IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING (IJPN)
Year:2021 | Volume:9 | Issue:1|Papers Count:10

Introduction: Marital infidelity is a problem that severely affects people's lives and is one of the main causes of divorce. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Schema Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on communication and problem solving skills and mental health in couples with marital infidelity. Methods: The present study is an experimental one with pre-test and post-test design. Among couples facing marital infidelity in Qain in 1997, 30 individuals were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups of 15 each. One experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes with schema therapy and one group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes with cognitive behavioral therapy. The groups completed the Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and communication skills and problem solving questionnaire as pre-test and post-test. One-way and multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: The mean score of mental health in the pre-test was 146/04 and the post-test was 03/109 in the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Experimental group, and in the Schema Therapy Experimental group was 133. 07 and in the Post-test it was 63. 01(p<0. 01). and this difference in the control group in pre-test 65 and in post-test 152. 30 which had no significant difference. The mean score of communication skills in the pre-test and post-test was 1. 4000 and in the cognitive behavioral therapy test group was 4. 4000 and in the Schema therapy group was 1. 2000 and in the post test it was 4. 7000 and the difference was significant (p<0. 01)and this rate in the control group in pre-test9. 000 and post-test 8. 7500 which were not significantly different. Mean score of problem solving in pre-test and post-test 0. 8000 and 5. 5000 in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and experimental groups respectively. Schema therapy in pre-test and post-test were 1. 95000 and 5. 8700 and the difference was significant (p<0. 01). There were no significant differences in pre-test and 8. 4400 and post-test 8. 9500. Conclusions: The results support the effect of two methods of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy on increasing mental health and communication and problem-solving skills.

Introduction: In addition to harming yourself and others, aggression can pose serious risks to the school and home environment, and the use of emotion regulation strategies can play an important role. Having a person with unfavorable conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was the effective of yoga therapy on emotional regulation and aggression of elementary school children in Shahrebabak. Methods: The present study is quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all primary school children referring to the specialized yoga centers of Shahrebabak city. A total of 60 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The tools used included emotion regulation (ERQ) and aggression questionnaires and were administered to both groups. Yoga exercise sessions lasted for 8 sessions, 60 minutes (1 session per week) for children. After the intervention, both groups completed the above questionnaires as a posttest. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. Results: The findings showed that between the scores of cognitive regulation components of cognitive reassessment in the pre-test (15. 03± 2. 88) and post-test (21. 50± 4. 28) and suppression in Pre-test (18. 63± 3. 72) and post-test (13. 76± 4. 43) (P <0. 01) showed a significant difference. Also, aggression scores were observed in the pre-test (54. 06± 7. 34) and post-test (37. 40± 6. 78) (P <0. 01) in the experimental group after the intervention. This difference was not observed in the control group. Conclusions: It seems that yoga can improve emotional regulation and reduce aggression in primary school children (7 to 11 years old), it is recommended that psychotherapists, along with other therapeutic interventions, use these exercises in children to regulate emotion and reduce aggression.

Introduction: Drug adherence plays an important role in reducing readmission of patients with mental disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of family-based empowerment education with telephone follow-up on drug adherence and readmission of patients with mental disorders. Methods: This interventional study was performed on 66 patients with mental disorders and one of their family members. The study units were selected by available sampling method and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Data collection tools were demographic information form and Madanloo drug adherence questionnaire. The intervention consisted of 8 training sessions based on the family-centered empowerment model with 3 months of telephone follow-up. Drug adherence and number of readmissions were measured before and after the intervention. Independent t-test, Chi-square, Wilcoxon and SPSS software version 22 were used for statistical analysis. Results: The two study groups were matched in terms of variables affecting the results. 3 months after the intervention, the results showed that drug adherence increased in the intervention group and independent t-test showed a significant difference (P <0. 0001). In terms of the number of readmissions, the results showed that the number of readmissions decreased in the intervention group and Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference (P <0. 0001). Conclusions: Empowerment through education enables the family to play a more effective role in managing the disease of its affected member. Using telephone follow-up after the educational intervention will help a lot in its effectiveness and continuity.

Introduction: Among the consequences of social anxiety, disorder is psychological dysfunction, avoidance of social interactions and the development of avoidant personality in adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of group psychotherapy based on acceptance and commitment on loneliness and social adjustment in girls with social anxiety disorder. Methods: The design of the present study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control and follow-up group and its the statistical population included all girls with a social anxiety disorder who referred to counseling centers and psychological services in Tehran between the academic years 2018-2019. The research sample also included 30 of these individuals who were purposefully selected and replaced by random allocation in two groups of 15 experimental and control. In order to collect data, the Loneliness Scale (1980) and the Bell Social Adjustment Questionnaire (1961) was used, and in order to provide the intervention, Hayes and Rose's (2008) psychotherapy package based on acceptance and commitment was used in 8 sessions 90 minutes. Data were analyzed using repeatedmeasures analysis of variance and SPSS V. 21 software. Results: Data analysis showed that following the intervention in the experimental group, there was a significant difference in the scores of the variable feeling of loneliness in the post-test (43. 60) and follow-up (45. 51) compared to the pre-test (57. 67) and the social adjustment variable. In the post-test (14. 33) and follow-up (13. 47) stages compared to the pre-test (18. 40), group psychotherapy based on acceptance and commitment had significant positive effects on loneliness (F = 47. 65, P <0. 001) and social adjustment (F = 24. 93, P <0. 001) left the experimental group, which remained in the follow-up stages. Conclusions: Considering the effect of psychotherapy based on acceptance and commitment in reducing loneliness and improving social adjustment in people with social anxiety disorder, it is recommended that this treatment method be used to reduce the suffering of loneliness in this group of people.

Introduction: Nurses experience high levels of fatigue that has significantly impaired their functioning. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the predictors of improving the quality of work life of nurses. Therefore, this study was conducted to present a model of quality of work life based on job stress and self-efficacy mediated by fatigue in married nurses of Ahvaz hospitals. Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population consisted of all married nurses in Ahvaz hospitals in 2020. 202 people were selected as the sample by available sampling method. Research data were collected simultaneously with the corona epidemic in May and June in Ahvaz hospitals through "Demographic Questionnaire", "Quality of Work Life Questionnaire ", "Job Stress Questionnaire", "Self-Efficacy Questionnaire" and "Fatigue Scale". Content validity was performed by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and AMOS version 23. Results: All direct paths except the path of job stress became significant to the quality of work life. Indirect routes were also significant through quality of work life fatigue (P <0. 01). Conclusions: The proposed model has a good fit and is an important step in recognizing the factors affecting the quality of work life of nurses. It is recommended to take positive steps to increase the quality of nurses' working life by planning and implementing educational interventions in the field of job stress, self-efficacy and fatigue.

Introduction: Elderly people use various strategies called coping strategies to deal with the stresses of old age, such as facing the challenge of health-disease process and finding a better quality of life and well-being, and determining its predictors is very important in geriatric nursing. The aim of this study was to predict coping strategies based on spiritual health and resilience in the elderly in Tehran. Methods: The present study was a descriptive correlational study that the research community consisted of the elderly referring to the parks of Tehran in the first half of 2020. According to the statistical formula, 100 eligible elderlies were included in the study through available sampling. To collect data, demographic information form and questionnaires of spiritual health of Iranian elderly, resilience and coping strategies were used. The researcher entered the study daily by referring to the parks intended for the elderly and completed the questionnaires through interviews. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: The mean age of the samples was 69. 90 ± 6. 61 years. 61% of them were men, 80% were married, and 42% were retired. The level of spiritual health of the elderly (72. 64 ± 3. 61) was high; resilience (48. 96 ± 8. 32) was moderate to low. The score of problem-oriented strategy was 61. 22 ± 3. 33, emotion-oriented strategy was 54. 61 ± 4. 17 and avoidance strategy was 59. 31 ± 5. 15, and problem-oriented strategy was predominant in the elderly The relationship between spiritual health and resilience was significant and direct with all coping strategies and The components of spiritual health and resilience explained %32 and %2. 5 of the variance of problem-oriented coping strategy, %38. 4 and% 6. 6 of emotion-centered coping strategies and %45. 5 and %16. 5 of avoidance coping strategies in the elderly, respectively. Conclusions: Given the importance of using coping strategies in the elderly and the relationship between spiritual health and resilience, promoting their spiritual health and resilience can be one of the effective suggestions to promote the use of coping strategies in them.

Introduction: Virtual social networks like others type of addiction can be affected by psychological, developmental, and emotional problems. So, the aim of this research is to The purpose of this study was to investigate prediction dependency on virtual social networks based on alexithymia, attachment styles, well-being psychological and loneliness. The research design was a two-group diagnostic function. Methods: The statistical population consisted of all all the female students’ high school (125110 students) in Tehran city in the year academic 2018-2019 constituted the research population. We obtained data from 100 normal students and 100 students’ dependency on virtual social networks completed addiction to social networks questionnaire of mobile scale, Toronto alexithymia scale, adult attachment scale, psychological well-being scale, and loneliness scale were used for data collection in this study. The obtained data were analyzed by the discriminant analysis method by SPSS-24. Results: The results of the analysis showed that alexithymia, attachment styles, well-being psychological and loneliness can help to prediction dependency on virtual social networks and function discriminant analysis assigned 77/5 percent of the normal female students and students with dependency on virtual social networks. Conclusions: Based on the results of the present study, the predictive variable is an important step in identifying the factors that are effective in dependency on virtual social networks. Therefore, the results study can be useful for the design and development of dependency on virtual social network prevention programs.

Introduction: One of the most serious health threats, which in recent years due to rapid social change, the health organizations, law enforcement and social policy is one of the most important problems in society are taken into consideration, the prevalence of risky behaviors is among adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-social problem-solving skills training on coping strategies and feelings of failure in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all female adolescents in Babolsar high school in the academic year 2019. A sampling of this research was done in two stages. A: At this stage, 400 students were randomly selected from all students in a single-stage cluster and a questionnaire of high-risk behaviors of Iranian-born adolescents, Mohammadi and Ahmadabadi (2008) was administered to them. B: The people who had the highest score in the Iranian Adolescents' High-Risk Behavior Questionnaires were identified as 85 people. And then the Blings & Moss Coping Strategies Questionnaire (1984); (The method of answering the questionnaire is that the respondents agree or disagree with these items on a 4-choice scale from never (=1) to forever (=4); Hosseini Ghadmagahi et al. Reported the validity of this questionnaire by internal consistency method from 0. 41 to 0. 66) and Gilbert and Allen Feeling of Failure Questionnaire (1998), (Respondents agree or disagree with these statements on a 5-point scale from strongly agree (=5) to strongly disagree (=1); Tarsafi, Kalantar Koucheh and Leicester Cronbach's alpha coefficients were reported to have a failure feeling questionnaire of 0. 93 for women and 0. 93 for men and convergence validity was reported with Beck Depression Inventory (0. 71); Among them, 36 people were selected as the final sample and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (each group consisting of 18 people). The experimental group was exposed to cognitive problem-solving skills training for ten one-and-a-half hour sessions and the control group did not receive any treatment. Results: The results showed that social skills training, cognitive problem solving strategies to reduce the physical and emotion-focused, and increase cognitive strategies perceived social support, and problem-solving and reduce internally and external failure was high-risk adolescents (P<0. 001). Conclusions: Teaching cognitive-social problem-solving skills to adolescents with high-risk behaviors increases positive and negative coping strategies, which in turn can improve long-term relationships with peers that ultimately reduce their sense of failure. The result is an increase in their sense of compatibility.

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in Iran and the world that imposes many physical and psychological complications on patients. The aim of the study was to Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Resilience, Psychological Well-Being and Blood Sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes Tehran in 2019. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design (three groups) with two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients with type 2 diabetes referred to health centers in Tehran in 2019, from which 45 people were assigned to two experimental groups (15 people in each group) and one control group (15 people) by available sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Research data were collected using Connor and Davidson resilience questionnaires and Reef psychological well-being questionnaires and fasting blood sugar were measured by a blood test. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 19 in two parts: descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential (multivariate analysis of covariance and post hoc tests). Results: The results showed that both interventions had a significant effect on increasing resilience and psychological well-being and lowering blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes (Wilkes lambda = 0. 15, P <0. 05). Also, group therapy of acceptance and commitment is more effective than group therapy of mindfulness on improving resilience (F = 6. 23, P <0. 05) and psychological well-being (F = 8. 71, P <0. 05) in post-test and Is a follow-up. But there was no significant difference between the effect of treatment methods on blood sugar levels. Conclusions: The results show a significant effect of mindfulness and commitment-based therapy and acceptance on resilience, psychological well-being and blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, psychologists and medical centers can use these methods to improve the condition of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: Internationally, women's health during pregnancy and childbirth is recognized as a cornerstone of population health and women's empowerment is one of the development goals in the current millennium. On the other hand, psychological distress is one of the most common psychological disorders in a pregnancy that can lead to serious and lasting consequences such as undermining the psychological empowerment of mothers. Therefore, the present study was conducted to develop a causal model of psychological empowerment of pregnant women based on the role of psychological distress and mediation of resilience, mindfulness and meta-emotion. Methods: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study included pregnant women who referred to health care centers of Boroujerd City in 2020. The sample size was 392 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research instruments included demographic and pregnancy information questionnaire, the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS-14), the Van den Bergh Pregnancy Anxiety Scale (PRAQ), the Edinburg Depression Scale (EPDS), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (RISC-CD), the Bauer et al Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Mitmansgruber metaemotion scale (MES) and the Kameda’ s Prenatal Psychological Empowerment Scale (KPES). Data were analyzed by SPSS-26 software and structural equation modeling. Results: The effect of psychological distress variable on psychological empowerment is significant both independently and with the presence of mediating variables of resilience and mindfulness. Psychological distress, psychological resilience and mindfulness can explain 67. 9% of the psychological empowerment variance; But the mediating role of meta-emotion (t = 0. 690, β =-0. 006) was not confirmed in the model. Conclusions: Health caregivers can help moderate the negative effects of psychological distress and psychological empowerment of this vulnerable group by considering resilience and mindfulness of pregnant women during prenatal care.