrogram of BOX-PCR was drawn and the results showed that all strains were segregated into 7 separate clusters at a similarity level of 57%. There were three isolates in the first group, nine in the second group, 18 in the third group, two in the fourth group, 11 in the fifth group, one in the sixth group, and 16 isolates in the seventh group. Dandrogram analysis revealed that the strains belonging to a serovar are subtracted from each other. Ethics code: IR. IAUSB. 1398. 41 Discussion & Conclusions: This method demonstrated that molecular fingerprinting with BOXA1R primers is useful for typing bacterial isolates from different origins. Moreover, it has a really efficient differentiation power, it can be used effectively in epidemiological studies, and trace source of infection and taxonomy.

Introduction: Spinal cord injury is one of the important unresolved problems in the medical society leading to adverse consequences, such as motionlessness and neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain is seen in both forms of hyperalgesia and allodynia. In this study, the effects of low-level laser radiation on hyperalgesia pain have been investigated. Material & Methods: In this experimental study, animals (N=16) were divided into two groups(i. e., spinal cord injury and laser treatment). Aneurysm clip was used to induce spinal cord injury. Half an hour after the induction of spinal cord injury, animals were exposed to laser for 45 seconds every day up to four weeks. At the end of each week, the animals underwent a heat-hyperalgesia test. The results were analyzed in Prism software, version 6. The value of P <0. 05 was considered significant. Findings: Surgery of the induced spinal cord injury reduced threshold of hyperalgesia pain, compared to the control group (P<0. 001). Low-level laser radiation for four weeks increased the pain threshold so that the pain proved equal to the control group and there was a significant difference between treated and spinal cord injured animals (P<0. 001). Ethics code: IR. IUMS. REC 1395. 95-03-30-26896 Discussion & Conclusions: Using a low-level laser as an anti-inflammatory agent in the first line treatment can be useful in controlling injury side effects shortly after a spinal cord injury; moreover, it can reduce the pain and inflammation caused by spinal cord injury.

Introduction: Balance impairment and related injuries are common in elderly and patients with neurologic disorders. Ankle foot orthosies can influence on balance via improvement of movement disorders. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of modified anklefoot orthosis on balance performance in healthy elderly. Materials & Methods: The research was conducted on ten healthy elderly aged above 60. The conventional ankle-foot orthosis and modified ankle-foot orthosis were used in this study (the posterior part of the orthosis in the heel region was removed to provide free movements in the subtalar joint). Balance parameters were measured with a force plate during double limb standing in opened eyes and closed eyes under three different conditions: conventional ankle foot orthosies, modified ankle foot orthosies and barefoot. Also functional balance was assessed using Timed Up and Go test. Ethics code: IR. MUI. REC. 1396. 3. 345. Findings: The results of this study indicated that using modified ankle-foot orthosis did not significantly change standing balance parameters compared to barefoot condition (P>0. 05). However, wearing conventional ankle-foot orthosis resulted in a significant reduction of the center of pressure excursion in the mediolateral direction (16%) compared to the barefoot condition (P=0. 02). Ethics code: IR. MUI. REC. 1396. 3. 345 Discussion & Conclusions: A simple modification in conventional ankle-foot orthosis did not impair standing balance performance of healthy elderly people. Additionally, the modified ankle-foot orthosis improved balance abilities compared to conventional ankle-foot orthosis. These observations could be attributed to the increased sensory feedback and using subtalar movements. It is recommended to study the effects of this modified orthosies on balance in the patients with neurological impairments who have foot and ankle movement disorders.

Introduction: Scutellaria pekinensis is one of the most valuable Medicinal species of the Lamiaceae family. The present study aimed to investigate the antibacterial and the antioxidant effects of Scutellaria pekinensis. Materials & Methods: In this study, after extracting the aqueous and methanol extracts, the antioxidant effect of the extract was measure-using DPPH and FRAP methods. Disk diffusion method was use to investigate the antibacterial effect against three types of bacteria. In addition, the study examined phenolic and flavonoidal. Findings: The results showed that the highest amount of phenol and flavonoid were obtained by methanol extract and shaker extraction method. The highest amount of free radical scavenging (DPPH) and FRAP were related to aqueous extract and shaker extraction method. The highest inhibition zone diameter for Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli in the concentration of 600 mg/ml were 15. 67± 0. 58, and 25. 33± 3. 15 respectively, and for Staphylococcus aureus, the concentration of 900 mg / ml was 26± 2. Ethics code: IR. ausmt. rec. 1398. 06. 6 Discussion & Conclusions: The results showed that the solvent type and extraction method had a great impact on the amount of antioxidant compounds and antibacterial effects. Considering the few studies performed about this plant, the results of this study can be a good report for further research.

Introduction: In addition to Helicobacter pylori, non-Helicobacter pylori helicobacters (NHPHs) have been diagnosed in the humans stomach that caused gastrointestinal diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the coinfection of H. pylori with NHPHs species in patients with gastric disorders in Iran. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 421 gastric biopsies form dyspeptic patients, who did not receive any treatment for H. pylori. The samples were divided into H. pyloriinfected and NHPHs-infected groups, based on the rapid urease test, histological analysis of biopsies, and genotyping. After DNA extraction, genotyping of samples was performed to detect H. pylori and NHPHs with PCR of encoding genes fragments for urease A (ure A), urease B (ure B) and urease AB (ure AB). Findings: The results of the present study revealed that 57 patients (19%) had coinfection H. pylori with one of the NHPHs, 10 patients (3. 3%) has coinfection of H. pylori with NHPHs for H. suis, 22 patients (7. 3%) had coinfection of H. pylori with NHPHs H. salomonis, 17 patients(5. 7%) had coinfection of H. pylori with NHPHs for H. heilmannii (5. 7%), and 8 patients (2. 7%) had Coinfection of H. pylori with NHPHs for H. felis. Ethics code: IR. IAUAMOL. REC. 1396. 034 Discussion& Conclusions: Based on the results of the current study, it can be conclude that difficulties and failures in the treatment of H. pylori is probably due to the coinfection of H. pylori with NHPHs species; however, this conclusion requires further investigations. Additionally, in coinfection H. pylori with NHPHs, H. salomonis was found to be the most prevalent in Iranian patients with gastric disorders.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of linear and nonlinear periodized resistance training on serum levels of creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and creatinine clearance in women with abdominal obesity. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted on 42 women who were randomly assigned into linear periodized (LP) resistance training (N=15, age: 40. 4± 5. 5 year and abdominal circumference: 103. 6 ± 6. 5 cm), nonlinear periodized (NLP) resistance training (N=15, age: 35. 9 ± 5. 9 year, abdominal circumference: 99. 4 ± 5. 8 cm) and control groups (N=12, age: 38. 3 ± 6. 9 year, abdominal circumference: 97. 4 ± 5. 7 cm). The resistance training regimen for each model consisted of a 12-week, 3-day-per-week program, which was performed with different periodization (LP and NLP). Before and after 12 weeks of training, blood sample was taken in fasting state to measure the serum creatinine level of the subjects. The GFR and creatinine clearance were estimated by using bio-impedance in these phases. Findings: The results indicated that creatinine clearance increased significantly in LP (P = 0. 048) and NLP (P = 0. 11) groups, compared to the control group. In comparison to control group, NLP increased significantly (P = 0. 013) in GFR; nontheles, this increase was not significant with LP (P= 0. 089). Discussion & Conclusions: Both model of periodized resistance training had similar effects in the reduction of blood creatinine concentration, while NLP seemed to have more beneficial effects on GFR in women with abdominal obesity.

Introduction: Mouth and tongue are prone to various changes resulting from inflammatory reactions, due to their contact with various factors, . This study aimed to determine the prevalence of helicobacter pylori infections and its relationship with coated tongue in the patients referring for urease breath test. Materials & Methods: A descriptive crosssectional study was carried out on 606 patients including 70 men (i. e., 34. 7%) and 132 women (i. e., 65. 3%) referring to Liver and Digestive research center of Sanandaj Tohid Hospital during the last season of 2015 and the first season of 2016 for urea breath test. The participants were selected through randomized systematic method (i. e., one out of three individuals). In this regard, 202 patients meeting the inclusion criteria and expressing their consent were evaluated. The data were analyzed in SPSS software so that the questions were examined using descriptive statistics and the hypotheses were analyzed using chisquare and logistic regression test. Findings: The result indicated that men and women constituted 70 (i. e., 34. 7%) and 132 (i. e., 65. 3%) of the sample group. The average age of the patients was 30. 77 and the standard deviation was 17. 40, ranging from 7 to 75 years old. In addition, it was revealed that 41. 1% of the patients with coated tongue had Helicobacter pylori infection, whereas this value was 22. 7% in the participants with non-coated tongue. The findings showed that there was a significant relationship between coated tongue and Helicobacter infection (P=0. 025). Meanwhile, logistic regression test confirmed the coated tongue as a prognostic(P=0. 015). Ethics code: IR. MUK. REC. 1394. 176 Discussion & Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, there was a higher risk of Helicobacter pylori infection in women with coated tongue who were older than 30. However, more research is recommended for more reliable results.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome has a high prevalence and and it is accompanied by a collection of clinical symtom, such as obesity, hypertension, increased fasting blood sugar and triglyceride (TG), and HDL reduction, along with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Recent studies have considered the reduction of antioxidant capacity as one of the important causes of the complications of this syndrome. Regarding the strong antioxidant effects of eugenol, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of eugenol on dyslipidemia induced by metabolic syndrome and serum antioxidant status in male rats. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted on 24 rats which were randomly assigned into groups 1-Tap water recipient, 2-Water-rich fructose with 20% tween, 3-Fructose 10% and 4-Fructose 10% with eugenol mg / Kg 20 ip for eight weeks. At the end of experiment, blood samples were taken to measure the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity of plasma (TAC). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. The levels cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, MDA andTAC were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey test. Findings: It was revealed that adding fructose to drinking water led to significant increase in animal weight, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, LDL and SGOT, and serum HDL levels (P <0. 05). Eugenol decreased serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, MDA and increased serum SGOT, TAC and HDL levels (P <0. 05). Serum SGPT levels did not show significant differences among the groups. Ethics code: IR. ZAUMS. REC. 1397. 359 Discussion & Conclusions: Eugenol improves metabolic syndrome markers and also increases the antioxidant activity of the plasma.

Introduction: Traditional medicines cannot adequately reach the target tissues, due to their large size; therefore, the attention of researchers has been drawn to the use of nanomedicines. In fact, the use of biological active compounds loaded on the surface of nanoparticles can be effective the in the promotion of their antimicrobial activity. In the earlier studies, it was demonstrated that biologically synthesized Phycocyanin Zinc Oxide nanoparticles were able to prevent the biofilm formation and growth deriving from some native clinical medicineresistant isolates. Materials & Methods: In the current research the effect of these nanoparticles on the growth and biofilm formation of three standard strains of pathogenic bacteria has been carefully studied. The bacterial growth kinetic, exopolysaccharides and biofilm formation in the presence of nanoparticles were examined under the microscope. Findings: Treatment of tested strains at 2750 μ g/ml concentration of nanoparticles prevented the growth of all strains and bacterial growth decreased over time by the increase in the concentration of nanoparticles. Furthermore, microscopic analyses showed that the formation of biofilms in the presence of nanoparticles significantly reduced, compared to the control samples. Ethics code: IR. MUI. REC. 1396. 3. 345 Discussion & Conclusions: The results showed that the biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles not only have the ability to inhibit the development of biofilms of tested strains but also they can reduce the pathogenicity of these strains by influencing their growth.

Introduction: Aspartame is the most famous and widely used artificial sweetener which is extensively used in food stuffs. Many controversial reports are presented on the toxisity of aspartame on different body tissues; nonetheles, little data is available about the the side effects of Aspartame on the reproductive system. The present study was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of aspartame on sperm quality and oxidant parameters in mice. Materials & Methods: This study wsa carried out on 36 adult male NMRI which were randomly assigned into four groups of nine mice. The three experimental groups received Aspartam with the doses of 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg, by oral gavage for 90 days. The control group was considered as well. The blood samples were collected from the heart 24 hours after the last treatment and sperm quality parameters including, count, motility, viability, chromatin condensation, abnormality, and DNA damage were evaluated. Findings: The results indicated a significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and testosterone, as well as a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) in 80 and 160 mg/kg groups, compared to the control group (P<0. 01). Aspartame reception decreased the number, motility, viability and maturation of the sperms (P<0. 001) and increased abnormality and DNA damage to sperm in 80 and 160 mg/kg groups, compared to the control group (P<0. 001). Ethics code: 7506025. 6. 24 Discussion & Conclusions: The findings of the present study revealed that aspartame consumption could lead to decreased sperm quality and negative changes in oxidant parameters.

Introduction: The use of nanotechnology in drug delivery to the cells can somewhat address some of the problems involved in the delivery of herbal medicines, including non-targeting and high oxidizing features. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the niosomal nano-carriers containing Rosmarinus officinalisessential oil to improve itsphysicochemical characteristics and increase its antitumor properties. Materials & Methods: The vesicles of niosome were preparedby thin-film method using span 60, cholesterol and polyethylene glycol and the Rosmarinus officinalisessential oil were loaded into the niosomes. Thereafter, theirphysicochemical characteristics were evaluated using Zeta Sizer, FTIR, SEM, and the essential oil release amount was calculated at 37° C and 42° C. Finally, MTT assay was performed to assess the toxicity of the nano-carrier containingessential oil against the KG-1 cell line of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Findings: The results of the present study indicated thatprepared nano-carriers containing essential oil have encapsulation efficiency, size and zeta potential include 86. 75, 73. 6 nm and-45. 46 mV, respectively. SEM images have indicated the spherical morphology of nanoniosomes. Furthermore, the results showed the appropriate position of the essential oil in the nano-carriers and controlled release at 37oC and 42oC. Additionally, MTT assay results demonstrate that the encapsulated essential oil has a higher toxicity against KG-1 cell line than the free essential oil. Discussion & Conclusions: The results of this study, while confirming the method used for niosomesynthesizing, the use of niosome as an effective carrier for essential oil encapsulation, andits slow-releasing feature, suggests that this nanosystem can increase its stability without altering the chemical nature of the essential oil. Accordingly, it can be suitable for the delivery of rosemary essential oils to KG-1 cells the and the exertion of its effects on the cells.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is a common clinical anomaly, with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. Increased inflammatory mediators, such as reactive protein, as well as the inflammatory cytokines can be associated with the incidence and progression of metaboli syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Materials & Methods: This study was performed on 35 male and female patients with an average age of 55 years, type 2 diabetes mellitus with metabolic syndrome and 35 healthy subjects as control group. Separated serum samples were kept at-20 ° C for quantitative evaluation of serum IL-18 by ELISA kit and C-reactive protein. RNA extraction from cells was performed by JenaBioscience kit and finally Gene expression assay was performed quantitatively using Real Time RTPCR. Findings: The mean serum levels of IL-18 were significantly increased (P=0. 008), and serum reactive protein (P<0. 001) was significantly increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with metabolic syndrome compared with healthy subjects. Also, expression of IL-18 gene (P=0. 003) in lymphocyte cells of type II diabetes patients with metabolic syndrome was significantly higher than healthy subjects. Discussion & Conclusions: The present study showed that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with metabolic syndrome have high levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-18 in their serum. it can be concluded that serum levels of IL-18, Creactive protein and IL-18 expression play an important role in inflammatory response and progression. Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Introduction: The imbalance of the microbial ecosystem causes biological changes associated with colorectal cancer and cell proliferation and their planned death, as well as the immune responses. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of probiotic bacteria on the expression of genes associated with growth, metastasis and apoptosis in cancer cells of the HT29 colon. Materials & Methods: During this study, probiotic Acetobacter were cultured and treated with HT29 cancer cells after preparation of media. The MTTassay method was investigated. DNA extraction from the treated cells was performed and the DNA Ladder assay test was performed. After extraction of RNA and preparation of cDNA, the expression of genes related to growth (AKT1 and PTEN) and apoptosis pathway gene (BAX) was measured by Real-timePCR. Findings: The results of the MTT assay showed that the Acetobacter bacteria inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells and induced apoptosis in these cells. The DNA ladder assay results from treatment of HT29 cells with these bacteria showed qualitative changes in cell apoptosis. In addition, the results of Real-time PCR indicated that the bacterial strains increased the expression of BAX (PTEN) genes in the cancer cells of the HT29 colon. Discussion & Conclusions: Acetobacter stimulates cellular apoptosis signaling pathway in cancer cells of the HT29 colon and it can be used as an adjuvant therapy in colon cancer treatment or in new treatment strategies.

Introduction: An organization is a network of departments and individuals that improves the performance of the organization through establishing synergy in the meaningful and purposeful communication between departments and individuals. Therefore, effective organizational communication is required to achieve organizational goals. In order to enhance organizational communication in Ilam University of Medical Sciences, the current article investigated the influential factors affecting this communication. Materials & Methods: This descriptive correlational study utilized a researchermade questionnaire for data collection. The study population included 170 participants selected out of 476 statistical populations (all the staff of Ilam University of Medical Sciences) using simple random sampling. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 20) using multiple regression and path analysis. Findings: Based on the results, organizational factor was found to exert a more profound effect on organizational communication in this university with a coefficient of. 639, as compared to human factor with a coefficient of 0. 258; in other words, the organizational factor is more effective in the enhancement of organizational communication. Discussion & Conclusions: According to the results of this study, Ilam University of Medical Sciences should be looking for an appropriate model of organizational communication and according to its position, design a desirable model in which organizational factors affecting organizational communication should pay more attention.