SAREM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH (SAREM JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE)
Year:2018 | Volume:2 | Issue:4|Papers Count:9

Aqua-gymnastic is a unit that is providing specific exercises appropriated for the pregnant women in order to prepare and strengthen physical ability of them and has necessary facilities for mothers and fetus and also has appropriate aiding facilities with professional and trained personnel. The term “ aqua” means water and term “ gymnastic” is a special stretched work outs that occurred during pregnancy. However, from the past, had been using aqua therapy in developed countries and after that, doing exercise in water for patients is considered and then it is carried out for pregnant women. This approach was performed in Sarem hospital for the first time in Iran and the major goal was to focus on respect and to “ Iraninan mother” have good relationship with them since the foundation. The goal of establishing aqua-gymnastic in Sarem hospital in 1385 (as a successful and accepted method for helping natural delivery) is clear. Since in this approach unlike other methods that is applied by anesthesia, the pain of delivery is reduced and newborn’ s Apgar is also better. With special training and using aqua-gymnastic as a part of pregnancy care with specific exercise according to standard principles leads to anxiety reduction due to physical, spiritual and mental changes, facilitate pregnancy period and also utilization of private counselling and effectiveness of this method of treatment properly. In short, the most important indicators of using aqua-gymnastic are; refusing unnecessary caesarean section, emphasizing on the importance of taking care of both mother and baby, and including the importance of breastfeeding on the health of children and prevention of arthritis and neck and cow back pain, varicose veins in the legs and perineum and muscle cramps, relieve gastrointestinal complications (fissure during pregnancy), depression and anxiety in mother. In addition to inviting medical centers especially specialized hospitals including special departments of obstetrics and gynecology to establish aqua-gymnastic unites, it is also expected academy of medical science to honor the Persian language and select appropriate word or term “ Ab-Varz” which is appropriate with this method of treatment and inform it if approved.

Aims The evaluation of effective factors on male infertility is essential to diagnose and to treat the causes of infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting infertility and to determine the type of sperm disorders in Iranian infertile men. Materials & Methods This cross-sectional community-based study was conducted on 764 Iranian infertile men referred to the infertility clinic of Sarem women’ s hospital (Tehran, Iran) from April 2006 to March 2012. The patients’ demographics, history of disease, surgery, and seminal fluid analysis were obtained from their medical records. The semen samples were collected according to the WHO standard protocol. The data were analyzed by Chi square test using SPSS 16 software. Findings The pure male factor infertility was found in 470 (61. 5%) patients and 294 (38. 5%) patients showed male factor infertility associated with other factors (mixed male factor infertility). Primary infertility was found in 593 (77. 6%) patients and 171 (22. 4%) patients showed secondary infertility. Asthenospermia and asthenoteratospermia were found in 236 (30. 9%) and 225 (29. 5%) patients, respectively. The prevalence of asthenospermia and asthenoteratospermia were higher than the other sperm disorders in the patients. The government employees and self-employed person were more frequent than the patients with other jobs. There was no significant relationship between the job status and male infertility (p>0. 05). The most of the patients were from Tehran and central provinces of Iran. Conclusion Demographics, occupational factors, varicocele disease history, and type of surgeries are not related to infertility. The prevalence of asthenospermia and asthenoteratospermia among Iranian infertile men are more than the other sperm disorders. bone marrow is fractal.

Aims Different risk factors are known to be contributed to premature rupture of membrane (PROM). However, its certain cause has always been discussed. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the maternal risk factors of PROM after 37 weeks of pregnancy. Materials & Methods This case-control study was conducted on 242 pregnant women referred to Sarem women’ s hospital (Tehran, Iran) in 2011-2013. The women in case group (n=121) had PROM at least one hour before delivery. The women in control group (n=121) were matched in terms of maternal age with case group. The effects of factors including vaginal culture, abortion history, gravids, history of cervical surgery and cervical length were investigated on PROM. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Fischer exact and Mann-Whitney tests by SPSS software. Findings There was no significant difference in age distribution between case and control groups. There were no significance associations between gravids, vaginal culture and history of cerclage with PROM (p>0. 05). However, significant associations were found between the numbers of previous abortions and cervix length less than 35mm with PROM (p<0. 05). Conclusion The factors including cervical length less than 35mm and the number of previous abortions (both of which are related in some way) are the maternal risk factors affecting PROM after 37 weeks of pregnancy.

Aims Congenital nystagmus is one of the most common eye diseases characterized by involuntary eye movements. A large family from West Azerbaijan province (mostly living in the city of Khoy) was referred to medical genetics department of Sarem hospital which congenital nystagmus has been detected in 12 of them with X-linked dominant inheritance pattern. Two X-linked genes on the short and long arms of the X chromosome had been reported that linkage analysis had been performed on them at the medical genetics department of Sarem hospital and no positive results were found. X-linked mutations in a third gene which is called FRMD7 have been reported recently that its related characteristics were same as what has been observed in the family members of this family. Therefore, we decided to investigate the FRMD7 gene in this family. Materials & Methods Methods of indirect (linkage) and direct sequencing (sequencing) were used to assess gene mutations of FRMD7. Results This study led to the identification of mutations c. 37C>T. The observed variation has not previously been reported in patients with congenital nystagmus. Mutation of cytosine to thymine base and deletion of glutamine amino acid, that results in premature truncation of the protein Conclusion The results of this study emphasize on the heterogeneity of the disease. Therefore, study of this gene as a cause of congenital nystagmus in the Iranian society should be considered.

Aims The normal architecture of bone marrow apparently is simple; however, there is an important feature that immature elements of bone marrow are never seen in peripheral blood of normal subjects and we can find these elements only in special conditions such as metastasis or leukemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the physical structure of bone marrow regarding fractal model and diffusion limited growth phenomenon. Materials & Methods This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 704 volunteer subjects with RSA history referred to Sarem women’ s hospital (Tehran, Iran) from 2009 to 2013. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from their husband or a third donor and were injected into the patients, two or three times. Two weeks after the last immunization, the patients’ sera were tested for anti-paternal cytotoxic antibodies (APCAs) by leukocyte cross-match test. The leukocyte cross-match percentages were considered as positive if its values were more than 35% and vice versa. Findings A positive result of leukocyte cross-match test was found in 319 (45. 31%) patients with RSA that received paternal PBMCs two times. Immunization was repeated for the patients with negative tests using paternal or third donor PBMCs and positive result were observed in 219 (31. 11%) patients. Totally, positive results were found in 538 (76. 42%) patients. Conclusion Lymphocyte therapy can enhances the production of APCAs in patients with RSA. It can increase the possibility of positive cross match test in these patients when it is repeated for three times.

Introduction In the Qajar era, some hospitals were established with personal funds for the welfare of people, one of which was Vaziri Hospital. In this article, for the enrichment and authenticity of the contents, the author tried to use all available first-hand references, especially historical documents available in the National Library and Archives of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to write the history of the establishment, development, and activities of Vaziri Hospital and commemorate Mirza Isa Vazir and Sheikh Hadi Najm Abadi, two philanthropist in the medical services in Iran. Conclusion Vaziri Hospital was founded by Sheikh Hadi Najm Abadi, using the endowments of Mirza Isa Vazir; during 97 years (from 1897 to 1994), thousands of patients benefited from its health care. Mirza Isa, known as “ Vazir, ” after being affected by cholera in 1889, decided to establish a hospital to improve the health and fight against diseases, and before his death, he made a will to Sheikh Hadi Njambaladi to establish a hospital by one-third of his property, but due to disputes occurred among the heirs of Mirza Isa, this action did not become practical until 1894. In the middle of 1894, Sheikh Hadi resolved the disputes and chose a land of 4000 square meters in the current location of Vaziri Hospital according to the will to establish the hospital; the construction continued until 1897.

Introduction Currently, congenital heart anomalies are the most common anomalies at birth with the incidence rate 8 to 10 per 1000 live births. Fetal heart is small and mobile. The placement of embryos in uterus does not always allow us to take standard images. So, we are faced with an immense variety of images that make it difficult to interpret the abnormal form normal situations (especially in Axis off images). Fetal heart echocardiography is a method to diagnose congenital heart disorders and helps us check fetal heart structure and detect many of the major disorders before birth. The best time for fetal echocardiography is 18 to 24 weeks of gestational age. It can be carried out from the14th week if there is echocardiography device with high sensitivity and accuracy as well as enough experience. Conclusion The identification and diagnosis of accompanied syndromes, fetal treatments start, the decision to terminate or continue pregnancy, and emotional support of the mother are among the cases that remark the significance of the diagnosis of fetal anomalies.

Patients Information Tay-Sachs is a rare genetic-metabolic disease inherited by autosomal recessive inheritance. The reason for appearance of this disease is a defect in ß-hexosaminamide A enzyme and the accumulation of glycosphingolipid in cell lysosomes. The disease is characterized by progressive weakness, loss of motor skills, increased motor response, and decreased consciousness from about 3 to 6 months. Seizure, blindness, and evidence of progressive neurological degeneration are observed in almost all patients as bilateral cherry red spot on ophthalmoscopy. In this study, 6 children with Tay-Sachs were reported with the above symptoms. An enzyme study was performed on them, with a significant decrease in ß-hexosaminamide A enzyme levels in all patients. Conclusion To prevent the recurrence of Tay-Sachs disease, ß-hexosaminidase A activity measurement by molecular and genetic methods and the investigation of mutations in the Hexosaminidase gene are necessary. Thus, with prenatal diagnosis, we can prevent the birth of another affected offspring with the consent of the parents.

Patient Information About one-third of embryos with Nuchal Thickening (NT) have chromosomal abnormalities. One of these abnormalities is Klinefelter syndrome (47XXY). The aim of this case report was to indicate the importance of prenatal diagnosis with consideration of anomalies reports in both screenings of the first and second trimester of pregnancy as well as the importance of NT and the need for further chromosomal studies in these conditions. A 29-year-old woman with the first pregnancy was referred to Screening Clinic of Sarem Hospital for the first stage of aneuploidy screening in gestational age of 13 weeks and 2 days. The screening results of the first trimester were normal and in the second screening, the Quad marker testing (four tests of Inhibin A, Free β-hCG, AFP, and UE3) was conducted in gestational age of 16 weeks; the risk of Fetal Neural Tube Defects and Down syndrome were reported again in the low-risk range. Amniocentesis was asked for the patient for a definitive diagnosis because of the high NT range. In the review and analysis of amniotic fluid cells, karyotype was reported as 47XXY (Klinefelter syndrome). Conclusion In aneuploidy screening, only estimating the risk of common trisomies of 13, 18, and 21 is not the case. NT amount must be examined separately. The prenatal diagnosis of these disorders is effective in planning and future prognosis of pregnancy. Klinefelter syndrome is one of those chromosomal abnormalities, which occurs as a XXY karyotype with an outbreak of 1 in 10, 000 in boys, and, unfortunately, it is not diagnosed until the puberty after manifesting itself as a demonstration of hypogonadism. Early diagnosis and alternative hormone therapy can make natural maturation process in these cases.